【luogu P4074】【ybt金牌导航6-4-3】糖果公园(带修莫队)(树上莫队)

糖果公园

题目链接:luogu P4074 / ybt金牌导航6-4-3

题目大意

给你一棵树,树上点有颜色,颜色有权值,然后还给出新鲜度。
然后有一些操作,可能是修改一个点的颜色,可能是给你一条路径,问你路径的分数。
路径的分数是按顺序经过点,每个点给分数的贡献是它颜色的权值乘上新鲜度的第 i 项(i 是你第几次经到这个颜色的点)。
询问之间独立。

思路

这道题其实就是模板的带修树上莫队题。

首先就是如何分块,我们考虑用这样的一种分块方式:
我们每遍历处理完一个点的子树,就把这个点放入队列中。然后如果当前这个点的儿子要处理的点数超过了大小,就把那些找出来标成一类。

然后接着有时间就是 (n^{frac{2}{3}}) 块长,然后就是正常的搞搞待修莫队。
然后你会发现询问的修改好像不知道要怎么移动?

然后其实你通过观察会发现,我们莫队不是有一个点是否贡献吗,你会发现你原来是 ((x1,y1)),现在是 ((x2,y2)),我们其实就把 (x1)(x2)(y1)(y2) 这两个路径上的点状态取反即可。
由于我们是莫队,那我们就可以暴力的移动修改。

然后 ybt 要卡常,我卡了三页真的卡不动了。

代码(这个ybt会只有70)

//#pragma GCC optimize(2)

#include<cmath>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#define ll long long

using namespace std;

const int N = 100005;
struct ask {
	int t, x, y, num;
}a[N];
int pl[N], bef[N], to[N], num[N];
int n, m, q, v[N], w[N], bn;
int tim, qn, op, x, y, t;
int c[N], lst[N], sz, bl[N], LCA;
int deg[N], fa[N][18], sta[N];
bool in[N];
ll ans, an[N];

struct node {
	int to, nxt;
}e[N << 1];
int le[N], KK;

inline void add(int x, int y) {
	e[++KK] = (node){y, le[x]}; le[x] = KK;
	e[++KK] = (node){x, le[y]}; le[y] = KK;
}

inline int read() {
	int re = 0;
	char c = getchar();
	while (c < '0' || c > '9') c = getchar();
	while (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
		re = (re << 3) + (re << 1) + c - '0';
		c = getchar();
	}
	return re;
}

inline int dfs_bl(int now, int father) {//分块
	fa[now][0] = father;
	deg[now] = deg[father] + 1;
	int sn = 0;
	for (int i = le[now]; i; i = e[i].nxt)
		if (e[i].to ^ father) {
			sn += dfs_bl(e[i].to, now);
			if (sn >= sz) {
				bn++;
				while (sn) {
					bl[sta[sta[0]]] = bn;
					sta[0]--; sn--;
				}
			}
		}
	sta[++sta[0]] = now; sn++;
	return sn;
}

bool cmp(ask x, ask y) {//莫队排序
	if (bl[x.x] ^ bl[y.x]) return bl[x.x] < bl[y.x];
	if (bl[x.y] ^ bl[y.y]) return (bl[x.x] & 1) ? bl[x.y] < bl[y.y] : bl[x.y] > bl[y.y];
	return ((bl[x.x] ^ bl[x.y]) & 1) ? x.t < y.t : x.t > y.t;
}

inline int lca(int x, int y) {
	if (deg[y] > deg[x]) swap(x, y);
	for (int i = 17; i >= 0; i--)
		if (deg[fa[x][i]] >= deg[y]) x = fa[x][i];
	if (x == y) return x;
	for (int i = 17; i >= 0; i--)
		if (fa[x][i] ^ fa[y][i]) x = fa[x][i], y = fa[y][i];
	return fa[x][0];
}

