Dockerfile格式
FROM centos:latest #依赖的基础镜像
MAINTAINER fage #制作文件的人
RUN yum install -y gcc #安装的软件
COPY run.sh /usr/bin #执行指令
EXPOSE 80 #声明使用的端口
CMD [ “run.sh”] #构建的时候执行的指令
命令是顺序往下执行的
Dockerfile指令
指令 |
描述 |
FROM |
构建新镜像是基于那个镜像 |
MAINTAINER |
镜像维护中信息 |
RUN |
构建镜像时运行的shell命令 |
COPY |
拷贝文件或目录到镜像中 |
ENV |
设置环境变量 |
USER |
为RUN、CMD、ENTRYPOINT执行命令指定运行用户 |
EXPOSE |
声明容器运行的端口 |
HEALTHCHECK |
容器中服务器健康检查 |
WORKDIR |
为RUN、CMD、ENTRYPOINT、COPY、ADD设置工作目录 |
ENTRYPOINT |
运行容器时执行,如果有多个ENTRYPOINT指令,最后一个生效 |
CMD |
运行容器时执行,如果有多个CMD指令,最后一个生效 |
Build镜像
Usage:docker build [OPTIONS] [PATH] | URL | -[flags]
Options:
-t --tag list #镜像名称
-f --file string #指定Dockerfile文件位置
常用组合
docker build .
docker build -t shykes/myapp .
docker build -t shykes/myapp -f /path/Dockerfile /path *****
docker build -t shykes/myapp http://www.example.com/Dockerfile
构建业务基础镜像
1、 构建nginx基础镜像
2、 构建PHP基础镜像
3、 构建Tomcat基础镜像
构建nginx镜像步骤
FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER fage RUN yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make openssl-devel pcre-devel gd-devel iproute net-tools telnet wget curl && yum clean all && rm -rf /var/cache/yum/* RUN wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.15.5.tar.gz && tar zxf nginx-1.15.5.tar.gz && cd nginx-1.15.5 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module && make -j 4 && make install && rm -rf /usr/local/nginx/html/* && echo "ok" >> /usr/local/nginx/html/status.html && cd / && rm -rf nginx-1.12.2* && ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin #COPY nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx EXPOSE 80 CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
尽量把无用的内容删除和清空,保证镜像的最小
开始构建
docker build -t nginx:v1 -f Dockerfile-nginx .
启动构建的容器,并测试访问
docker run -d --name nginx01 -p 88:80 nginx:v1
构建PHP镜像
FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER fage RUN yum install epel-release -y && yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make gd-devel libxml2-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel openssl-devel libmcrypt-devel libxslt-devel libtidy-devel autoconf iproute net-tools telnet wget curl && yum clean all && rm -rf /var/cache/yum/* RUN wget http://docs.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.36.tar.gz && tar zxf php-5.6.36.tar.gz && cd php-5.6.36 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --enable-opcache --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --with-openssl --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --enable-hash && make -j 4 && make install && cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini && cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && sed -i "90a daemonize = no" /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && mkdir /usr/local/php/log && cd / && rm -rf php* && ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/php/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/php/bin COPY php.ini /usr/local/php/etc/ COPY php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/ WORKDIR /usr/local/php EXPOSE 9000 CMD ["php-fpm"]
开始构建
docker build -t php:v1 -f Dockerfile-php .
验证
docker run -d --restart=always --name php01 php:v1
docker ps -l
docker exec -it php01 bash
cd /usr/local/php/bin && ./php -v
构建Tomcat镜像
FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER fage ENV VERSION=8.0.50 RUN yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk wget curl unzip iproute net-tools -y && yum clean all && rm -rf /var/cache/yum/* #RUN wget http://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v${VERSION}/bin/apache-tomcat-${VERSION}.tar.gz && COPY apache-tomcat-8.0.50.tar.gz /tmp RUN cd /tmp && tar zxf apache-tomcat-${VERSION}.tar.gz && mv apache-tomcat-${VERSION} /usr/local/tomcat && rm -rf apache-tomcat-${VERSION}.tar.gz /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/* && mkdir /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test && echo "ok" > /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/status.html && sed -i '1a JAVA_OPTS="-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom"' /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh && ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/tomcat/bin WORKDIR /usr/local/tomcat EXPOSE 8080 CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"] #前台运行
开始构建
docker build -t tomcat:v1 -f Dockerfile-tomcat .
构建项目镜像包
cat >Dockerfile <<EOF
FROM tomcat:v1
COPY jenkins.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT.war
EOF
docker build -t tomcat:v2 -f Dockerfile .
docker run -d --name tomcat02 -p 8090:8080 tomcat:v2
docker exec -it tomcat02 bash
ls webapps/