SpringMVC:学习笔记(12)——ThreadLocal实现会话共享

SpringMVC:学习笔记(12)——ThreadLocal实现会话共享

ThreadLocal

  ThreadLocal,被称为线程局部变量。在并发编程的情况下,使用ThreadLocal创建的变量只能被当前线程访问,其他线程则无法访问和修改。每个Thread对象内部都维护了一个ThreadLocalMap它可以存放若干个ThreadLocal。如下为Thread源码部分:

/* ThreadLocal values pertaining to this thread. This map is maintained
 * by the ThreadLocal class. */
ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;

  当我们对ThreadLocal执行set方法时,他首先做的是取当前线程的ThreadLocalMap,所以可以保证每个线程可以独享自己的ThreadLocal对象。如下为ThreadLocal源码部分:

    /**
     * Sets the current thread's copy of this thread-local variable
     * to the specified value.  Most subclasses will have no need to
     * override this method, relying solely on the {@link #initialValue}
     * method to set the values of thread-locals.
     *
     * @param value the value to be stored in the current thread's copy of
     *        this thread-local.
     */
    public void set(T value) {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null)
            map.set(this, value);
        else
            createMap(t, value);
    }

  那这样一来ThreadLocal就具有了一些高级特性:

  • 全局性,在当前线程中,任何一个点都可以访问到ThreadLocal的值。
  • 独立性,该线程的ThreadLocal只能被该线程访问,一般情况下其他线程访问不到。

 

实现会话共享

通用的思路

  在SpringMVC中,@Action方法接受了Request对象,我们可以从中取出HttpSession会话数据

public ModelAndView getTest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
     String userId = request.getSession().getAttribute("user").toString();
}

  但要是我们在一个普通的方法中想访问到HttpSession对象就会很难了,如果我们在请求到来时用Filter把HttpSession保存到ThreadLocal中,利用ThreadLocal的全局性,不是就可以在普通方法中使用了吗?当然我们最好将其封装一个类,来方便以后随时调用和迭代更新。

HttpContext 

  我们创建一个HttpContext类,来将Request、Response、Session、Cookies等对象进行封装,方便以后直接使用。

public class HttpContext {
    private HttpServletRequest request;
    private HttpServletResponse response;
    private final static ThreadLocal<HttpContext> contextContainer = new ThreadLocal<HttpContext>();
    /**
     * 初始化
     */
    public static HttpContext begin(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) {
        HttpContext context = new HttpContext();
        context.request = req;
        context.response = res;
        contextContainer.set(context);
        return context;
    }
    public static HttpContext get(){
        return contextContainer.get();
    }
    /**
     * 销毁
     */
    public void end() {
        this.request = null;
        this.response = null;
        contextContainer.remove();
    }
    public ServletContext getContext() {
        return this.request.getServletContext();
    }
    public HttpSession getSession() {
        return this.request.getSession(false);
    }
    public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
        return this.request;
    }
    public HttpServletResponse getResponse() {
        return this.response;
    }
    public Map<String, Cookie> getCookies() {
        Map<String, Cookie> map = new HashMap<String, Cookie>();
        Cookie[] cookies = this.request.getCookies();
        if(cookies != null)
            for(Cookie ck : cookies) {
                map.put(ck.getName(), ck);
            }
        return map;
    }
}

WebFilter

  过滤器是实现会话共享的前提,我们在里面只是绑定一下请求对象。

/**
 * HttpContext全局过滤器
 */
public class ContextFilter implements Filter{
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    }
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest)servletRequest;
        HttpServletResponse res = (HttpServletResponse)servletResponse;
        HttpContext.begin(req, res);
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
    }
    public void destroy() {
        HttpContext.get().end();
    }
}

使用

  现在,我们可以在一个普通的Java方法中,使用会话对象,如果我们做一个简单的Dispatcher,然后使用Response对象,那么一个后端框架便横空出世了!

/**
* 获得当前登录人员的凭证信息
*/
public static String getId(){
    HttpSession session = HttpContext.get().getSession();
    Object obj = null;
    if (null != session){
        obj = session.getAttribute("USERID");
    }
    if (null == obj) {
        return null;
   }
   return obj.toString();
}

 

参考链接

http://www.blackzs.com/archives/740

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/MrSaver/p/11191028.html