以下通过python3 实现接收和发送邮件，网上相关说明文档很多。请自己查阅，这里只写入代码，
# 实例：通过poplib 模块接收指定账号的邮件并进行解码处理，结果可视化。
#!/opt/python3/bin/python3
# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
# Author: Yong
import smtplib
import email as pop_email
from email.parser import Parser
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr, parseaddr
from email.header import decode_header
import email, poplib, sys
# 接收邮件
def decode_str(s):
'''进行消息解码'''
value, charset = decode_header(s)[0]
# decode_header()返回一个list，因为像Cc、Bcc这样的字段可能包含多个邮件地址，所以解析出来的会有多个元素。上面的代码我们偷了个懒，只取了第一个元素。
if charset:
value = value.decode(charset)
return value
def guess_charset(msg):
'''返回字符编码'''
content_type = msg.get('Content-Type', '').lower()
pos = content_type.find('charset=')
if pos >= 0:
charset = content_type[pos + 8:].strip()
return charset
def pop_mail(pop_server, logname, logpwd):
'''进行接收邮件'''
tmp_list = []
mail_file = open('mail.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8')
pop_obj = poplib.POP3(pop_server, 110)
try:
pop_obj.user(logname)
pop_obj.pass_(logpwd)
status, mail_list, oct = pop_obj.list()
for i in mail_list: # 根据邮件索引ID，循环每一个邮件
tmp_dict = {} # 临时存储每一个邮件，格式{'From':'', 'To':'', 'Subject':'', 'content':''}
content_list = pop_obj.retr(bytes.decode(i.split()[0])) # 根据索引ID，提取邮件内容
msg_content = '
'.join([bytes.decode(text) for text in content_list[1]])
msg = Parser().parsestr(msg_content)
# 进行邮件头信息的提取
for head in ['From','To','Subject']:
value = msg.get(head, '') # 获取指定头的内容
if value:
if head == 'Subject':
mess_value = decode_str(value) # 对主题进行解码
else:
hdr, addr = parseaddr(value) # 获取发件人和接收人的名称和邮箱地址
hdr = decode_str(hdr)
addr = decode_str(addr)
mess_value = '%s <%s>' % (hdr, addr)
tmp_dict[head] = mess_value # 添加到临时字典
# 进行邮件正文内容的提取
if msg.is_multipart(): # 带附件的内容
for part in msg.walk():
if part.get_content_type() == 'text/plain': # 只提取内容正文，不提取附件等其他信息
charset = part.get_charsets()[0] # 获取内容字符集
body = part.get_payload(decode=True) # 获取内容（编码前的）
if charset:
content = body.decode(charset) # 对内容进行解码
else:
content = body # 未解码的直接提取内容
else: # 不带附件的内容
content_type = msg.get_content_type() # 获取内容类型
if content_type == 'text/plain' or content_type == 'text/html':
content = msg.get_payload(decode=True) # 提取内容
charset = guess_charset(msg) # 提取字符集
if charset:
content = content.decode(charset) # 对内容进行解码
else:
content = 'nofound：text/plain，text/html' # 类型没有匹配到
tmp_dict['content'] = content # 添加到临时字典
tmp_list.append(tmp_dict) # 将一封邮件进行处理后，添加到一个列表
pop_obj.quit() # 关闭POP连接
# 循环提取每一份邮件，进行写到文档中
for data in tmp_list:
mail_info = '''
发送者：%s
接收者：%s
主题：%s
内容：
%s
''' % (data['From'].strip(), data['To'].strip() if 'To' in data else '群发邮件', data['Subject'].strip(), data['content'].strip())
mail_file.write(mail_info + '
')
mail_file.close()
except poplib.error_proto as e:
print('pop Error:', e)
if __name__ == '__main__':
'''输出文件mail.txt'''
pop = '接收服务器域名'
name = '登录名'
pwd = '登录密码'
pop_mail(pop, name, pwd)
# 实例：发送邮件
import smtplib
import email as pop_email
from email.parser import Parser
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr, parseaddr
from email.header import decode_header
import email, poplib, sys
def sendmail(message, sendmail_server, logname, logpwd, to_mailer):
# to_mailer 为接收者邮件列表
msg = MIMEText(message, 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg['From'] = formataddr(['管理员(显示的名称)', 'from_mail@aaaa']) # 邮件接收后，发件人显示的名称和邮箱
msg['To'] = formataddr(['jojo', 'to_mail@bbbbb']) # 邮件接收后，收件人显示的名称和邮箱
msg['Subject'] = 'python test'
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP('sendmail_server', 25)
server.login('logname', 'logpwd')
server.sendmail('logname', to_mailer, msg.as_string())
print('邮件发送成功')
server.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
print('Error:', e)
实例：实现指定邮箱自动接收且进行自动匹配字典库关键字进行回复，对读取过的邮件有记录功能不再进行处理，测试代码如下：
#!/opt/python3/bin/python3
# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
# Author: Yong
import smtplib
import email as pop_email
