关于WEB Service&WCF&WebApi实现身份验证之WCF篇(2)

因前段时间工作变动(换了新工作)及工作较忙暂时中断了该系列文章,今天难得有点空闲时间,就继续总结WCF身份验证的其它方法。前面总结了三种方法(详见:关于WEB Service&WCF&WebApi实现身份验证之WCF篇(1)),今天又将分享三种方法,完成WCF篇。

第四种:SOAP Header验证

首先定义一个WCF服务契约及服务实现类(后面的各种验证均采用该WCF服务),我这里直接采用默认的代码,如下:

服务契约定义:

namespace WcfService1
{
    // 注意: 使用“重构”菜单上的“重命名”命令,可以同时更改代码和配置文件中的接口名“IService1”。
    [ServiceContract(Namespace="http://www.zuowenjun.cn")]
    public interface IService1
    {

        [OperationContract]
        string GetData(int value);

        [OperationContract]
        CompositeType GetDataUsingDataContract(CompositeType composite);

        // TODO: 在此添加您的服务操作
    }


    // 使用下面示例中说明的数据约定将复合类型添加到服务操作。
    [DataContract]
    public class CompositeType
    {
        bool boolValue = true;
        string stringValue = "Hello ";

        [DataMember]
        public bool BoolValue
        {
            get { return boolValue; }
            set { boolValue = value; }
        }

        [DataMember]
        public string StringValue
        {
            get { return stringValue; }
            set { stringValue = value; }
        }
    }
}

服务实现Service1.svc:

namespace WcfService1
{
    public class Service1 : IService1
    {
        public string GetData(int value)
        {
            return string.Format("You entered: {0}", value);
        }

        public CompositeType GetDataUsingDataContract(CompositeType composite)
        {
            if (composite == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("composite");
            }
            if (composite.BoolValue)
            {
                composite.StringValue += "Suffix";
            }
            return composite;
        }
    }
}

 然后就开始编写实现SOAP Header验证的具体逻辑,为了便于扩展及可移植性,我这里新建一个类库项目:WcfServiceBehaviorExtension,在该项目中定义三个类,第一个是实现自IClientMessageInspector的类:AttachUserNamePasswordInspector,用于实现客户端在调用WCF服务时自动附加用户信息(用户名及密码);第二个是实现自IDispatchMessageInspector, IEndpointBehavior的类:ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior,用于实现自定义消息分发及验证用户信息;第三个是继承自BehaviorExtensionElement的类:ValidateUserNamePasswordElement,用于实现endpointBehavior扩展,可直接配置在config文件中,若采用在代码动态添加ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior则这类可以不用定义,下面依次分享这三个类的实现代码。

AttachUserNamePasswordInspector

namespace WcfServiceBehaviorExtension
{
    public class AttachUserNamePasswordInspector : IClientMessageInspector
    {
        private static string userName = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["username"];
        private static string password = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["pwd"];

        public void AfterReceiveReply(ref System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message reply, object correlationState)
        {
            
        }

        public object BeforeSendRequest(ref System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message request, System.ServiceModel.IClientChannel channel)
        {
            MessageHeader userNameHeader = MessageHeader.CreateHeader("OperationUserName", "http://www.zuowenjun.cn", userName, false, "");
            MessageHeader pwdNameHeader = MessageHeader.CreateHeader("OperationPwd", "http://www.zuowenjun.cn", password, false, "");

            request.Headers.Add(userNameHeader);
            request.Headers.Add(pwdNameHeader);
            return null;
        }
    }
}

ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior

namespace WcfServiceBehaviorExtension
{

    public class ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior : IDispatchMessageInspector, IEndpointBehavior
    {

        #region IDispatchMessageInspector 成员


        private string GetHeaderValue(string key)
        {

            int index = OperationContext.Current.IncomingMessageHeaders.FindHeader(key, "http://www.zuowenjun.cn");

            if (index >= 0)
            {
                return OperationContext.Current.IncomingMessageHeaders.GetHeader<string>(index).ToString();
            }

            return null;
        }



        public object AfterReceiveRequest(ref System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message request, System.ServiceModel.IClientChannel channel, System.ServiceModel.InstanceContext instanceContext)
        {
            string username = GetHeaderValue("OperationUserName");
            string pwd = GetHeaderValue("OperationPwd");

            if (!(username == "admin" && pwd == "wcf.admin"))
            {
                throw new FaultException("操作的用户名或密码不正确!");
            }
            return null;

        }



        public void BeforeSendReply(ref System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message reply, object correlationState)
        {

        }



        #endregion



        #region IEndpointBehavior 成员



        public void AddBindingParameters(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, System.ServiceModel.Channels.BindingParameterCollection bindingParameters)
        {

