实验环境：
master 192.168.132.121 主库
slave 192.168.132.122 从库
一 mysql主从复制的配置
1.1 mysql主库给从库复制的权限
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'192.168.132.122' identified by '1234567'; #主库需要给从库复制的权限，一般从都有自己的ip，一台从库放开一个ip ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away No connection. Trying to reconnect... Connection id: 6 Current database: *** NONE *** Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> reset master; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show master logs; +-------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +-------------------+-----------+ | master-bin.000001 | 154 | +-------------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show binlog events in 'master-bin.000001'; +-------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+ | Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info | +-------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+ | master-bin.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 123 | Server ver: 5.7.26-log, Binlog ver: 4 | | master-bin.000001 | 123 | Previous_gtids | 1 | 154 | | +-------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
1.2 从库使用命令去同步主库的数据
从库使用命令去同步主库。主库ip、主库端口、用户名、密码、binlog文件名、索引
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.132.121',master_port=3306,master_user='replication',master_password='1234567',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=154; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec) mysql> start slave; #开启salve Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave statusG; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.132.121 Master_User: replication Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154 Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000003 Relay_Log_Pos: 321 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes #IO进程 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #SQL进程 Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154 Relay_Log_Space: 689 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 #表示延时 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: 77278e78-9da8-11e9-bc6c-000c2991dd19 Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
show processlist; #查看主从同步的进程
主端：
mysql> show processlist; +----+-------------+-----------------------+------+-------------+------+---------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | +----+-------------+-----------------------+------+-------------+------+---------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+ | 6 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | starting | show processlist | | 9 | replication | 192.168.132.122:51736 | NULL | Binlog Dump | 306 | Master has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for more updates | NULL | +----+-------------+-----------------------+------+-------------+------+---------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+ 从端： mysql> show processlist; +----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | +----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+ | 4 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | starting | show processlist | | 10 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 314 | Waiting for master to send event | NULL | | 11 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 314 | Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates | NULL | +----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
二 验证
创建库、创建表、增删改查验证同步是否正常，查看binlog日志
2.1 创建库
主端建库 mysql> create database darren; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | darren | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show master logs; +-------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +-------------------+-----------+ | master-bin.000001 | 319 | +-------------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show binlog events in 'master-bin.000001'; +-------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+ | Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info | +-------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+ | master-bin.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 123 | Server ver: 5.7.26-log, Binlog ver: 4 | | master-bin.000001 | 123 | Previous_gtids | 1 | 154 | | | master-bin.000001 | 154 | Anonymous_Gtid | 1 | 219 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS' | | master-bin.000001 | 219 | Query | 1 | 319 | create database darren | +-------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+ 从端查看 mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | darren | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave statusG; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.132.121 Master_User: replication Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 319 #读到的偏移量，和master查看的偏移相同，数据已经读完，并同步 Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000003 Relay_Log_Pos: 486 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 319 Relay_Log_Space: 854 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: 77278e78-9da8-11e9-bc6c-000c2991dd19 Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.2 其他命令，增删改查验证
主端查看表为空 mysql> use darren; Database changed mysql> show tables; Empty set (0.00 sec) 从端也一样 mysql> use darren; Database changed mysql> show tables; Empty set (0.00 sec) 主端建表 mysql> create table test (id int); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show tables; +------------------+ | Tables_in_darren | +------------------+ | test | +------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 从端查看 mysql> show tables; +------------------+ | Tables_in_darren | +------------------+ | test | +------------------+ 主端插入数据： mysql> insert into test values (1); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from test; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | +------+ 从端： mysql> select * from test; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | +------+ 继续插入数据： mysql> insert into test values (2); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into test values (2); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into test values (3); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show master status; +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | master-bin.000001 | 1524 | | | | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 从端 mysql> select * from test; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 2 | | 3 | +------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave statusG; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.132.121 Master_User: replication Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1524 Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000003 Relay_Log_Pos: 1691 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1524 Relay_Log_Space: 2059 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: 77278e78-9da8-11e9-bc6c-000c2991dd19 Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: 主端删除表 mysql> delete from test; Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> select * from test; Empty set (0.00 sec) 从端： mysql> select * from test; Empty set (0.00 sec) 主端删除库 mysql> drop database darren; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 从端： mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+
基本的配置完成，实现基本的同步功能！