rbac

一、模板继承

知识点：

users.html / roles.html 继承自 base.html
滑动时，固定
    position: fixed;top:60px;bottom:0;left:0;200px;
    overflow: auto;

base.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>base</title>
    <!-- 最新版本的 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <style type="text/css">
        *{padding: 0;margin: 0;}
        .header{width: 100%; height: 60px;background-color: #336699;}
        .menu{background-color: bisque; position: fixed; top:60px;bottom: 0;left: 0; width: 200px;}
        .content{ position: fixed;top: 60px;bottom: 0; right: 0; left: 200px;overflow: auto;padding: 20px;}

    </style>

</head>
<body>

<div class="header">
<p>{{ user.name }}</p>
</div>

<div class="container">
    <div class="menu">
        menu
    </div>

    <div class="content">
        {% block con %}

        {% endblock con%}
    </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

users.html

{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block con %}
<h4>用户列表</h4>
    {% for user in user_list %}
    <p>{{ user }}</p>
    {% endfor %}
    
{% endblock con%}

二、table

知识点：

{% for user in user_list %}
    <tr>
        <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
        <td>{{ user.name }}</td>
        <td>
            {% for role in user.roles.all %}
            　　{{ role.title }}
            {% endfor %}
        </td>
        <td>
            <a href="" class="btn btn-danger">删除</a>
            <a href="" class="btn btn-warning">编辑</a>
        </td>
    </tr>
{% endfor %}

users.html

{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block con %}
    <h4>用户列表</h4>
    <a href="" class="btn btn-primary">添加</a>
    <table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>序号</th>
                <th>姓名</th>
                <th>角色</th>
                <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        {% for user in user_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.name }}</td>
                <td>
                    {% for role in user.roles.all %}
                    {{ role.title }}
                    {% endfor %}
                </td>
                <td>
                    <a href="" class="btn btn-danger">删除</a>
                    <a href="" class="btn btn-warning">编辑</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}

        </tbody>

    </table>

{% endblock con%}

三、权限不同（按钮 。。。）

用户权限不同，按钮显示就不同！ 
登录成功后，就已经注册了session
    request.session['permission_list'] = permission_list    

permission_list = request.session.get('permission_list')

0.    
    {% if "/users/add/" in permission_list %}
        <a href="/users/add/" class="btn btn-primary">添加</a>
    {% endif %}
    
    {% if '/users/delete/(d+)/' in permission_list %}
        <a href="/users/delete/{{ user.pk }}/" class="btn btn-danger">删除</a>
    {% endif %}

BUT: 不好，不想让 if "/users/add/" 写死，会有 "/roles/add/" 情况，不健壮！怎么办？ 
     不应该根据表名，去判断！！ 
权限不同，按钮显示就不同 如何做呢？    
上面问题的解决办法：
　　为了扩展，
　　# 把两条线 合成一个线
    　　/users/..
　　    /roles/...  

1.修改表结构 
class Permission(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    url = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    
    # 标记出行为
    action = models.CharField(max_length=32, default="")

    group = models.ForeignKey('PermissionGroup', default=1, on_delete=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

class PermissionGroup(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

makemigrations 
migrate

注意点：
    加了一个权限组表，
    将每张表的增删改查，划到一个组里面！
    无论多复杂的，最终一定是对数据库的（增删改查） 
    
    修改表结构，重新处理中间件，登录页面：
    目的：全是为了按钮的粒度，同一个模板，同一个视图，
          显示不同的数据，权限

models.py

from django.db import models

class User(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    pwd = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    roles = models.ManyToManyField(to='Role')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Role(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    permission = models.ManyToManyField(to='Permission')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

class Permission(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    url = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    # 标记出行为
    action = models.CharField(max_length=32, default="")

    group = models.ForeignKey('PermissionGroup', default=1, on_delete=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

class PermissionGroup(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title
2.admin 修改

注意：list_display = []

admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import *

class PerConfig(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ['title','url','group','action']

admin.site.register(User)
admin.site.register(Role)
admin.site.register(Permission,PerConfig)
admin.site.register(PermissionGroup)

3.登录之后，重写 initial_session(user,request)
就是：
    # 在session中注册权限列表   用户权限
    # request.session['permission_list'] = permission_list
        
