Flask
DBpool
import pymysql
from DBUtils.PooledDB import PooledDB
POOL = PooledDB(
creator=pymysql, # 使用链接数据库的模块
maxconnections=6, # 连接池允许的最大连接数，0和None表示不限制连接数
mincached=2, # 初始化时，链接池中至少创建的空闲的链接，0表示不创建
maxcached=5, # 链接池中最多闲置的链接，0和None不限制
maxshared=3, # 链接池中最多共享的链接数量，0和None表示全部共享。PS: 无用，
# 因为pymysql和MySQLdb等模块的 threadsafety都为1，所有值无论设置为多少，
# _maxcached永远为0，所以永远是所有链接都共享。
blocking=True, # 连接池中如果没有可用连接后，是否阻塞等待。True，等待；False，不等待然后报错
maxusage=None, # 一个链接最多被重复使用的次数，None表示无限制
setsession=[], # 开始会话前执行的命令列表。如：["set datestyle to ...", "set time zone ..."]
ping=0,
# ping MySQL服务端，检查是否服务可用。
# 如：0 = None = never,
# 1 = default = whenever it is requested,
# 2 = when a cursor is created,
# 4 = when a query is executed,
# 7 = always
host="127.0.0.1",
port=3306,
user="root",
password="",
charset="utf8",
db="day115"
)
#
# conn = POOL.connection() # pymysql - conn
# cur = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
#
# sql = "select * from users WHERE name='jwb' and age=73 "
#
# res = cur.execute(sql)
#
#
# print(cur.fetchall())
#
# conn.close()
mysql回顾
import pymysql
mysql_conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1",
port=3306,
user="root",
password="",
charset="utf8",
db="day115")
c = mysql_conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
sql = "select * from users WHERE name='jwb' and age=73 "
res = c.execute(sql)
print(c.fetchall())
c.close()
mysql_conn.close()
flask_session
from flask import Flask, session
from flask_session import Session
from redis import Redis
app = Flask(__name__)
# app.secret_key = "asdf%^&*"
app.config["SESSION_TYPE"] = "redis"
app.config["SESSION_REDIS"] = Redis(host="127.0.0.1", port=6379, db=6)
Session(app)
@app.route("/")
def index():
session["user"] = "value"
return "hello"
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
# 相关参数介绍
from flask import Flask, render_template,request
from wtforms.fields import simple, core
from wtforms import validators
from wtforms import Form
app = Flask(__name__)
class LoginForm(Form):
username = simple.StringField(
label="用户名", # 标签标记
validators=[validators.DataRequired(message="用户名不能为空"),
validators.Length(min=3,max=8,message="不是长了就是短了")], # 校验条件 可迭代条件
# description='11111111111', # 描述标记
id="user_id", # 标签ID
default=None, # 默认值
widget=None, # 默认组件(input type="text") 在StringField中已经被实例化了
render_kw={"class":"my_login"}, # {"class":"my_login"}
)
password = simple.PasswordField(
label="密码", # 标签标记
validators=[validators.DataRequired(message="密码不能为空"),
validators.Length(min=3, max=16, message="不是长了就是短了"),
validators.Email(message="密码必须符合邮箱规则")], # 不知道
# description='11111111111', # 描述标记
id="user_id", # 标签ID
default=None, # 默认值
widget=None, # 默认组件(input type="text") 在StringField中已经被实例化了
render_kw={"class": "my_login"}, # {"class":"my_login"}
)
class RegForm(Form):
username = simple.StringField(
label="用户名", # 标签标记
validators=[validators.DataRequired(message="用户名不能为空"),
validators.Length(min=3,max=8,message="用户名不是长了就是短了")], # 校验条件 可迭代条件
)
password = simple.PasswordField(
label="密码", # 标签标记
validators=[validators.DataRequired(message="密码不能为空"),
validators.Length(min=3, max=16, message="密码不是长了就是短了"),
validators.Email(message="密码必须符合邮箱规则")],
)
repassword = simple.PasswordField(
label="确认密码", # 标签标记
validators=[validators.EqualTo(fieldname="password",message="眼神未确认")]
)
gender = core.RadioField(
label="性别",
coerce=str,
choices=(
("1","女"),
("2","男")
),
default="1"
)
hobby = core.SelectMultipleField(
label="爱好",
validators=[validators.Length(min=2,max=4,message="癖好有问题")],
coerce=int,
choices=(