from email.parser import Parser
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr, parseaddr
from email.header import decode_header
import email, poplib, sys, os
import json
# 发送邮件
def sendmail(message, sendmail_server, logname, logpwd, to_mailer, sub):
# to_mailer 为接收者邮件列表
msg = MIMEText(message, 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg['From'] = formataddr(['赵勇', logname]) # 邮件接收后，发件人显示的名称和邮箱
msg['To'] = formataddr([to_mailer[0], to_mailer[1].strip('>')]) # 邮件接收后，收件人显示的名称和邮箱
msg['Subject'] = sub
msg['Accept-Language'] = 'zh-CN'
msg['Accept-Charset'] = 'ISO-8859-1, utf-8'
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP(sendmail_server, 25)
server.login(logname, logpwd)
server.sendmail(logname, to_mailer, msg.as_string())
print('邮件发送成功')
server.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
print('Error:', e)
# 接收邮件
def decode_str(s):
'''进行消息解码'''
value, charset = decode_header(s)[0]
# decode_header()返回一个list，因为像Cc、Bcc这样的字段可能包含多个邮件地址，所以解析出来的会有多个元素。上面的代码我们偷了个懒，只取了第一个元素。
if charset:
value = value.decode(charset)
return value
def guess_charset(msg):
'''返回字符编码'''
content_type = msg.get('Content-Type', '').lower()
pos = content_type.find('charset=')
if pos >= 0:
charset = content_type[pos + 8:].strip()
return charset
def pop_mail(pop_server, logname, logpwd):
'''进行接收邮件'''
if os.path.isfile(save_file):
with open(save_file) as f:
index_list = json.load(f)
else:
index_list = []
pop_obj = poplib.POP3(pop_server, 110)
try:
mail_index = []
pop_obj.user(logname)
pop_obj.pass_(logpwd)
status, mail_list, oct = pop_obj.list()
for i in mail_list: # 根据邮件索引ID，循环每一个邮件
tmp_dict = {} # 临时存储每一个邮件，格式{'From':'', 'To':'', 'Subject':'', 'content':''}
i = bytes.decode(i)
if i in index_list:
continue
else:
index_list.append(i)
content_list = pop_obj.retr(i.split()[0]) # 根据索引ID，提取邮件内容
# content_list = pop_obj.retr(i) # 根据索引ID，提取邮件内容
msg_content = '
'.join([bytes.decode(text) for text in content_list[1]])
msg = Parser().parsestr(msg_content)
# 进行邮件头信息的提取
for head in ['From','To','Subject']:
value = msg.get(head, '') # 获取指定头的内容
if value:
if head == 'Subject':
mess_value = decode_str(value) # 对主题进行解码
else:
hdr, addr = parseaddr(value) # 获取发件人和接收人的名称和邮箱地址
hdr = decode_str(hdr)
addr = decode_str(addr)
mess_value = '%s <%s>' % (hdr, addr)
tmp_dict[head] = mess_value # 添加到临时字典
# 进行邮件正文内容的提取
if msg.is_multipart(): # 带附件的内容
for part in msg.walk():
if part.get_content_type() == 'text/plain': # 只提取内容正文，不提取附件等其他信息
charset = part.get_charsets()[0] # 获取内容字符集
body = part.get_payload(decode=True) # 获取内容（编码前的）
if charset:
content = body.decode(charset) # 对内容进行解码
else:
content = body # 未解码的直接提取内容
else: # 不带附件的内容
content_type = msg.get_content_type() # 获取内容类型
if content_type == 'text/plain' or content_type == 'text/html':
content = msg.get_payload(decode=True) # 提取内容
charset = guess_charset(msg) # 提取字符集
if charset:
content = content.decode(charset) # 对内容进行解码
else:
content = 'nofound：text/plain，text/html' # 类型没有匹配到
tmp_dict['content'] = content # 添加到临时字典
mail_index.append(tmp_dict)
pop_obj.quit()
with open(save_file, 'w') as f:
f.write(json.dumps(index_list))
return mail_index
except poplib.error_proto as e:
print('pop Error:', e)
if __name__ == '__main__':
custom_dict = {
'名字': '勇',
'年龄': 38,
'性别': '汉'
}
smtp = 'smtp.263xmail.com'
pop = 'pop.263xmail.com'
name = 'xxx@xxx.com'
pwd = 'xxx'
save_file = 'mail_save.json'
pop_content = pop_mail(pop, name, pwd)
if len(pop_content) == 0:
exit('当前没有新邮件')
for mail in pop_content:
mail_info = '''
————————————————————————————————————————————————
发送者：%s
接收者：%s
主题：%s
内容：
%s
''' % (mail['From'].strip(), mail['To'].strip() if 'To' in mail else '群发邮件', mail['Subject'].strip(), mail['content'].strip())
to_mail = mail['From'].split('<')
sub = 'To: %s' % mail['Subject']
for key,value in custom_dict.items():
if key in mail['content']:
mess = str(value) + '
' + mail_info
break
else:
mess = '没有匹配到字典数据，请自定义'
sendmail(mess, smtp, name, pwd, to_mail, sub)