hive 未初始化元数据库报错

启动hive-metastore和hive-server2 用beeline连接hive报错

[root@node04 hive]# beeline
Beeline version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.0 by Apache Hive
beeline> !connect jdbc:hive2://172.16.145.114:10000 hive
scan complete in 3ms
Connecting to jdbc:hive2://172.16.145.114:10000
Enter password for jdbc:hive2://172.16.145.114:10000: ****
Error: Could not open connection to jdbc:hive2://172.16.145.114:10000: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused (state=08S01,code=0)
0: jdbc:hive2://172.16.145.114:10000 (closed)> !connect jdbc:hive2://172.16.145.114:10000 hive

确认已经赋予了hive用户在当前主机链接数据库的权限：

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select host,user from user;
+-----------+------+
| host      | user |
+-----------+------+
| %         | hive |
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| localhost | hive |
| localhost | root |
| node04    | root |
+-----------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 查看metastore的日志，报错信息如下：

        ... 47 more
2016-11-14 16:10:00,881 ERROR [main]: metastore.MetaStoreDirectSql (MetaStoreDirectSql.java:<init>(135)) - Self-test query [select "DB_ID" from "DBS"] failed; direc
t SQL is disabled
javax.jdo.JDODataStoreException: Error executing SQL query "select "DB_ID" from "DBS"".
        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.NucleusJDOHelper.getJDOExceptionForNucleusException(NucleusJDOHelper.java:451)
        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOQuery.execute(JDOQuery.java:230)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreDirectSql.<init>(MetaStoreDirectSql.java:131)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.initialize(ObjectStore.java:253)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.setConf(ObjectStore.java:224)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setConf(ReflectionUtils.java:73)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.newInstance(ReflectionUtils.java:133)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RawStoreProxy.<init>(RawStoreProxy.java:58)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RawStoreProxy.getProxy(RawStoreProxy.java:67)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.newRawStore(HiveMetaStore.java:506)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.getMS(HiveMetaStore.java:484)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.createDefaultDB(HiveMetaStore.java:532)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.init(HiveMetaStore.java:406)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.<init>(HiveMetaStore.java:365)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.<init>(RetryingHMSHandler.java:55)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.getProxy(RetryingHMSHandler.java:60)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:4953)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.startMetaStore(HiveMetaStore.java:5174)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.main(HiveMetaStore.java:5093)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:212)
NestedThrowablesStackTrace:
com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Table 'metastore.DBS' doesn't exist
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:411)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:386)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1052)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3597)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3529)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:1990)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2151)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2625)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:2119)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeQuery(PreparedStatement.java:2283)
        at com.jolbox.bonecp.PreparedStatementHandle.executeQuery(PreparedStatementHandle.java:174)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.ParamLoggingPreparedStatement.executeQuery(ParamLoggingPreparedStatement.java:381)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.SQLController.executeStatementQuery(SQLController.java:504)
        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.query.SQLQuery.performExecute(SQLQuery.java:280)
        at org.datanucleus.store.query.Query.executeQuery(Query.java:1786)
        at org.datanucleus.store.query.AbstractSQLQuery.executeWithArray(AbstractSQLQuery.java:339)
        at org.datanucleus.store.query.Query.execute(Query.java:1654)
        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOQuery.execute(JDOQuery.java:221)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreDirectSql.<init>(MetaStoreDirectSql.java:131)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.initialize(ObjectStore.java:253)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.setConf(ObjectStore.java:224)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setConf(ReflectionUtils.java:73)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.newInstance(ReflectionUtils.java:133)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RawStoreProxy.<init>(RawStoreProxy.java:58)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RawStoreProxy.getProxy(RawStoreProxy.java:67)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.newRawStore(HiveMetaStore.java:506)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.getMS(HiveMetaStore.java:484)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.createDefaultDB(HiveMetaStore.java:532)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.init(HiveMetaStore.java:406)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.<init>(HiveMetaStore.java:365)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.<init>(RetryingHMSHandler.java:55)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.getProxy(RetryingHMSHandler.java:60)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:4953)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.startMetaStore(HiveMetaStore.java:5174)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.main(HiveMetaStore.java:5093)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:212)
2016-11-14 16:10:01,019 WARN  [main]: metastore.ObjectStore (ObjectStore.java:checkSchema(6304)) - Version information not found in metastore. hive.metastore.schema
.verification is not enabled so recording the schema version 0.13.0
2016-11-14 16:10:01,063 ERROR [main]: metastore.HiveMetaStore (HiveMetaStore.java:startMetaStore(5215)) - javax.jdo.JDODataStoreException: Required table missing : 
"`VERSION`" in Catalog "" Schema "". DataNucleus requires this table to perform its persistence operations. Either your MetaData is incorrect, or you need to enable
 "datanucleus.autoCreateTables"
        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.NucleusJDOHelper.getJDOExceptionForNucleusException(NucleusJDOHelper.java:461)
        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.jdoMakePersistent(JDOPersistenceManager.java:732)
        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.makePersistent(JDOPersistenceManager.java:752)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.setMetaStoreSchemaVersion(ObjectStore.java:6398)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.checkSchema(ObjectStore.java:6308)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.verifySchema(ObjectStore.java:6286)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RawStoreProxy.invoke(RawStoreProxy.java:108)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy0.verifySchema(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.getMS(HiveMetaStore.java:485)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.createDefaultDB(HiveMetaStore.java:532)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.init(HiveMetaStore.java:406)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.<init>(HiveMetaStore.java:365)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.<init>(RetryingHMSHandler.java:55)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.getProxy(RetryingHMSHandler.java:60)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:4953)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.startMetaStore(HiveMetaStore.java:5174)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.main(HiveMetaStore.java:5093)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:212)
NestedThrowablesStackTrace:|