inline void putans(int x) {//更新答案(一个点)
	if (!in[x]) {
		num[c[x]]++;
		ans += 1ll * v[c[x]] * w[num[c[x]]];
	}
	else {
		ans -= 1ll * v[c[x]] * w[num[c[x]]];
		num[c[x]]--;
	}
	in[x] ^= 1;
}

void change(int x, int y) {//给树上点更颜色
	if (!in[x]) c[x] = y;
		else {
			putans(x);
			c[x] = y;
			putans(x);
		}
}

inline void turn(int x, int y) {//给树上路径上的所有点统计(LCA不会统计)
	while (x ^ y) {
		if (deg[x] > deg[y]) putans(x), x = fa[x][0];
			else putans(y), y = fa[y][0];
	}
}

inline void write(ll x) {
	if (x > 9ll) write(x / 10);
	putchar(x % 10 + '0');
}

int main() {
	n = read(); m = read(); q = read();
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) v[i] = read();
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) w[i] = read();
	for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
		x = read(); y = read();
		add(x, y);
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) c[i] = read(), lst[i] = c[i];
	
	for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) {
		op = read(); x = read(); y = read();
		if (op == 0) {
			tim++;
			pl[tim] = x; bef[tim] = lst[x]; to[tim] = y;
			lst[x] = y;
		}
		else {
			a[++qn] = (ask){tim, x, y, qn};
		}
	}
	
	sz = pow(n, 2.0 / 3);
	int tmp = dfs_bl(1, 0); if (tmp) bn++;
	while (tmp) {
		bl[sta[sta[0]]] = bn;
		sta[0]--; tmp--;
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= 17; i++)
		for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++)
			fa[j][i] = fa[fa[j][i - 1]][i - 1];
	
	sort(a + 1, a + qn + 1, cmp);
	t = a[1].t;
	for (int i = 1; i <= t; i++) change(pl[i], to[i]);
	turn(a[1].x, a[1].y);
	LCA = lca(a[1].x, a[1].y);
	putans(LCA);
	an[a[1].num] = ans;
	putans(LCA);
	for (int i = 2; i <= qn; i++) {//莫队
		while (t < a[i].t) t++, change(pl[t], to[t]);
		while (t > a[i].t) change(pl[t], bef[t]), t--;
		turn(a[i].x, a[i - 1].x);
		turn(a[i].y, a[i - 1].y);
		LCA = lca(a[i].x, a[i].y);
		putans(LCA);//前面没有处理到 LCA 所以要单独处理
		an[a[i].num] = ans;
		putans(LCA);
	}
	
	for (int i = 1; i <= qn; i++) write(an[i]), putchar('
');
	
	return 0;
}

后记

使用了新的树上莫队,用了欧拉序然后就过了。

新代码

#include<cmath>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#define ll long long

using namespace std;

const int N = 100001;
struct ask {
	int t, x, y, num, lca;
}a[N];
int pl[N], bef[N], to[N], num[N];
int n, m, q, v[N], w[N], bn, tmpn;
int tim, qn, op, x, y, t, dfn[2 * N];
int c[N], lst[N], sz, bl[2 * N], LCA;
int deg[N], fa[N][18], st[N], ed[N];
bool in[N];
ll ans, an[N];

struct node {
	int to, nxt;
}e[2 * N];
int le[N], KK;

inline void add(int x, int y) {
	e[++KK] = (node){y, le[x]}; le[x] = KK;
	e[++KK] = (node){x, le[y]}; le[y] = KK;
}

int re;
char cc;
inline int read() {
	re = 0;
	cc = getchar();
	while (cc < '0' || cc > '9') cc = getchar();
	while (cc >= '0' && cc <= '9') {
		re = (re << 3) + (re << 1) + cc - '0';
		cc = getchar();
	}
	return re;
}

