责任链设计模式

责任链模式(Chain of Responsibility Pattern)为请求创建了一个接收者对象的链。这种模式给予请求的类型,对请求的发送者和接收者进行解耦。这种类型的设计模式属于行为型模式。

在这种模式中,通常每个接收者都包含对另一个接收者的引用。如果一个对象不能处理该请求,那么它会把相同的请求传给下一个接收者,依此类推。

通过以下一个场景,以代码的形式进行说明责任链的实现

人物:

员工(Staff):小明、组长(GroupLeader):李磊、课长(Charge):张越、部长(minister):任盈盈、总经理(Manager):令狐冲

职位关系:

员工<组长<课长<部长

情景:

小明刚认识了一个女孩(菜花),想请假找她玩,以增进和她的感情。

请假流程:

请假8小时以内,组长可以决定,超过8小时则需要课长审批,

请假16小时以内,课长可以决定,超过16小时则需要部长审批,

 请假24小时以内,部长可以决定,超过24小时则需要总经理审批,

 请假32小时以内,总经理可以决定,超过32小时审批不通过

开始:

打开VS,新建控制台应用程序,添加申请请假单类:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DesignConsoleApp1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 请假申请单
    /// </summary>
  public  class ApplyContext
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 请假人
        /// </summary>
        public String Name { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 请假小时数
        /// </summary>
        public int Hour { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 审核是否通过
        /// </summary>
        public Boolean IsAuditing { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 审核建议
        /// </summary>
        public String Opinion { get; set; }
    }
}
请假申请单

添加审核基类(抽象类)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DesignConsoleApp1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 审核基类
    /// </summary>
  public abstract class BaseAuditor
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 审核人
        /// </summary>
        public String Name { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 这个很关键,代表下一个审核人
        /// </summary>
        public BaseAuditor _nextAuditor { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置下一个审核人
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="baseAuditor"></param>
        public void setNextAuditor(BaseAuditor baseAuditor) {
            this._nextAuditor = baseAuditor;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 审核方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="applyContext"></param>
        public abstract void auditor(ApplyContext applyContext);
        //员工(Staff):小明、组长(GroupLeader):李磊、课长(Charge):张越、部长(minister):任盈盈、总经理(Manager):令狐冲
    }
}
审核基类(抽象类)

添加组长(GroupLeader),继承审核基类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DesignConsoleApp1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 组长类
    /// </summary>
    public class GroupLeader : BaseAuditor
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 实现基类的抽象审核方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="applyContext"></param>
        public override void auditor(ApplyContext applyContext)
        {
            if (applyContext.Hour <= 8)
            {
                applyContext.Opinion += "

;" + base.Name + "组长审核通过";
            }
            else {
                if (base._nextAuditor != null)
                {
                    base._nextAuditor.auditor(applyContext);
                }
                else {
                    applyContext.Opinion += "

;" + base.Name + "组长审核没有通过,理由:时间太长";
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
组长类(GroupLeader )

课长(Charge)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DesignConsoleApp1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 课长类
    /// </summary>
    public class Charge : BaseAuditor
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 实现基类的抽象审核方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="applyContext"></param>
        public override void auditor(ApplyContext applyContext)
        {
            if (applyContext.Hour <=16 )
            {
                applyContext.Opinion += "

;" + base.Name + "课长审核通过";
            }
            else {
                if (base._nextAuditor != null)
                {
                    base._nextAuditor.auditor(applyContext);
                }
                else {
                    applyContext.Opinion += "

;" + base.Name + "课长审核没有通过,理由:时间太长";
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
课长(Charge)

部长(minister)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DesignConsoleApp1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 部长类
    /// </summary>
    public class Minister : BaseAuditor
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 实现基类的抽象审核方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="applyContext"></param>
        public override void auditor(ApplyContext applyContext)
        {
            if (applyContext.Hour <= 8)
            {
                applyContext.Opinion += "

;" + base.Name + "部长审核通过";
            }
            else {
                if (base._nextAuditor != null)
                {
                    base._nextAuditor.auditor(applyContext);
                }
                else {
                    applyContext.Opinion += "

;" + base.Name + "部长审核没有通过,理由:时间太长";
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
部长(minister)

总经理(Manager)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DesignConsoleApp1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 总经理类
    /// </summary>
    public class Manager : BaseAuditor
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 实现基类的抽象审核方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="applyContext"></param>
        public override void auditor(ApplyContext applyContext)
        {
            if (applyContext.Hour <= 8)
            {
                applyContext.Opinion += "

;" + base.Name + "总经理审核通过";
            }
            else {
                if (base._nextAuditor != null)
                {
                    base._nextAuditor.auditor(applyContext);
                }
                else {
                    applyContext.Opinion += "

;" + base.Name + "总经理审核没有通过,理由:时间太长";
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
总经理(Manager)

层级关系类,职位人员的创建及职位关系的建立

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DesignConsoleApp1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 层级关系类,职位人员的创建及职位关系的建立
    /// </summary>
   public class Relationship
    {
        private static BaseAuditor baseAuditor;
        static Relationship() {
            Manager manager = new Manager() {
                Name="令狐冲"
            };
            Minister minister = new Minister()
            {
                Name = "任盈盈",
            };
            Charge charge = new Charge() { Name="张越"};
            GroupLeader groupLeader = new GroupLeader() {
                Name = "小明"
            };
            //设置上下级关系
            groupLeader.setNextAuditor(charge);
            charge.setNextAuditor(minister);
            minister.setNextAuditor(manager);
            baseAuditor = groupLeader;
        }
        public static BaseAuditor getBaseAuditor() {
            return baseAuditor;
        }
    }
}
层次关系类

 请假情景开始:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DesignConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            bool bo = true;
            ApplyContext applyContext = new ApplyContext() {
                Name="小明",
                Opinion= "请假理由:为了祖国下一代,约个妹子谈恋爱

"
            };
            BaseAuditor baseAuditor = Relationship.getBaseAuditor();
            while (bo) {
                Console.WriteLine("请输入大于0的请假小时数,0或者非数字会退出");
                try
                {
                    applyContext.Hour= int.Parse( Console.ReadLine());
                    //审核
                    baseAuditor.auditor(applyContext);
                    if (applyContext.IsAuditing) {
                        Console.WriteLine(applyContext.Opinion + "

打电话给胖妞,亲爱的胖妞,我的请假通过了

胖妞说:好的,我给你做你最喜欢吃的酸菜");
                    } else {
                        Console.WriteLine(applyContext.Opinion + "

打电话给胖妞,胖妞,我的请假没有通过了

胖妞说:你可以请假时间短一点,你再试试");
                    }
                    applyContext.Opinion = "";
                    Console.WriteLine("=================================");
                }
                catch (Exception ex) {

                    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                    bo = false;
                }
            }
            Console.Read();
        }
    }
}
请假情景开始

 

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Torey/p/9650689.html