先编写一个UI基类统一一些界面的逻辑行为：
public class BaseUI : MonoBehaviour { /// <summary> /// 当前界面名称 /// </summary> [HideInInspector] public string UIName; private Transform mTransform; public Transform CacheTransform { get { if (mTransform == null) mTransform = this.transform; return mTransform; } } private GameObject mGo; public GameObject CacheGameObject { get { if (mGo == null) mGo = this.gameObject; return mGo; } } /// <summary> /// 显示当前UI /// </summary> /// <param name="param">附加参数</param> public void Show(object param) { CacheGameObject.SetActive(true); OnShow(param); } /// <summary> /// 隐藏当前界面 /// </summary> public void Hide() { CacheGameObject.SetActive(false); OnHide(); } [HideInInspector] public Canvas mainCanvas = null; /// <summary> /// 绑定脚本并且激活游戏物体会调用的方法 /// </summary> void Awake() { OnAwake(); } /// <summary> /// 初始化UI主要用于寻找组件等 /// </summary> public void UIInit() { if (mainCanvas == null) { mainCanvas = this.GetComponent<Canvas>(); } if (mainCanvas != null) { mainCanvas.worldCamera = AppMgr.Instance.MainCamera; } mainCanvas.sortingOrder = UIDef.GetUIOrderLayer(UIName); OnInit(); } /// <summary> /// 初始化当前界面 /// </summary> protected virtual void OnInit() { } protected virtual void OnAwake() { } /// <summary> /// 显示当前界面 /// </summary> /// <param name="param">附加参数</param> protected virtual void OnShow(object param) { } /// <summary> /// 隐藏当前界面 /// </summary> protected virtual void OnHide() { } /// <summary> /// 删除当前UI /// </summary> protected virtual void OnDestroy() { } }
命令数据结构类，这里面保存了对UI操作的命令：uiName 要操作的UI的名称，Type 要绑定的脚本类型，listener加载完成后的回调，param要传入的参数， cmdType 命令类型。
/// <summary> /// 操作UI命令集 /// </summary> public class Command { /// <summary> /// 命令类型 /// </summary> public enum CmdType { /// <summary> /// 创建 /// </summary> CreateAndShow, /// <summary> /// 创建 /// </summary> Create, /// <summary> /// 显示或者刷新 /// </summary> Show, /// <summary> /// 隐藏 /// </summary> Hide, /// <summary> /// 删除 /// </summary> Destroy, } /// <summary> /// UI名称 /// </summary> public string uiName; /// <summary> /// 要绑定的脚本 /// </summary> public Type type; /// <summary> /// 加载完成之后的回调 /// </summary> public ILoadUIListener listener; /// <summary> /// 要传入的数据 /// </summary> public object param; /// <summary> /// 命令类型 /// </summary> public CmdType cmdType; /// <summary> /// 创建时候需要回调 /// </summary> public bool createCanCall = true; /// <summary> /// 获取一个显示的命令 /// </summary> /// <param name="_uiName">UI名称</param> /// <param name="_param">要传入的参数</param> public static Command CreateAndShowCmd(string uiName, Type type, ILoadUIListener listener, object param , bool createCanCall) { Command cmd = new Command(CmdType.CreateAndShow, uiName, type); cmd.createCanCall = createCanCall; cmd.listener = listener; cmd.type = type; cmd.param = param; return cmd; } /// <summary> /// 获取一个显示的命令 /// </summary> /// <param name="_uiName">UI名称</param> /// <param name="_param">要传入的参数</param> public static Command ShowCmd(string _uiName,ILoadUIListener listener ,object _param, bool _createCanCall) { Command cmd = new Command(CmdType.Show, _uiName, _param); cmd.createCanCall = _createCanCall; cmd.listener = listener; return cmd; } /// <summary> /// 获取一个创建的命令 /// </summary> /// <param name="_type">要绑定的脚本</param> /// <param name="_listener">加载完成之后的回调</param> public static Command CreateCmd(Type _type,string _uiName, ILoadUIListener _listener) { return new Command(CmdType.Create, _uiName, _type, _listener); } /// <summary> /// 获取一个隐藏命令 /// </summary> /// <param name="_uiName">要隐藏的UI名称</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Command HideCmd(string _uiName) { return new Command(CmdType.Hide, _uiName,null); } /// <summary> /// 获取一个删除的命令 /// </summary> /// <param name="_uiName">UI名称</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Command DestroyCmd(string _uiName) { return new Command(CmdType.Destroy, _uiName, null); } /// <summary> /// 构造函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="_cmdType">命令类型</param> /// <param name="_uiName">UI名称</param> /// <param name="_param">要传入的参数</param> public Command(CmdType _cmdType, string _uiName, object _param) { uiName = _uiName; cmdType = _cmdType; param = _param; } /// <summary> /// 构造 /// </summary> /// <param name="_cmdType">命令类型</param> /// <param name="_type">要绑定的脚本</param> /// <param name="_listener">加载完成之后的回调</param> public Command(CmdType _cmdType,string _uiName,Type _type,ILoadUIListener _listener) { cmdType = _cmdType; type = _type; listener = _listener; uiName = _uiName; } }
编写UIMgr ，管理各个UI的通用操作 ，打开、关闭、返回等
public class UIMgr : EventNode { private static UIMgr mInstance; public static UIMgr Instance { get { return mInstance; } }