inline void dfs_bl(int now, int father) {
	dfn[++tmpn] = now;
	st[now] = tmpn;
	fa[now][0] = father;
	deg[now] = deg[father] + 1;
	for (int i = le[now]; i; i = e[i].nxt)
		if (e[i].to ^ father) {
			dfs_bl(e[i].to, now);
		}
	dfn[++tmpn] = now;
	ed[now] = tmpn;
}

inline bool cmp(ask x, ask y) {
//	if (bl[x.x] ^ bl[y.x]) return bl[x.x] < bl[y.x];
//	if (bl[x.y] ^ bl[y.y]) return (bl[x.x] & 1) ? bl[x.y] < bl[y.y] : bl[x.y] > bl[y.y];
//	return ((bl[x.x] ^ bl[x.y]) & 1) ? x.t < y.t : x.t > y.t;
	if (bl[x.x] ^ bl[y.x]) return bl[x.x] < bl[y.x];
	if (bl[x.y] ^ bl[y.y]) return bl[x.y] < bl[y.y];
	return x.t < y.t;
}

inline int lca(int x, int y) {
	if (deg[y] > deg[x]) swap(x, y);
	for (int i = 17; i >= 0; i--)
		if (deg[fa[x][i]] >= deg[y]) x = fa[x][i];
	if (x == y) return x;
	for (int i = 17; i >= 0; i--)
		if (fa[x][i] ^ fa[y][i]) x = fa[x][i], y = fa[y][i];
	return fa[x][0];
}

inline void putans(int x) {
	if (!in[x]) {
		num[c[x]]++;
		ans += 1ll * v[c[x]] * w[num[c[x]]];
	}
	else {
		ans -= 1ll * v[c[x]] * w[num[c[x]]];
		num[c[x]]--;
	}
	in[x] ^= 1;
}

inline void change(int x, int y) {
	if (!in[x]) c[x] = y;
		else {
			putans(x);
			c[x] = y;
			putans(x);
		}
}

void write(ll x) {
	if (x > 9ll) write(x / 10);
	putchar(x % 10 + '0');
}

int main() {
	n = read(); m = read(); q = read();
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) v[i] = read();
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) w[i] = read();
	for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
		x = read(); y = read();
		add(x, y);
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) c[i] = read(), lst[i] = c[i];
	
	sz = pow(2 * n, 2.0 / 3);
	dfs_bl(1, 0);
	for (int i = 1; i <= 17; i++)
		for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++)
			fa[j][i] = fa[fa[j][i - 1]][i - 1];
	for (int i = 1; i <= 2 * n; i++) bl[i] = (i - 1) / sz + 1;
	
	for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) {
		op = read(); x = read(); y = read();
		if (op == 0) {
			tim++;
			pl[tim] = x; bef[tim] = lst[x]; to[tim] = y;
			lst[x] = y;
		}
		else {
			LCA = lca(x, y);
			if (st[x] > st[y]) swap(x, y);
			if (LCA == x) a[++qn] = (ask){tim, st[x], st[y], qn, 0};
				else a[++qn] = (ask){tim, ed[x], st[y], qn, LCA};
		}
	}
	
	sort(a + 1, a + qn + 1, cmp);
	x = 1; y = 0; t = 0;
	for (int i = 1; i <= qn; i++) {
		while (t < a[i].t) t++, change(pl[t], to[t]);
		while (t > a[i].t) change(pl[t], bef[t]), t--;
		while (x < a[i].x) putans(dfn[x]), x++;
		while (x > a[i].x) x--, putans(dfn[x]);
		while (y < a[i].y) y++, putans(dfn[y]);
		while (y > a[i].y) putans(dfn[y]), y--;
		if (a[i].lca) putans(a[i].lca);
		an[a[i].num] = ans;
		if (a[i].lca) putans(a[i].lca);
	}
	
	for (int i = 1; i <= qn; i++) write(an[i]), putchar('
');
	
	return 0;
}
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Sakura-TJH/p/YBT_JPDH_6-4-3.html