    不应该是list 而是dict
        
    # 在session中注册权限字典  
    request.session['permission_dict'] = permission_dict

　注意点：

permission = user.roles.all().values('permission__url', 'permission__group_id', 'permission__action').distinct()

　　对数据的处理，以组为键





{1: {'urls': ['/users/', '/users/add/', '/users/delete/(\d+)/', '/users/edit/(\d+)/'], 
     'actions': ['list', 'add', 'delete', 'edit']}, 
 2: {'urls': ['/roles/'], 
     'actions': ['list']}}





permission.py




# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

def initial_session(user, request):
    # 方案一
    # permission = user.roles.all().values('permission__url').distinct()
    # # print(permission)
    # # 去重后的  所有权限！！ 将权限 存在 session 中！！
    # # <QuerySet [{'permission__url': '/users/'}, {'permission__url': '/users/add'}]>
    #
    # permission_list = []
    # for item in permission:
    #     permission_list.append(item['permission__url'])
    #
    # print(permission_list)  # ['/users/', '/users/add']
    #
    # # 在session中注册权限列表   用户权限
    # request.session['permission_list'] = permission_list

    # 方案二
    permission = user.roles.all().values('permission__url', 'permission__group_id', 'permission__action').distinct()

    print('permission:', permission)

    # permission: <QuerySet [
    # {'permission__url': '/users/',
    # 'permission__group_id': 1,
    # 'permission__action': 'list'},

    # {'permission__url': '/users/add/',
    # 'permission__group_id': 1,
    # 'permission__action': 'add'},

    # {'permission__url': '/users/delete/(\d+)/',
    # 'permission__group_id': 1,
    # 'permission__action': 'delete'},

    # {'permission__url': '/users/edit/(\d+)/',
    # 'permission__group_id': 1,
    # 'permission__action': 'edit'}]>

    # {'permission__url': 'roles/',
    # 'permission__group_id': 2,
    # 'permission__action': 'list'}]>

    # 处理数据 ： 以组为键
    """
    1:{
        "url":['/users/','/users/add','/users/delete/(\d+)/','/users/edit/(\d+)']
        "action":['list','add','delete','edit']
    }

    2：{
        "url":['/roles/']
        "action":['list']  
    }


    """

    permission_dict = {}
    for item in permission:
        gid = item.get('permission__group_id')
        url = item.get('permission__url')
        action = item.get('permission__action')

        if not gid in permission_dict.keys():
            permission_dict[gid] = {
                "urls": [url, ],
                "actions": [action, ]
            }

        else:
            permission_dict[gid]['urls'].append(url)
            permission_dict[gid]['actions'].append(action)

    print(permission_dict)
    """
    {1: {'urls': ['/users/', '/users/add/', '/users/delete/(\d+)/', '/users/edit/(\d+)/'], 
        'actions': ['list', 'add', 'delete', 'edit']}, 
    2: {'urls': ['/roles/'], 
        'actions': ['list']}}
    """

    # 注册session
    # # 在session中注册权限字典   用户权限

    request.session['permission_dict'] = permission_dict





4.重写中间件
    校验权限
     
    # 注意：妙 ！！
    request.actions = item["actions"]
    
rbac.py




# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse, render, redirect
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
import re

class ValidPermission(MiddlewareMixin):

    def process_request(self,request):

        current_path = request.path_info

        # 白名单，不需要任何权限的url
        valid_url_list = ['/login/', '/reg/', '/admin/.*']

        for valid_url in valid_url_list:
            ret = re.match(valid_url, current_path)
            if ret:
                return

        # 校验是否登录
        user_id = request.session.get('user_id')
        if not user_id:
            return redirect('/login/')

        # # 校验权限 1
        # permission_list = request.session.get('permission_list',[])
        #
        # flag = False
        # for permission in permission_list:
        #     # ['/users/', '/users/add/', '/users/edit/(\d+)/', '/users/delete/(\d+)/']
        #     # 需要 ^ $ 限定！！
        #     permission = "^%s$" % permission
        #
        #     ret = re.match(permission, current_path)
        #     if ret:
        #         flag = True
        #         break
        #
        # if not flag:
        #     return HttpResponse('无访问权限！')

