unittest在Python单元测试中很常见,下面借助IDE录制的脚本并导出来分析它的框架。
在百度首页输入selenium,空格,删除空格,然后回车搜索,录制如下:
将录制完的脚本导出,另存为baidu_test.py
打开另存为的脚本,其内容如下:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException from selenium.common.exceptions import NoAlertPresentException import unittest, time, re class BaiduTest(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()# self.driver.implicitly_wait(30) self.base_url = "https://www.baidu.com/" self.verificationErrors = [] self.accept_next_alert = True def test_baidu(self): driver = self.driver driver.get(self.base_url + "/") driver.find_element_by_id("kw").click() driver.find_element_by_id("kw").clear() driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys("Selenium") driver.find_element_by_id("su").click() def is_element_present(self, how, what): try: self.driver.find_element(by=how, value=what) except NoSuchElementException, e: return False return True def is_alert_present(self): try: self.driver.switch_to_alert() except NoAlertPresentException, e: return False return True def close_alert_and_get_its_text(self): try: alert = self.driver.switch_to_alert() alert_text = alert.text if self.accept_next_alert: alert.accept() else: alert.dismiss() return alert_text finally: self.accept_next_alert = True def tearDown(self): self.driver.quit() self.assertEqual([], self.verificationErrors) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main()
</pre><p></p><pre>代码很多,简要分析下:
1、setup()里面大部分熟悉,不过有些还是第一次见:
self.verificationErrors = [] #脚本运行时,错误的信息将被打印到这个列表中。
self.accept_next_alert = True #是否继续接受下一下警告
2、这个测试操作代码,熟悉:
def test_baidu(self): driver = self.driver driver.get(self.base_url + "/") driver.find_element_by_id("kw").click() driver.find_element_by_id("kw").clear() driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys("Selenium") driver.find_element_by_id("su").click()
</pre>3、这个是判断页面是否有元素,作用不大:<p></p><p></p><pre name="code" class="python"><pre name="code" class="python"> def is_element_present(self, how, what): try: self.driver.find_element(by=how, value=what) except NoSuchElementException, e: return False return True
4、弹窗异常处理:
def is_alert_present(self): try: self.driver.switch_to_alert() except NoAlertPresentException, e: return False return True
5、关闭警告和对得到的文本框的处理:
def close_alert_and_get_its_text(self): try: alert = self.driver.switch_to_alert() alert_text = alert.text if self.accept_next_alert: alert.accept() else: alert.dismiss() return alert_text finally: self.accept_next_alert = True
6、teardown()下的代码:self.assertEqual([], self.verificationErrors) 是个难点,对前面verificationErrors方法获得的列表进行比较;如查verificationErrors的列表不为空,输出列表中的报错信息。这个东西,也可以将来被你自己更好的调用和使用,根据自己的需要写入你希望的信息。
def tearDown(self): self.driver.quit() self.assertEqual([], self.verificationErrors)
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