.NET Framework 3.5中序列化成JSON数据及JSON数据的反序列化,以及jQuery的调用JSON

原贴地址:http://bbs.zkinfo.com/thread-80510-1-1.html

最近要用到jQuery调用JSON,但遇到几个问题,正面将记录下遇到的问题及解决方法。
在将Object序列化成JSON时普遍是使用以下几种方式:
1. 第三方组件Newtonsoft.Json.dll来序列化。
2. 直接用StringBuilder拼接字符串。
3. .NET3.5中的DataContractJsonSerializer
很多人使用的是第三方组件来序列化,但.NET3.5中已经提供了对序列化及反序列化很好的支持,直接使用就行了,而拼接字符串的方式就更原始了,要对一些字符串进行处理也容易出错。所以还是选择了DataContractJsonSerializer,感觉非常方便。下面就看怎么来实了:
首先创建项目,添加必要的程序集引用:System.ServiceModel.Web及System.Runtime.Serialization
创建ashx文件以便jQuery调用,当然也可以根据自己的需要创建WebServices或其它文件,代码如下
Demo.ashx
Demo.ashx
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;

namespace JSONDemo
{
    ///
<summary>
/// $codebehindclassname$ 的摘要说明
    ///
</summary>
    [WebService(Namespace =
"http://tempuri.org/")]
    [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
    public
class Demo : IHttpHandler
    {
        public
void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
        {
            context.Response.ContentType =
"text/plain";
            List<User> users =
new List<User>();
            #region AddUser
            users.Add(new User
            {
                UserId =
1,
                UserName =
"张三",
                Birthday = DateTime.Parse("1982/1/1")
            });
            users.Add(new User
            {
                UserId =
2,
                UserName =
"李四",
                Birthday = DateTime.Parse("1983/2/1")
            });
            users.Add(new User
            {
                UserId =
3,
                UserName =
"王五",
                Birthday = DateTime.Parse("1984/3/1")
            });
            #endregion
string json = JsonHelper.Serialize(users);
            //context.Response.Write("序列化:\r\n");
            context.Response.Write(json);
            //User u = JsonHelper.Deserialize<User>("");
            List<User> users2 = JsonHelper.Deserialize<List<User>>(json);
            //context.Response.Write("\r\n反序列化:\r\n");

foreach (User item in users2)
            {
                //context.Response.Write(string.Format("UserId:{0},UserName:{1},Birthday:{2}\r\n", item.UserId, item.UserName, item.Birthday));
            }
        }

        public
bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return
false;
            }
        }
    }

    ///
<summary>
/// 数据实体
    ///
</summary>

//[Serializable]这里是需要注意的地方

public
class User
    {
        public
int UserId { get; set; }
        public
string UserName { get; set; }
        public DateTime Birthday { get; set; }
    }

    ///
<summary>
/// JSON序列化与反序列化辅助类
    ///
</summary>

public
class JsonHelper
    {
        public
static
string Serialize<T>(T data)
        {
            System.Runtime.Serialization.Json.DataContractJsonSerializer serializer =
new System.Runtime.Serialization.Json.DataContractJsonSerializer(data.GetType());
            using (MemoryStream ms =
new MemoryStream())
            {
                serializer.WriteObject(ms, data);
                return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
                //ms.Position = 0;
                //using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(ms))
                //{
                //    return sr.ReadToEnd();
                //}
            }
        }

        public
static T Deserialize<T>(string json)
        {
            T obj = Activator.CreateInstance<T>();
            using (MemoryStream ms =
new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(json)))
            {
                System.Runtime.Serialization.Json.DataContractJsonSerializer serializer =
new System.Runtime.Serialization.Json.DataContractJsonSerializer(obj.GetType());
                return (T)serializer.ReadObject(ms);
            }
        }
    }
}

访问Demo.ashx显示结果如下,对了这就是我们想要的数据:
[{"Birthday":"\/Date(378662400000+0800)\/","UserId":1,"UserName":"张三"},{"Birthday":"\/Date(412876800000+0800)\/","UserId":2,"UserName":"李四"},{"Birthday":"\/Date(446918400000+0800)\/","UserId":3,"UserName":"王五"}]

jQuery调用JSON代码:

jQuery调用
<script type="text/javascript">
    $().ready(function() {
        $.getJSON("Demo.ashx", function(data) {
            var msg = [data.length];
            for (var i in data) {
                msg =
"UserId:"
+ data.UserId +
",UserName:"
+ data.UserName +
",Birthday:"
+ data.Birthday;
            }
            alert(msg.join('\n'));
        });
    });
</script>

但在实现时遇到几个问题:
1. DateTime类型在实例化时如果未对DateTime属性赋值序列化时(即:DateTime.MinValue)将会报错:指定的参数已超出有效值的范围。参数名: value
在转换为 UTC 时大于 DateTime.MaxValue 或小于 DateTime.MinValue 的 DateTime 值无法系列化为 JSON。]
根据提示是DateTime值小于DateTime.MinValue时造成的,但实际上未赋值时DateTime默认就是MinValue了,不存在小于MinValue。莫然其妙的一个问题,但如果DateTime值为DateTime.MinValue.AddDays(1),就没问题了。所以提示应该改成必须大于MinValue,不知道这算不算一个小BUG?
2. 当最开始序列化时发现虽然序列化的结果却是下面这样一堆字符:

[{"<Birthday>k__BackingField":"\/Date(378662400000+0800)\/","<UserId>k__BackingField":1,"<UserName>k__BackingField":"张三"},{"<Birthday>k__BackingField":"\/Date(412876800000+0800)\/","<UserId>k__BackingField":2,"<UserName>k__BackingField":"李四"},{"<Birthday>k__BackingField":"\/Date(446918400000+0800)\/","<UserId>k__BackingField":3,"<UserName>k__BackingField":"王五"}]

经查询是因为实体类声明了可序列化造成的:
[Serializable]
public class User
当然把[Serializable]去掉,结果就正常了,可这样实体类就不能实例化了?当然我们可以用其它方法来解决这一问题,用WCF中的数据契约声明实体就行(别忘了在所有属性上加上[DataMember]不然这些属性都不可访问哦。)[DataContract]
public class User
{
     [DataMember]
     public int UserId{get;set;}
}

完整DEMO下载:JSONDemo.rar

本文来自CSDN博客,转载请标明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/lee576/archive/2009/01/08/3736977.aspx

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/68681395/p/1498343.html