        # 校验权限 2 permission_dict
        permission_dict = request.session.get('permission_dict')
        for item in permission_dict.values():
            urls = item['urls']
            for reg in urls:
                reg = "^%s$" % reg
                ret = re.match(reg, current_path)
                if ret:
                    print("action", item['actions'])

                    # 注意：妙 ！！
                    request.actions = item["actions"]

                    return

        return HttpResponse('无权访问')


"""
permission_dict:

{1: {'urls': ['/users/', '/users/add/', '/users/delete/(\d+)/', '/users/edit/(\d+)/'], 
    'actions': ['list', 'add', 'delete', 'edit']}, 
2: {'urls': ['/roles/'], 
    'actions': ['list']}}

"""





5.重写users()视图，以及users.html
    
    1.也可以实现：
        {% if "add" in request.actions %}
            <a href="/users/add/" class="btn btn-primary">添加</a>
        {% endif %}
        
    BUT： 还可以更好：用类来实现！！
    
        {% if per.add %}
            <a href="/users/add/" class="btn btn-primary">添加</a>
        {% endif %}
        
        {% if per.delete %}
             <a href="" class="btn btn-danger">删除</a>
        {% endif %}        
        -------
        per = Per(request.actions)
        
        class Per(object):
            def __init__(self,actions):
                self.actions = actions
        
            def add(self):
                return "add" in self.actions
        
            def delete(self):
                return "delete" in self.actions
        
            def edit(self):
                return "edit" in self.actions
        
            def list(self):
                return "list" in self.actions

views.py




from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
import re

from rbac.models import *
from rbac.service.permission import initial_session

class Per(object):
    def __init__(self,actions):
        self.actions = actions

    def add(self):
        return "add" in self.actions

    def delete(self):
        return "delete" in self.actions

    def edit(self):
        return "edit" in self.actions

    def list(self):
        return "list" in self.actions



def users(request):
    user_list = User.objects.all()

    user_id = request.session.get('user_id')
    user = User.objects.filter(id=user_id).first()

    per = Per(request.actions)

    return render(request,'users.html',locals())





users.html




{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block con %}
    <h4>用户列表</h4>

{#    {% if "/users/add/" in permission_list %}#}
{#    {% if "add" in request.actions %}#}
    {% if per.add %}
        <a href="/users/add/" class="btn btn-primary">添加</a>
    {% endif %}

    <table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>序号</th>
                <th>姓名</th>
                <th>角色</th>
                <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        {% for user in user_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.name }}</td>
                <td>
                    {% for role in user.roles.all %}
                    {{ role.title }}
                    {% endfor %}
                </td>
                <td>
                    {% if per.delete %}
                         <a href="" class="btn btn-danger">删除</a>
                    {% endif %}
                    {% if per.edit %}
                        <a href="" class="btn btn-warning">编辑</a>
                    {% endif %}
                </td>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}

        </tbody>

    </table>

{% endblock con%}




四、效果


不同的用户，具有不同的权限，


权限不同，显示的按钮就不同！！











权限粒度控制

简单控制：
    {% if "users/add" in permissions_list%}

摆脱表控制

更改数据库结构
    class Permission(models.Model):
        title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
        url=models.CharField(max_length=32)

        action=models.CharField(max_length=32,default="")
        group=models.ForeignKey("PermissionGroup",default=1)
        def __str__(self):return self.title

    class PermissionGroup(models.Model):
        title = models.CharField(max_length=32)

        def __str__(self): return self.title

登录验证：
    permissions = user.roles.all().values("permissions__url","permissions__group_id","permissions__action").distinct()

    构建permission_dict

        permissions：
            [

             {'permissions__url': '/users/add/',
             'permissions__group_id': 1,
             'permissions__action': 'add'},

             {'permissions__url': '/roles/',
             'permissions__group_id': 2,
             'permissions__action': 'list'},

             {'permissions__url': '/users/delete/(\d+)',
             'permissions__group_id': 1,
             'permissions__action': 'delete'},

             {'permissions__url': 'users/edit/(\d+)',
             'permissions__group_id': 1,
             'permissions__action': 'edit'}
             ]

        permission_dict
             {

             1: {
             'urls': ['/users/', '/users/add/', '/users/delete/(\d+)', 'users/edit/(\d+)'],
             'actions': ['list', 'add', 'delete', 'edit']},

