参考以下：
http://www.jz123.cn/text/2937389.html
1、安装cmake编译器
这里下载了cmake-2.8.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# ls cmake-2.8.3.tar.gz
cmake-2.8.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd cmake-2.8.3
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.3]# make && make install
2、添加必要的组和拥有者
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
3、编译安装MySql
这里下载了mysql-5.5.8.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# ls mysql-5.5.8.tar.gz
mysql-5.5.8.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.8.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@localhost ~]# cd mysql-5.5.8
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.8]# cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.8]# make && make install
4、设置相关目录权限
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql .
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
5、创建系统数据的表
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
6、配置文件
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
7、设置环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# vim /root/.bash_profile
将PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin修改为：
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@localhost ~]# source /root/.bash_profile
8、启动MySql
手动启动MySql
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld_safe --user=mysql & // 后台启动MySQL
[1] 25340
[root@localhost ~]# 130425 09:23:06 mysqld_safe Logging to
'/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
130425 09:23:06 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from
/usr/local/mysql/data
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin ping
mysqld is alive // 说明成功启动了MySQL
// 注意MySQL里也有一个root用户，默认密码为空。MySQL的root用户跟Linux的root没有关系的。
// 故输入下面命令时，Enter passwd:直接回车就行了，因为MySQL的root用户密码默认为空。
[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown // 停止MySQL服务
Enter password:
130425 09:25:01 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file
/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid ended
[1]+ Done mysqld_safe --user=mysql
[root@localhost ~]#
设置引导时启动MySql：
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/
[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on
[root@localhost init.d]#
[root@localhost ~]# ls -l /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10612 2013-04-25 09:16 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql:mysql /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# mysql // 注意这里没有出现错误的原因是没有启动MySQL
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. [ OK ]
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.8-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>