[Hadoop]安装

1 从官网下载hadoop稳定版

http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/hadoop/common/

2 安装JAVA 参考如下blog

http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangwenjing/p/3580726.html

安装JDK

1、将安装包上传的要安装java的位置。

2、解压缩：tar -zxvf jdk-7u51-linux-i586.gz

3、删除：rm -Rf jdk-7u51-linux-i586.gz（节省磁盘空间）

配置

#vi /etc/profile

在最后面添加如下内容：

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_51

CLASSPATH=.:＄JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

PATH=＄JAVA_HOME/bin:＄PATH

export JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH PATH

退出保存：按Esc，:wq退出保存。

验证：java -version

3 安装hadoop

参考http://www.21ops.com/front-tech/9766.html

其中相关内容具体目录自己改动。

一：修改配置文件：

hadoop2.2的配置文件在/opt/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop文件夹下，具体配置文件修改如下：

1、修改/etc/hosts文件（sudo gedit /etc/hosts）

192.168.222.154 hd2-single

2、修改core-site.xml

<configuration>
    <property>  
      <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>  
      <value>/home/sujx/hadoop/tmp</value>  
    </property>  
    <property>  
      <name>fs.defaultFS</name>  
      <value>hdfs://hd2-single:9000</value>  
      <final>true</final>  
    </property> 
</configuration>

fs.defaultFS：HDFS文件系统的URL

3. 修改hdfs-site.xml

<configuration>
    <property>  
      <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>  
      <value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/dfs/name</value>  
      <final>true</final>  
    </property>  
       
    <property>  
      <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>  
      <value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/dfs/data</value>  
      <final>true</final>  
    </property>  
       
    <property>  
      <name>dfs.replication</name>  
      <value>1</value>  
    </property>  
       
    <property>  
      <name>dfs.permissions</name>  
      <value>false</value>  
    </property>  
</configuration>

4. 修改mapred-site.xml

<configuration>
    <property>  
      <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>  
      <value>yarn</value>  
    </property>  
       
    <property>  
      <name>mapred.system.dir</name>  
      <value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/mapred/system</value>  
      <final>true</final>  
    </property>  
       
    <property>  
      <name>mapred.local.dir</name>  
      <value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/mapred/local</value>  
      <final>true</final>  
    </property> 
</configuration>

5. 修改yarn-site.xml

<configuration>
 
    <property>  
      <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>  
      <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>  
      <description>shuffle service that needsto be set for Map Reduce to run </description>  
    </property>  
       
    <property>  
      <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>  
      <value>hd2-single</value>  
      <description>hostanem of RM</description>  
    </property> 
</configuration>

6. 修改slave

hd2-single

至此，配置文件修改完毕，比较多，挺麻烦的。

二：启动Hadoop脚本。

启动hadoop脚本，需呀用到一些环境变量，所以需要先修改Ubuntu的profile文件。

使用命令：sudo /etc/profile

export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop-2.2.0  
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
export YARN_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop

在初次运行Hadoop的时候需要初始化Hadoop文件系统，命令如下：

1	`hdfs namenode -format`

1. 启动脚本一：

sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-namenode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode
starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-datanode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start secondarynamenode
starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-secondarynamenode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
9310 SecondaryNameNode
9345 Jps
9140 NameNode
9221 DataNode
sujx@ubuntu:~$ yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-resourcemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ yarn-daemon.sh start nodemanager
starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-nodemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
9310 SecondaryNameNode
9651 NodeManager
9413 ResourceManager
9140 NameNode
9709 Jps
9221 DataNode
sujx@ubuntu:~$

2. 启动脚本二：

sujx@ubuntu:~$ start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [hd2-single]
hd2-single: starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-namenode-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-datanode-ubuntu.out
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-secondarynamenode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ start-yarn.sh
starting yarn daemons
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-resourcemanager-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-nodemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
11414 SecondaryNameNode
10923 NameNode
11141 DataNode
12038 Jps
11586 ResourceManager
11811 NodeManager
sujx@ubuntu:~$

3. 启动脚本三：

sujx@ubuntu:~$ start-all.sh
This script is Deprecated. Instead use start-dfs.sh and start-yarn.sh
Starting namenodes on [hd2-single]
hd2-single: starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-namenode-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-datanode-ubuntu.out
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-secondarynamenode-ubuntu.out
starting yarn daemons
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-resourcemanager-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-nodemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
14156 NodeManager
14445 Jps
13267 NameNode
13759 SecondaryNameNode
13485 DataNode
13927 ResourceManager
sujx@ubuntu:~$

其实这三种方式最终效果都是相同，他们内部也都是相互调用关系。对应的结束脚本也简单：
1. 结束脚本一：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop nodemanager
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop resourcemanager
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop secondarynamenode
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop datanode
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop namenode
2. 结束脚本二：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ stop-yarn.sh
sujx@ubuntu:~$ stop-dfs.sh
3. 结束脚本三：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ stop-all.sh
至此，单机伪分布就已经部署完毕。