             2: {
             'urls': ['/roles/'],
             'actions': ['list']}

             }

中间件校验权限：
    permission_dict=request.session.get("permission_dict")

    for item in permission_dict.values():
          urls=item['urls']
          for reg in urls:
              reg="^%s$"%reg
              ret=re.match(reg,current_path)
              if ret:
                  print("actions",item['actions'])
                  request.actions=item['actions']
                  return None

    return HttpResponse("没有访问权限！")

思考：
    菜单权限显示



笔记


五、权限不同（菜单。。。）


权限不同，菜单栏不同

只有查看，有必要放到菜单栏！
    即：action == list  放到 菜单栏中

1.用户登录后，在initial_session中，注册菜单权限
    
    注意：permission__group__title 还可以这样用，跨了3张表！！
    
    permissions = user.roles.all().values('permission__url', 'permission__action',
                                      'permission__group__title').distinct()

    menu_permission_list = []
    for item in permissions:
        if item['permission__action'] == 'list':
            menu_permission_list.append((item['permission__url'], item['permission__group__title']))

    print(menu_permission_list)
    # [('/users/', '用户管理'), ('/roles/', '角色管理')]

    request.session['menu_permission_list'] = menu_permission_list


2.menu
    menu_permission_list = request.session.get('menu_permission_list')
    
    base.html
    {% for item in menu_permission_list %}
        <p class="menu_btn"><a href="{{ item.0 }}">{{ item.1 }}</a></p>
    {% endfor %}
    
    可以实现，菜单显示！但是不行，为什么？
    
    因为模板继承，只继承样式，不继承数据！所有需要用到 自定义标签（inclusion_tag）
    
3.自定义标签（inclusion_tag）
    rbac/templatetags/my_tags.py
        from django import template
        register = template.Library()
        
        @register.inclusion_tag('menu.html')
        def get_menu(request):
            # 获取当前用户,应该放到菜单栏的权限
            menu_permission_list = request.session.get('menu_permission_list')
        
            return {'menu_permission_list':menu_permission_list}

    menu.html:
        <div>
            {% for item in menu_permission_list %}
                <p class="menu_btn"><a href="{{ item.0 }}">{{ item.1 }}</a></p>
            {% endfor %}
        
        </div>
    
    base.html
        {% load my_tags %}
        <div class="menu">
            {% get_menu request %}
        </div>


4.包...建在哪个App
    属于权限的就建在rbac的APP里，因为rpac最后是可插拔的组件！！
    
    users.html / roles.html / base.html / menu.html 
    是和权限相关的，所以应该放在 rbac/templates/... 方便以后copy走！！
    
    djangod的render去渲染 .html 时，先到项目的 templates 下找，找不到，再到App下 templates 下找，
    最后找不到，才报错！！
    
    如果多个App的templates 下的.html重名怎么办？ django 会根据注册的顺序显示！
    解决办法：
        项目/rbac/templates/rbac/xxx.html
            
        这时调用：
        return render(request, 'rbac/users.html', locals())
        
    注意：
        templates 或者 templatetag 注意多个app下面 的文件名 有可能都会重名！！
        办法:就是 eg:/rbac/templates/rbac/xxx.html 或者不起重名
        
    注意：
        如果 base.html 在项目下有，在App下有，先找项目下的，找不到才找App
        全局可以覆盖局部的！！


六、效果


用户的权限不同，


显示的菜单栏，就不同，


按钮也不同





七、路径自动添加




知识点：路径自动添加问题：
    http://127.0.0.1:8010/users
    http://127.0.0.1:8010/users/ 
    
    浏览器发请求：
    django 发现之后，发了一个重定向的 url 加了一个 / 
    所有才能匹配上：
    path('users/', views.users),
    
    如何让django不给浏览器发重定向，不加 / 
    配置：
        APPEND_SLASH = False
    
    APPEND_SLASH = True  # 默认为 True        
        
    ajax 也是，django会默认的加 / 发重定向




八、rbac_code


原始版 


https://github.com/alice-bj/rbac_pro_0




        

	      

	    

	  

	  

	    
      
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          原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/alice-bj/p/9173372.html