Hive数据导入/导出

1.1 导入/导出规则

  • EXPORT 命令导出数据表或分区,与元数据一起输出到指定位置。又可以从这个输出位置移动到不同的Hadoop 或Hive 实例中,并且使用IMPORT 命令导入。
  • 当导出一个分区表时,原始数据可能位于不同的HDFS位置,同时还支持导出/导入分区的子集。
  • 导出的元数据存储在目标目录中,数据文件则存储在子目录中。
  • EXPORT 和IMPORT 命令独立于所用的数据源和目标元数据数据管理系统;例如,它们可以在Derby和MYSQL数据库之间使用。

二、导入/导出语法

  • 数据导出(EXPORT)
EXPORT TABLE tablename [PARTITION (part_column="value"[, ...])] 
  TO 'export_target_path' [ FOR replication('eventid')
  • 数据导入(IMPORT)
IMPORT [[EXTERNAL] TABLE new_or_original_tablename [PARTITION (part_column="value"[, ...])]] 
  FROM 'source_path'
  [LOCATION 'import_target_path']

三、导入/导出实例

  • 简单导入/导出
export table department to 'hdfs_exports_location/department';
import from 'hdfs_exports_location/department';
  • 导入重命名
export table department to 'hdfs_exports_location/department';
import table imported_dept from 'hdfs_exports_location/department';
  • 导出分区
export table employee partition (emp_country="in", emp_state="ka") to 'hdfs_exports_location/employee';
import from 'hdfs_exports_location/employee';
  • 导入分区
export table employee to 'hdfs_exports_location/employee';
import table employee partition (emp_country="us", emp_state="tn") from 'hdfs_exports_location
  • 指定导入位置
export table department to 'hdfs_exports_location/department';
import table department from 'hdfs_exports_location/department' 
       location 'import_target_location/department';
  • 作为外部表导入
export table department to 'hdfs_exports_location/department';
import external table department from 'hdfs_exports_location/department';

参考资料

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/charlist/p/7122172.html