MySQL 数据库常用命令

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http://www.cnblogs.com/northeastTycoon/p/5504161.html

1.  查看当前用户      mysql> select user();    # 查询当前用户命令语句
      +----------------+
      | user()         |
      +----------------+
      | dbdh@localhost |
     +----------------+
     1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2. 查看所有用户信息操作

mysql> select user,password,host from mysql.user;

+------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+

| user | password                                  | host      |

+------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+

| root | *2E91CB3102EF6B7544F608943E5F0345EA4B1B6E | localhost |

| root | *2E91CB3102EF6B7544F608943E5F0345EA4B1B6E | 127.0.0.1 |

| root | *2E91CB3102EF6B7544F608943E5F0345EA4B1B6E | ::1       |

| dbdh | *2E91CB3102EF6B7544F608943E5F0345EA4B1B6E | 127.0.0.1 |

| dbdh | *2E91CB3102EF6B7544F608943E5F0345EA4B1B6E | localhost |

+------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)


3. 查询当前的数据库版本信息

mysql> select @@version;
+------------+
| @@version  |
+------------+
| 5.6.22-log |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4. 查询数据库是否启动log_bin

mysql> show variables like '%log_bin%';
+---------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                   | Value |
+---------------------------------+-------+
| log_bin                         | OFF   |
| log_bin_basename                |       |
| log_bin_index                   |       |
| log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF   |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events       | OFF   |
| sql_log_bin                     | ON    |
+---------------------------------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

5.  查询当前支持的字符集

mysql> show character set;
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset  | Description                 | Default collation   | Maxlen |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| big5     | Big5 Traditional Chinese    | big5_chinese_ci     |      2 |
| dec8     | DEC West European           | dec8_swedish_ci     |      1 |
| cp850    | DOS West European           | cp850_general_ci    |      1 |
| hp8      | HP West European            | hp8_english_ci      |      1 |
| koi8r    | KOI8-R Relcom Russian       | koi8r_general_ci    |      1 |
| latin1   | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci   |      1 |
| latin2   | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci   |      1 |
| swe7     | 7bit Swedish                | swe7_swedish_ci     |      1 |
| ascii    | US ASCII                    | ascii_general_ci    |      1 |
| ujis     | EUC-JP Japanese             | ujis_japanese_ci    |      3 |
| sjis     | Shift-JIS Japanese          | sjis_japanese_ci    |      2 |
| hebrew   | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew           | hebrew_general_ci   |      1 |
| tis620   | TIS620 Thai                 | tis620_thai_ci      |      1 |
| euckr    | EUC-KR Korean               | euckr_korean_ci     |      2 |
| koi8u    | KOI8-U Ukrainian            | koi8u_general_ci    |      1 |
| gb2312   | GB2312 Simplified Chinese   | gb2312_chinese_ci   |      2 |
| greek    | ISO 8859-7 Greek            | greek_general_ci    |      1 |
| cp1250   | Windows Central European    | cp1250_general_ci   |      1 |
| gbk      | GBK Simplified Chinese      | gbk_chinese_ci      |      2 |
| latin5   | ISO 8859-9 Turkish          | latin5_turkish_ci   |      1 |
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian          | armscii8_general_ci |      1 |
| utf8     | UTF-8 Unicode               | utf8_general_ci     |      3 |
| ucs2     | UCS-2 Unicode               | ucs2_general_ci     |      2 |
| cp866    | DOS Russian                 | cp866_general_ci    |      1 |
| keybcs2  | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak  | keybcs2_general_ci  |      1 |
| macce    | Mac Central European        | macce_general_ci    |      1 |
| macroman | Mac West European           | macroman_general_ci |      1 |
| cp852    | DOS Central European        | cp852_general_ci    |      1 |
| latin7   | ISO 8859-13 Baltic          | latin7_general_ci   |      1 |
| utf8mb4  | UTF-8 Unicode               | utf8mb4_general_ci  |      4 |
| cp1251   | Windows Cyrillic            | cp1251_general_ci   |      1 |
| utf16    | UTF-16 Unicode              | utf16_general_ci    |      4 |
| utf16le  | UTF-16LE Unicode            | utf16le_general_ci  |      4 |
| cp1256   | Windows Arabic              | cp1256_general_ci   |      1 |
| cp1257   | Windows Baltic              | cp1257_general_ci   |      1 |
| utf32    | UTF-32 Unicode              | utf32_general_ci    |      4 |
| binary   | Binary pseudo charset       | binary              |      1 |
| geostd8  | GEOSTD8 Georgian            | geostd8_general_ci  |      1 |
| cp932    | SJIS for Windows Japanese   | cp932_japanese_ci   |      2 |
| eucjpms  | UJIS for Windows Japanese   | eucjpms_japanese_ci |      3 |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
40 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
| Variable_name            | Value
     |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
| character_set_client     | gbk
     |
| character_set_connection | gbk
     |
| character_set_database   | utf8
     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary
     |
| character_set_results    | gbk
     |
| character_set_server     | utf8
     |
| character_set_system     | utf8
     |
| character_sets_dir       | C:Program FilesMySQLMySQL Server 5.6sharechars
ets |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

6.  查询一个数据库字符集及库中某一个表字符集

mysql> show create database test;  #库的字符集
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database                                               |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| test     | CREATE DATABASE `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show create table test.t1G;  #test库中t1表中的字符集
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: t1
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `t1` (
  `id` int(3) DEFAULT '0',
  `age` int(3) DEFAULT NULL,
  `name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `school` varchar(30) DEFAULT 'null'
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

7. 查找日志文件文件:

     mysql> show variables like '%dir%';

8. 修改字符集操作

     mysql> alter database test character set utf8;
     Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

9. 连接mysql 数据库命令语句如下

     mysql -h localhost | hostIP -u username -ppassword -D

10. 查询当前所有的数据库

     mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| qfclear            |
| sakila             |
| test               |
| train              |
| world              |
+--------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

11. 如果想使用某一个数据可以使用命令如下:

       mysql>use databasename;

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/northeastTycoon/p/5504161.html