微信开发者中心

申请到自己的公众号以及有了自己的服务器后，可以编写并配置自己的微信开发接口.

如果没有服务器，可以去搜索小米球，作为临时学习用。非常方便。

在django里面定义处理微信访问的视图

@csrf_exempt
def wechatindex(request):
    wechatObj = wechatCallbackapiTest(request)
    if request.GET.get('echostr',None):
        echostr = wechatObj.valid()
        return HttpResponse(echostr)
    else:
        #POST
        print(request.body)
        result = wechatObj.responseMsg()
        print(result)
        return HttpResponse(result)

微信访问的url都带有 timestamp, signature, nonce 等微信验证需要的参数

    def _checkSignature(self):
        signature = self.request.GET['signature']
        timestamp = self.request.GET['timestamp']
        nonce = self.request.GET['nonce']
        list = [TOKEN,timestamp,nonce]
        list.sort()
        sha1 = hashlib.sha1()
        sha1.update(list[0].encode('utf-8'))
        sha1.update(list[1].encode('utf-8'))
        sha1.update(list[2].encode('utf-8'))
        hashcode = sha1.hexdigest()
        print('hashcode:' + hashcode)
        print('signature:' + signature)
        if hashcode == signature:
            return True
        else:
            return False

 def valid(self):
        echoStr = self.request.GET['echostr']
        if self._checkSignature():
            return echoStr #验证成功的话，要返回 echoStr到微信公众平台
        else:
            return ''

解析用户发送的消息。用户post的消息存在 request.body里面

 def _parseMsg(self,xmlbody):
        '''解析用户发送的消息'''
        try:
            xmlData = ET.fromstring(xmlbody)
            msg ={}
            msg['ToUserName'] = xmlData.find('ToUserName').text
            msg['FromUserName'] = xmlData.find('FromUserName').text
            msg['CreateTime'] = xmlData.find('CreateTime').text
            msg['MsgType'] = xmlData.find('MsgType').text
            msg['MsgId'] = xmlData.find('MsgId').text
            if msg['MsgType']  == 'text':
                msg['Content'] = xmlData.find('Content').text
            elif msg['MsgType']  == 'image':
                msg['PicUrl'] = xmlData.find('PicUrl').text
                msg['MediaId'] = xmlData.find('MediaId').text
            elif msg['MsgType']  == 'voice':
                msg['MediaId'] = xmlData.find('MediaId').text
                msg['Format'] = xmlData.find('Format').text
                msg['Recognition'] = xmlData.find('Recognition').text
            elif msg['MsgType']  == 'video':
                msg['MediaId'] = xmlData.find('MediaId').text
                msg['ThumbMediaId'] = xmlData.find('ThumbMediaId').text
            elif msg['MsgType']  == 'location':
                msg['MediaId'] = xmlData.find('MediaId').text
                msg['Location_X'] = xmlData.find('Location_X').text  # 地理位置消息
                msg['Location_Y'] = xmlData.find('Location_Y').text
                msg['Scale'] = xmlData.find('Scale').text
                msg['Label'] = xmlData.find('Label').text
            elif msg['MsgType']  == 'link':
                msg['Title'] = xmlData.find('Title').text
                msg['Description'] = xmlData.find('Description').text
                msg['Url'] = xmlData.find('Url').text

            return msg
        except Exception as e:
            raise  e

公众号回复用户消息的简单示例：

 def responseMsg(self):
        if self.request.body !='':
            postObj = self._parseMsg(self.request.body)
            keyword = postObj['Content']
            textTpl = '''
            <xml>
<ToUserName><![CDATA[{0}]]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><![CDATA[{1}]]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>{2}</CreateTime>
<MsgType><![CDATA[{3}]]></MsgType>
<Content><![CDATA[{4}]]></Content>
</xml>
            '''
            if keyword == '?' or keyword == '？':
                result = textTpl.format(postObj['FromUserName'],
                                        postObj['ToUserName'],
                                        int(time.time()),
                                        'text',
                                        time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime())
                                        )
                return result
            else:
                return ''