这是一个单例模式，接下来创建用来存储UI缓存的字典，UIMgr也是围绕着这个字典进行维护
/// <summary> /// 所有UI /// </summary> private Dictionary<string, BaseUI> mDicUI = new Dictionary<string, BaseUI>();
接下来需要提供一些功能函数：
/// <summary> /// 添加一个UI /// </summary> /// <param name="ui"></param> public void AddUI(BaseUI ui) { if (ui != null) { mDicUI[ui.UIName] = ui; } } /// <summary> /// 移除一个UI /// </summary> /// <param name="ui"></param> public void RemoveUI(BaseUI ui) { if (ui != null && mDicUI.ContainsKey(ui.UIName)) { mDicUI.Remove(ui.UIName); } }
/// <summary> /// 所有命令集合 /// </summary> public List<Command> cmdList = new List<Command>(); internal Transform UIROOT = null; void Awake() { UIROOT = this.transform.FindChild("UIRoot"); mInstance = this; DontDestroyOnLoad(this.gameObject); } public List<string> GetCurrentOpenUI() { List<string> list = new List<string>(); foreach(BaseUI ui in mDicUI.Values) { if (ui.CacheGameObject.activeInHierarchy) { list.Add(ui.UIName); } } return list; }
提供基于命令的UI操作
#region 创建UI /// <summary> /// 创建UI /// </summary> /// <param name="uiName">UI名称</param> /// <param name="type">要绑定的脚本</param> /// <param name="listener">创建完成的回调</param> public void CreateUI(string uiName, Type type, ILoadUIListener listener) { cmdList.Add(Command.CreateCmd(type,uiName,listener)); } /// <summary> /// 创建UI的实体部分 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd">命令</param> private void _Create(Command cmd) { BaseUI ui= null; mDicUI.TryGetValue(cmd.uiName, out ui); if (ui != null) { if (cmd.listener != null) cmd.listener.FiniSh(ui); } else { ResMgr.Instance.Load(cmd.uiName,new LoadResFinish(cmd),typeof(GameObject),true); } } #endregion #region 显示UI /// <summary> /// 显示一个UI界面 如果不存在就创建 /// </summary> /// <param name="uiName">ui名称</param> /// <param name="type">要绑定的脚本</param> /// <param name="listener">如果界面不存在则会有界面加载完成后的回调</param> /// <param name="param">要传入的参数</param> public void ShowUI(string uiName, Type type, ILoadUIListener listener,object param = null,bool createCanCall = false) { BaseUI ui = null; mDicUI.TryGetValue(uiName,out ui); if (ui == null) { cmdList.Add(Command.CreateAndShowCmd(uiName,type,listener, param, createCanCall)); } else { cmdList.Add(Command.ShowCmd(uiName, listener, param, createCanCall)); } } /// <summary> /// 显示一个界面 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd"></param> private void _ShowUI(Command cmd) { BaseUI ui = null; mDicUI.TryGetValue(cmd.uiName, out ui); if (ui != null) { if (cmd.listener != null) { cmd.listener.FiniSh(ui); } ui.Show(cmd.param); } } #endregion #region 隐藏UI /// <summary> /// 隐藏这个UI /// </summary> /// <param name="uiName"></param> public void HideUI(string uiName) { cmdList.Add(Command.HideCmd(uiName)); } private void _HideUI(Command cmd) { BaseUI ui = null; mDicUI.TryGetValue(cmd.uiName, out ui); if (ui != null) { ui.Hide(); } } #endregion #region 删除UI /// <summary> /// 删除UI /// </summary> /// <param name="uiName">UI名称</param> public void DestroyUI(string uiName) { cmdList.Add(Command.DestroyCmd(uiName)); } private void _DestroyUI(Command cmd) { BaseUI ui = null; mDicUI.TryGetValue(cmd.uiName, out ui); if (ui != null) { mDicUI.Remove(ui.UIName); Destroy(ui.CacheGameObject); } } #endregion
在Update中执行操作命令
void Update() { if (cmdList.Count > 0) { Command tempCmd = null; tempCmd = cmdList[0]; if (tempCmd == null) { cmdList.RemoveAt(0); } else { switch(tempCmd.cmdType) { case Command.CmdType.CreateAndShow: _Create(tempCmd); break; case Command.CmdType.Create: _Create(tempCmd); break; case Command.CmdType.Destroy: _DestroyUI(tempCmd); break; case Command.CmdType.Hide: _HideUI(tempCmd); break; case Command.CmdType.Show: _ShowUI(tempCmd); break; } cmdList.RemoveAt(0); } } }
资源加载完成后的回调
/// <summary> /// UI资源加载完成的回调 /// </summary> public class LoadResFinish : IResLoadListener { /// <summary> /// 命令 /// </summary> public Command cmd; public LoadResFinish(Command _cmd) { cmd = _cmd; } public void Finish(object asset) { if (cmd == null) { return; } GameObject go = Instantiate<GameObject>(asset as GameObject); go.SetActive(false); BaseUI ui = go.AddComponent(cmd.type) as BaseUI; ui.UIName = cmd.uiName; go.gameObject.name = ui.UIName; ui.CacheTransform.SetParent(UIMgr.Instance.UIROOT, false); UIMgr.Instance.AddUI(ui); if (cmd.cmdType == Command.CmdType.CreateAndShow) { UIMgr.Instance.ShowUI(cmd.uiName, cmd.type, cmd.listener, cmd.param, cmd.createCanCall); } else if (cmd.createCanCall && cmd.listener != null) { cmd.listener.FiniSh(ui); } ui.UIInit(); } public void Failure() { if (cmd.createCanCall && cmd.listener != null) { cmd.listener.Failure(); } } }