What's the difference between INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN and FULL JOIN?

There are different types of joins available in SQL:

INNER JOIN: returns rows when there is a match in both tables.

LEFT JOIN: returns all rows from the left table, even if there are no matches in the right table.

RIGHT JOIN: returns all rows from the right table, even if there are no matches in the left table.

FULL JOIN: returns rows when there is a match in one of the tables.

SELF JOIN: is used to join a table to itself as if the table were two tables, temporarily renaming at least one table in the SQL statement.

CARTESIAN JOIN: returns the Cartesian product of the sets of records from the two or more joined tables.

WE can take each first four joins in Details :

We have two tables with the following values.

TableA

id  firstName                  lastName
.......................................
1   arun                        prasanth                 
2   ann                         antony                   
3   sruthy                      abc                      
6   new                         abc                                           

TableB

id2 age Place
................
1   24  kerala
2   24  usa
3   25  ekm
5   24  chennai

....................................................................

INNER JOIN

Note :it gives the intersection of the two tables, i.e. rows they have common in TableA and TableB

syntax is :

SELECT table1.column1, table2.column2...
FROM table1
INNER JOIN table2
ON table1.common_field = table2.common_field;

　　

Apply it in our sample table :

SELECT TableA.firstName,TableA.lastName,TableB.age,TableB.Place
FROM TableA
INNER JOIN TableB
ON TableA.id = TableB.id2;

　　

Result Will Be

firstName       lastName       age  Place
..............................................
arun            prasanth        24  kerala
ann             antony          24  usa
sruthy          abc             25  ekm

　　

LEFT JOIN

Note : will give all selected rows in TableA, plus any common selected rows in TableB.

Syantax

SELECT table1.column1, table2.column2...
FROM table1
LEFT JOIN table2
ON table1.common_field = table2.common_field;

　　

Apply it in our sample table :

SELECT TableA.firstName,TableA.lastName,TableB.age,TableB.Place
FROM TableA
LEFT JOIN TableB
ON TableA.id = TableB.id2;

　　

Result

firstName                   lastName                    age   Place
...............................................................................
arun                        prasanth                    24    kerala
ann                         antony                      24    usa
sruthy                      abc                         25    ekm
new                         abc                         NULL  NULL

RIGHT JOIN

Note : will give all selected rows in TableB, plus any common selected rows in TableA.

Syantax

SELECT table1.column1, table2.column2...
FROM table1
RIGHT JOIN table2
ON table1.common_field = table2.common_field;

　　

Apply it in our sample table :

SELECT TableA.firstName,TableA.lastName,TableB.age,TableB.Place
FROM TableA
RIGHT JOIN TableB
ON TableA.id = TableB.id2;

　　

Result

firstName                   lastName                    age     Place
...............................................................................
arun                        prasanth                    24     kerala
ann                         antony                      24     usa
sruthy                      abc                         25     ekm
NULL                        NULL                        24     chennai

FULL JOIN

Note : It is same as union operation, it will return all selected values from both tables.

Syantax

SELECT table1.column1, table2.column2...
FROM table1
FULL JOIN table2
ON table1.common_field = table2.common_field;

　　

Apply it in our sample table :

SELECT TableA.firstName,TableA.lastName,TableB.age,TableB.Place
FROM TableA
FULL JOIN TableB
ON TableA.id = TableB.id2;

　　

Result

firstName                   lastName                    age    Place
...............................................................................
arun                        prasanth                    24    kerala
ann                         antony                      24    usa
sruthy                      abc                         25    ekm
new                         abc                         NULL  NULL
NULL                        NULL                        24    chennai

Interesting Fact

For INNER joins the order doesn't matter

For (LEFT, RIGHT or FULL) OUTER joins,the order matter

Better to go check this Link it will give you interesting details about join order