 由报错信息猜想hive元数据表创建失败，通过查看mysql中hive的元数据库，果真里面一张表都没有。　

 通过”Either your MetaData is incorrect, or you need to enable "datanucleus.autoCreateTables"  初步判断可能是因为这个属性没有设置。一顿百度后，看到一个帖子http://blog.csdn.net/eason_oracle/article/details/52273954，说是修改hive-site.xml:

照着做修改完后重启hive-metastore和hiveserver2，还是没有生成元数据表。

纠结了好久，确定了hive元数据库没有初始化是罪魁祸首，最后，得知hive可以通过命令初始化元数据库

第一次需要执行初始化命令：schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

查看那初始化后的信息   schematool -dbType mysql -info

进入hive的bin目录下执行schematool脚本 :./schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

[root@node04 bin]# ./schematool  -dbType mysql -initSchema
Metastore connection URL:        jdbc:mysql://node04:3306/metastore?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
Metastore Connection Driver :    com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Metastore connection User:       hive
Starting metastore schema initialization to 0.13.0
Initialization script hive-schema-0.13.0.mysql.sql
Initialization script completed
schemaTool completed

 查看初始化信息：

[root@node04 bin]# ./schematool -dbType mysql -info
Metastore connection URL:        jdbc:mysql://node04:3306/metastore?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
Metastore Connection Driver :    com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Metastore connection User:       hive
Hive distribution version:       0.13.0
Metastore schema version:        0.13.0
schemaTool completed

 查看hive的元数据库，发现表已经生成了

mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_metastore       |
+---------------------------+
| BUCKETING_COLS            |
| CDS                       |
| COLUMNS_V2                |
| COMPACTION_QUEUE          |
| COMPLETED_TXN_COMPONENTS  |
| DATABASE_PARAMS           |
| DBS                       |
| DB_PRIVS                  |
| DELEGATION_TOKENS         |
| FUNCS                     |
| FUNC_RU                   |
| GLOBAL_PRIVS              |
| HIVE_LOCKS                |
| IDXS                      |
| INDEX_PARAMS              |
| MASTER_KEYS               |
| NEXT_COMPACTION_QUEUE_ID  |
| NEXT_LOCK_ID              |
| NEXT_TXN_ID               |
| NUCLEUS_TABLES            |
| PARTITIONS                |
| PARTITION_EVENTS          |
| PARTITION_KEYS            |
| PARTITION_KEY_VALS        |
| PARTITION_PARAMS          |
| PART_COL_PRIVS            |
| PART_COL_STATS            |
| PART_PRIVS                |
| ROLES                     |
| ROLE_MAP                  |
| SDS                       |
| SD_PARAMS                 |
| SEQUENCE_TABLE            |
| SERDES                    |
| SERDE_PARAMS              |
| SKEWED_COL_NAMES          |
| SKEWED_COL_VALUE_LOC_MAP  |
| SKEWED_STRING_LIST        |
| SKEWED_STRING_LIST_VALUES |
| SKEWED_VALUES             |
| SORT_COLS

重启metastore和hiveserver2

beeline连接hiveserve2成功

[root@node05 ~]# beeline
Beeline version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.0 by Apache Hive
beeline> !connect jdbc:hive2://node04:10000 hive
scan complete in 4ms
Connecting to jdbc:hive2://node04:10000
Enter password for jdbc:hive2://node04:10000: ****
Connected to: Apache Hive (version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.0)
Driver: Hive JDBC (version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.0)
Transaction isolation: TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
0: jdbc:hive2://node04:10000> show tables;
+-----------+--+
| tab_name  |
+-----------+--+
+-----------+--+
No rows selected (0.261 seconds)

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/diudiu2025/article/details/51890673

http://blog.csdn.net/eason_oracle/article/details/52273954

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/zwgblog/p/6063993.html