shp图层创建

主要是使用IField，IFieldEdit，IFields，IFieldsEdit，IGeometryDef，IGeometryDefEdit接口。

字段对应表中的一列，一个要素类必须有至少2个字段，而多个字段的集合就构成了字段集。在要素类中，有一个特殊的字段，描述了空间对象，我们称之为几何字段，其中GeometryDef是用来设计几何字段的。这个几何字段定义了要素类的类型，比如说我们要在Catalog创建一个点要素类，那么我们必须指定他的类型为Point，如下图：

而上面这6个接口，其实是三类，以Edit结尾的接口是可写的，也就是说对字段，字段集合，以及几何字段的编辑都是通过后者完成的。空间数据的一个重要属性就是参考系，参考系也是在GeometryDef中定义的。

注意在.NET中，会遇到以“_2”结尾的属性，这些属性是可写的。

参考1

//定义一个几何字段，类型为点类型
ISpatialReference pSpatialReference = axMapControl1.ActiveView.FocusMap.SpatialReference;
IGeometryDefEdit pGeoDef = new GeometryDefClass();
IGeometryDefEdit pGeoDefEdit = pGeoDef as IGeometryDefEdit;
pGeoDefEdit.GeometryType_2 = esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPoint;
pGeoDefEdit.SpatialReference_2 = pSpatialReference;
//定义一个字段集合对象
IFields pFields = new FieldsClass();
IFieldsEdit pFieldsEdit = (IFieldsEdit)pFields;
//定义单个的字段
IField pField = new FieldClass();
IFieldEdit pFieldEdit = (IFieldEdit)pField;
pFieldEdit.Name_2 = "SHAPE";
pFieldEdit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeGeometry;
pFieldsEdit.AddField(pField);
pFieldEdit.GeometryDef_2 = pGeoDef;
//定义单个的字段，并添加到字段集合中
pField = new FieldClass();
pFieldEdit = (IFieldEdit)pField;
pFieldEdit.Name_2 = "STCD";
pFieldEdit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeString;
pFieldsEdit.AddField(pField);
//定义单个的字段，并添加到字段集合中
pField = new FieldClass();
pFieldEdit = (IFieldEdit)pField;
pFieldEdit.Name_2 = "SLM10";
pFieldEdit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeString;
pFieldsEdit.AddField(pField);
//定义单个的字段，并添加到字段集合中
pField = new FieldClass();
pFieldEdit = (IFieldEdit)pField;
pFieldEdit.Name_2 = "SLM20";
pFieldEdit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeString;
pFieldsEdit.AddField(pField);

//定义单个的字段，并添加到字段集合中
pField = new FieldClass();
pFieldEdit = (IFieldEdit)pField;
pFieldEdit.Name_2 = "SLM40";
pFieldEdit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeString;
pFieldsEdit.AddField(pField);


IWorkspaceFactory pFtWsFct = new AccessWorkspaceFactory();
IFeatureWorkspace pWs = pFtWsFct.OpenFromFile(@"E:arcgisEngines.mdb"， 0) as IFeatureWorkspace; 
IFeatureClass pFtClass = pWs.CreateFeatureClass("Test"， pFields， null， null， esriFeatureType.esriFTSimple， "SHAPE"， null)

如何改变字段的别名

public void ChangeFieldAliasName(ITable pTable， string pOriFieldName， string pDesFieldName)
{
IClassSchemaEdit pClassSchemaEdit = (IClassSchemaEdit)pTable;
//给对象加上锁
ISchemaLock pSchemaLock = (ISchemaLock)pTable;
pSchemaLock.ChangeSchemaLock(esriSchemaLock.esriExclusiveSchemaLock);
if (pTable.FindField(pOriFieldName) != -1)
{
pClassSchemaEdit.AlterFieldAliasName(pOriFieldName， pDesFieldName);
pSchemaLock.ChangeSchemaLock(esriSchemaLock.esriSharedSchemaLock);
}
else
{
return;
}
}

参考2

IFields pFields = new FieldsClass();
IFieldsEdit pFieldsEdit = pFields as IFieldsEdit;
IField pField = new FieldClass();
IFieldEdit pFieldEdit = pField as IFieldEdit;
 
pFieldEdit.Name_2 = "shape";
pFieldEdit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeGeometry;
 
IGeometryDef pGeometryDef = new GeometryDefClass();
IGeometryDefEdit pGeoDefEdit = pGeometryDef as IGeometryDefEdit;
pGeoDefEdit.GeometryType_2 = esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolygon;
pGeoDefEdit.SpatialReference_2 = axMapControl1.SpatialReference;
 
pFieldEdit.GeometryDef_2 = pGeometryDef;
pFieldsEdit.AddField(pField);
 
pField = new FieldClass();
pFieldEdit = pField as IFieldEdit;
pFieldEdit.Length_2 = 10;
pFieldEdit.Name_2 = "CODE";
pFieldEdit.AliasName_2 = "CODE";
pFieldEdit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeString;
 
pFieldsEdit.AddField(pField);
 
String MapPath = @"E:data
esult";
String LayerName = "AddFeature";
 

IWorkspaceFactory pWsf = new ShapefileWorkspaceFactory();
IFeatureWorkspace pFws=pWsf.OpenFromFile(MapPath,0) as IFeatureWorkspace;
IFeatureClass pFeatureClass=pFws.CreateFeatureClass(LayerName + ".shp", pFields, null, null, esriFeatureType.esriFTSimple, "shape", "");

生成新的shapefile

新建shapefile,自定义字段，路径自定义。
在文件里加入POLYGON，自定义字段值

IDataset pDataset = (IDataset)pFeatureClass;
pFws = (IFeatureWorkspace)pDataset.Workspace;
IWorkspaceEdit pWorkspaceEdit = (IWorkspaceEdit)pFws;
pWorkspaceEdit.StartEditing(true);
pWorkspaceEdit.StartEditOperation();

IFeatureBuffer pFeatureBuffer = pFeatureClass.CreateFeatureBuffer();
//Create insert Feature Cursor using buffering = true.
IFeatureCursor pFeatCursor = pFeatureClass.Insert(true);

object featureOID;
//定义新加元素的值
pFeatureBuffer.set_Value(pFeatureBuffer.Fields.FindField("CODE"),"CODE");

//生成Polygon**********************************************************
IPolygon poly = new PolygonClass();
IPoint pPoint = new PointClass();


object o = Type.Missing;
IPointCollection pPc = new MultipointClass();
pPc = (IPointCollection)poly;

for (int i = 0; i <= 0; i++ )
{
    pPoint.PutCoords(200, 400);
    pPc.AddPoint(pPoint, ref o, ref o);

    pPoint.PutCoords(400, 400);
    pPc.AddPoint(pPoint, ref o, ref o);

    pPoint.PutCoords(400, 200);
    pPc.AddPoint(pPoint, ref o, ref o);

    pPoint.PutCoords(200, 200);
    pPc.AddPoint(pPoint, ref o, ref o);
}

//生成完毕  ************************************************************

pFeatureBuffer.Shape = poly;
featureOID = pFeatCursor.InsertFeature(pFeatureBuffer);

//Flush the feature cursor to the database       
//Calling flush allows you to handle any errors at a known time rather then on the cursor destruction.
pFeatCursor.Flush();

pWorkspaceEdit.StopEditOperation();
pWorkspaceEdit.StopEditing(true);

//释放Cursor
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(pFeatCursor);
axMapControl1.AddShapeFile(MapPath,LayerName+".shp");

自定义字段值，并添加要素

参考文章

爱神之剑， shp图层创建

duckweeds，新建shapefile,自定义字段，新加入记录