(1, "fengjie"),
(2, "luoyufeng"),
(3, "lixueqin"),
(4, "wuyifan"),
(5, "panta")
),
default=(1,3,5)
)
@app.route("/",methods=["GET","POST"])
def index():
if request.method == "GET":
fm = LoginForm()
return render_template("index.html",wtf = fm)
else:
new_fm = LoginForm(request.form)
if new_fm.validate():
return new_fm.data.get("password")
else:
return render_template("index.html", wtf=new_fm)
@app.route("/reg",methods=["GET","POST"])
def reg():
if request.method == "GET":
rf = RegForm()
return render_template("reg.html",rf = rf)
else:
rf = RegForm(request.form)
if rf.validate():
print(type(rf.data.get("gender")),rf.data.get("gender"))
return rf.data.get("password")
else:
return render_template("reg.html", rf=rf)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
app.__call__
sqlhelper
from dbpool import POOL
import pymysql
# sql = ""
def create_conn():
conn = POOL.connection()
cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
return conn, cursor
def close_conn(conn, cursor):
cursor.close()
conn.close()
def insert(sql, args):
conn, cursor = create_conn()
res = cursor.execute(sql, args)
conn.commit()
close_conn(conn, cursor)
return res
def update(sql, args):
conn, cursor = create_conn()
res = cursor.execute(sql, args)
conn.commit()
close_conn(conn, cursor)
return res
def fetch_one(sql, args):
conn, cursor = create_conn()
cursor.execute(sql, args)
res = cursor.fetchone()
close_conn(conn, cursor)
return res
def fetch_all(sql, args):
conn, cursor = create_conn()
cursor.execute(sql, args)
res = cursor.fetchall()
close_conn(conn, cursor)
return res
# sql = "insert into users(name,age) VALUES (%s, %s)"
# insert(sql,("mjj",9))
search_sql = "Select * from users where name=%s and age=%s"
update_sql = "UPDATE users SET name=%s and age=%s"
print(fetch_one(search_sql, ("mjj", 9)))
websocket_hello
import socket
import base64
import hashlib
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
sock.bind(('127.0.0.1', 9527))
sock.listen(5)
# 获取客户端socket对象
conn, address = sock.accept()
# 获取客户端的【握手】信息
data = conn.recv(1024)
print(data)
"""
GET /ws HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:9527
Connection: Upgrade
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36
Upgrade: websocket
Origin: http://localhost:63342
Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Cookie: session=a6f96c20-c59e-4f33-84d9-c664a2f29dfc
Sec-WebSocket-Key: MAZZU5DPIxWmhk/UWL2+BA==
Sec-WebSocket-Extensions: permessage-deflate; client_max_window_bits
"""
# 以下动作是有websockethandler完成的
# magic string为：258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11
def get_headers(data):
header_dict = {}
header_str = data.decode("utf8")
for i in header_str.split("
"):
if str(i).startswith("Sec-WebSocket-Key"):
header_dict["Sec-WebSocket-Key"] = i.split(":")[1].strip()
return header_dict
headers = get_headers(data) # 提取请求头信息
#
magic_string = '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11'
#Sec-WebSocket-Key: MAZZU5DPIxWmhk/UWL2+BA==
value = headers['Sec-WebSocket-Key'] + magic_string
print(value)
ac = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1(value.encode('utf-8')).digest())
# 对请求头中的sec-websocket-key进行加密
response_tpl = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
"
"Upgrade:websocket
"
"Connection: Upgrade
"
"Sec-WebSocket-Accept: %s
"
"WebSocket-Location: ws://127.0.0.1:9527
"
print(ac.decode('utf-8'))
response_str = response_tpl % (ac.decode('utf-8'))
# 响应【握手】信息
conn.send(response_str.encode("utf8"))
#
while True:
msg = conn.recv(8096)
print(msg)
websocket_加密
