Oracle问题之ORA-12560TNS:协议适配器错误

一、造成ORA-12560: TNS: 协议适配器错误的问题的原因有三个：

 1.监听服务没有起起来。windows平台个一如下操作：开始---程序---管理工具---服务，打开服务面板，
 
　　启动OracleOraDb11g_home1TNSlistener服务。



 2.database instance没有起起来。windows平台如下操作：开始---程序---管理工具---服务，打开服务
 
　　面板，启动OracleServiceBOOKSALES,  BOOKSALES就是你的database SID

 3.注册表问题。regedit，然后进入HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREORACLEHOME

　　将该环境变量ORACLE_SID设置为XXXX, XXXX就是你的database SID.



　　或者右击我的电脑，属性--高级--环境变量---系统变量--新建，变量名=oracle_sid,变量值=XXXX, XXXX就是你的database SID.

　　或者进入sqlplus前，在command line下输 set oracle_sid=XXXX, XXXX就是你的database SID.

 　 经过以上步骤，一般就可以解决问题。

二、如果还没有解决的话则会遇到以下问题：

1、执行请求的操作时遇到错误:

IO 错误: The Network Adapter could not establish the connection

供应商代码 17002

2、执行请求的操作时遇到错误:

Listener refused the connection with the following error:
ORA-12514, TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor

供应商代码 12514


三、解决方法如下：

　　假如只有一个数据库的话：

　　1、找到如下路径：

　　　　D:installoracleoracle-installproduct11.2.0dbhome_1NETWORKADMIN



　　2、将文件中的内容修改如下，当然要结合自己的实际情况做简单修改：

　　　　　//listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: D:installoracleoracle-installproduct11.2.0dbhome_1
etworkadminlistener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = D:installoracleoracle-installproduct11.2.0dbhome_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
      (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:D:installoracleoracle-installproduct11.2.0dbhome_1inoraclr11.dll")
    )
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = BOOKSALES)
      (ORACLE_HOME = D:installoracleoracle-installproduct11.2.0dbhome_1)
   (GLOBAL_DBNAME = BOOKSALES)
 )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.100)(PORT = 1521))
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = acer)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = D:installoracleoracle-install

　　　　　//sqlnet.ora　　　　

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: D:installoracleoracle-installproduct11.2.0dbhome_1
etworkadminsqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to 
# install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native 
# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

　　　　　//tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: D:installoracleoracle-installproduct11.2.0dbhome_1
etworkadmin	nsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

BOOKSALES =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.100)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = BOOKSALES)
    )
  )

　　　3、重新启动 tnslistener

　　　4、测试的时候要注意修改对应数据库的用户名和密码

　　　　Oracle SQL Developer连接的时候也要注意用对应的用户名和密码

执行请求的操作时遇到错误:

IO 错误: The Network Adapter could not establish the connection

供应商代码 17002

执行请求的操作时遇到错误:

Listener refused the connection with the following error:
ORA-12514, TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor

供应商代码 12514

也是按照上面修改配置文件