import struct
msg_bytes = "the emperor has not been half-baked in the early days of the collapse of the road, today down three points, yizhou weakness, this serious crisis autumn".encode("utf8")
token = b"x81" # + 数据长度/运算位 + mask/数据长度 + mask/数据 + 数据
length = len(msg_bytes)
if length < 126:
token += struct.pack("B", length)
elif length == 126:
token += struct.pack("!BH", 126, length)
else:
token += struct.pack("!BQ", 127, length)
msg = token + msg_bytes
print(msg)
websocket_解密
# b'x81x89xf3x99x81-x15x05x01xcbOx1bex97]'
# b'x81x85sx92ax10x1bxf7
|x1c'
# b'x81x83Hxc0xxa6yxf2K'
hashstr = b'x81x85sx92ax10x1bxf7
|x1c'
# b'x81 x85s x92ax10x1bxf7
|x1c' <126
# x85s = 5
hashstr = b'x81xfex02xdcx8dxe8-xb2hmxa5W5uxc8:x16x0cx95(ktx87Wx00bxc52x01x0cx95x1fdixbeW9Axcbx1cx0fx07x91>iSxa7W)Axc9
x06x0cx95;h`xab]1dxca)x07
x9a,j~x9fW1bxc2x0ex01x0ex80x16eGxb7Wx00Yxcb2(
x80*iRx8cV4cxcax15x06x0cx94-nhxafU ^xc9x0cx00
xa0x19iQxa6Z
Kxc9
x00x0exaa:iRxa3Wx0bmxc2x0ex01
x92x12hWxbaV4cxc8x11&
x92*eRx86V7fxc8x16x1bx00xad7bTxa1Ux16~xc5
0
xa8:hPxb0V4cxcbx1cx07x01xac5bTxa1T!Zxcb8(x0cx949iRxa3[x14sxc9
x06x0cx94-nhxafZ"rxc8x1cx11
x912hTx8dWx11Kxc8"!x07x91>iSx88Wx08axc87x05
x95/dixbaW3_xc2x0ex01x0exacx10hTxb5W2x7fxc8x11&x0cx949kXxb9]1dxc9
x00
x83.hNxa9Z
Bxc5=?x00xbb6bTxa1W1}xc8$6
x89x03iQxa4]1dxc9 (
x8c,hWx8dZ=gxc9x0bx06x00x9ax1diQxb2Q
jxc8x1c&x0cx95x1fhRxb1V5Exc2x0ex01x0cx92x03iPx97V5hxc9x0fx1ex07x91>dqxb2U0rxc55*
xbdx14bTxa1V5exc8x1cx11
x910hxxa1Q
jxc59(x0exb1;iUxb1W(Pxca8"x0fx8a#hgxa7V5Rxc8
-
xbb6ehxa8]1dxc8x1cx11x0cx96*ktxa4Wx02Pxc5x1c7
xa8x04h`xbcZ8gxc2x0ex01x0cx96x17kpx80[x14sxc9
x06
x94x01kpxa3V4cxca"x0bx07x91>iPxa0W#txc83x02x0fx8a3bTxa1V0Wxc84x08
x89$hTxafT>}xc9x0bx12x0bxad0iVxa0V5Exce2x0cx0cx93?dkxa3[x0eExcb&5x0cx949nhxacZ9Qxcax17x03x0bxad3eyx8eWx08ixcax1fx04x07x91>kEx89Ux17nxc5;"
x83,bTxa1W2x7fxc5+x1c
x92x12jRx82]1dxcb*"x0cx96x17hmxa5W5uxcax1c
x0exa6&iSx88[x0cx7fxc4+x16x0cx959nhxafT rxc9 (x0cx95x08hFx86V5Exc9x0bx06x0cx979bTxa1V7cxcb%-
x89x15hXxa2]1dxcb0x04x0cx96x17hzx85V4cxc2x0ex01x0fxa9x04hxxa3Tx1bUxc5x13x01x07x91>hWxa8Zx0eUxc5x11%x00x8cx17dpxb4T1gxc2x0ex01x0exb1;kaxadW4Wxca)x07x0bxad0'
# print(chushibiao[1],chushibiao[1]&127)
# print(chushibiao[2:4],chushibiao[4:8])
# 将第二个字节也就是 x83 第9-16位 进行与127进行位运算
payload = hashstr[1] & 127
print(payload)
if payload == 127:
extend_payload_len = hashstr[2:10]
mask = hashstr[10:14]
decoded = hashstr[14:]
# 当位运算结果等于127时,则第3-10个字节为数据长度
# 第11-14字节为mask 解密所需字符串
# 则数据为第15字节至结尾
if payload == 126:
extend_payload_len = hashstr[2:4]
mask = hashstr[4:8]
decoded = hashstr[8:]
# 当位运算结果等于126时,则第3-4个字节为数据长度
# 第5-8字节为mask 解密所需字符串
# 则数据为第9字节至结尾
if payload <= 125:
extend_payload_len = None
mask = hashstr[2:6]
decoded = hashstr[6:]
# 当位运算结果小于等于125时,则这个数字就是数据的长度
# 第3-6字节为mask 解密所需字符串
# 则数据为第7字节至结尾
str_byte = bytearray()
# b'x81 x85s x92ax10x1b xf7
|x1c' <126
for i in range(len(decoded)): # 0 xf7 ^ x92a 1
^ x10 x1c ^ x1b
byte = decoded[i] ^ mask[i % 4]
str_byte.append(byte)
print(str_byte.decode("utf8"))
ws简单了解回顾
from flask import Flask, request
from geventwebsocket.handler import WebSocketHandler
from gevent.pywsgi import WSGIServer
from geventwebsocket.websocket import WebSocket
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/")
def index():
return "hello"
@app.route("/ws")
def ws():
user_socket = request.environ.get("wsgi.websocket") # type:WebSocket
while 1:
msg = user_socket.receive()
print(msg)
user_socket.send(msg)
if __name__ == '__main__':
# app.run(debug=True)
http_server = WSGIServer(("0.0.0.0", 9527), app, handler_class=WebSocketHandler)
http_server.serve_forever()