        }



        public void ApplyClientBehavior(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ClientRuntime clientRuntime)
        {
            clientRuntime.MessageInspectors.Add(new AttachUserNamePasswordInspector());
        }



        public void ApplyDispatchBehavior(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.EndpointDispatcher endpointDispatcher)
        {
            endpointDispatcher.DispatchRuntime.MessageInspectors.Add(new ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior());
        }



        public void Validate(ServiceEndpoint endpoint)
        {
        }



        #endregion

    }

}

ValidateUserNamePasswordElement

namespace WcfServiceBehaviorExtension
{
    public class ValidateUserNamePasswordElement: BehaviorExtensionElement
    {
        public override Type BehaviorType
        {
            get { return typeof(ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior); }
        }

        protected override object CreateBehavior()
        {
            return new ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior();
        }
    }
}

定义好上述类后,我们再在WCF服务项目:WcfService1中引用该项目,然后修改配置文件web.config:

  <system.serviceModel>
    <extensions>
      <behaviorExtensions>
        <add name="soapHaderValidation" type="WcfServiceBehaviorExtension.ValidateUserNamePasswordElement,WcfServiceBehaviorExtension"/>
      </behaviorExtensions>
    </extensions>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="service1behavior">
          <soapHaderValidation />
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
    </behaviors> 
    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
    <services>
      <service name="WcfService1.Service1">
        <endpoint binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WcfService1.IService1" behaviorConfiguration="service1behavior"></endpoint>
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>

注意以下几点:

1.配置extensions > behaviorExtensions节点,里面添加ValidateUserNamePasswordElement类型信息,name为自定义名称,type为ValidateUserNamePasswordElement的完整类型名称,中间加逗号分隔,后面是该类所在的程序集名称;

2.配置endpointBehaviors > behavior节点,增加1中命名的节点soapHaderValidation,这里可能会报错误,但请不要理会,因为该节点在运行时才会生效的。

3.配置endpoint节点,需要添加behaviorConfiguration属性,并指定到2中所相对应的behavior

上述配置说白了就是配置自定义的服务行为类,使用在运行时注入到WCF服务管道中。

 服务端设置好后并发布运行,最后就是客户端引用该WCF服务,同时需要引用WcfServiceBehaviorExtension项目,然后修改配置文件app.config(我这里演示采用的是控制台程序):

    <system.serviceModel>
      <extensions>
        <behaviorExtensions>
          <add name="soapHaderValidation" type="WcfServiceBehaviorExtension.ValidateUserNamePasswordElement,WcfServiceBehaviorExtension"/>
        </behaviorExtensions>
      </extensions>
      <behaviors>
        <endpointBehaviors>
          <behavior name="service1behavior">
            <soapHaderValidation />
          </behavior>
        </endpointBehaviors>
      </behaviors>
        <bindings>
            <wsHttpBinding>
                <binding name="WSHttpBinding_IService1" />
            </wsHttpBinding>
        </bindings>
        <client>
            <endpoint address="http://localhost:7704/Service1.svc" binding="wsHttpBinding"
                bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_IService1" contract="ServiceReference.IService1"
                name="WSHttpBinding_IService1" behaviorConfiguration="service1behavior">
            </endpoint>
        </client>
    </system.serviceModel>

注意事项与服务端配置文件相同,即需要配置extensions > behaviorExtensions节点、endpointBehaviors > behavior节点、endpoint节点添加behaviorConfiguration属性

另还需在appSettings节点中增加配置用户名及密码

配置好后就可以在程序中调用WCF服务,调用方法过程与普通的调用方法相同,并无其它区别。当然如果不想在客户端配置自定义节点及,可以通过以下代码来动态的添加用户名及密码信息:

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            try
            {
                var client = new ServiceReference.Service1Client();
                using (OperationContextScope contextScope = new OperationContextScope(client.InnerChannel))
                {
                    AppendUserInfoHeader("admin", "wcf.admin");
                    string str = client.GetData(1);
                    Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("ERROR:{0}", ex.Message);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("我是主线程!");
            Console.Read();
        }


        static void AppendUserInfoHeader(string username, string pwd)
        {
            MessageHeader header = MessageHeader.CreateHeader("OperationUserName", "http://www.zuowenjun.cn", username);
            OperationContext.Current.OutgoingMessageHeaders.Add(header);

            header = MessageHeader.CreateHeader("OperationPwd", "http://www.zuowenjun.cn", pwd);
            OperationContext.Current.OutgoingMessageHeaders.Add(header);

        }

第五种:集成Windows用户组授权与认证

首先,在实现服务契约时,我们在需要授权与认证的类或方法中添加PrincipalPermission特性,代码如下:

        [PrincipalPermission(SecurityAction.Demand,Role="Users")]
        public string GetData(int value)
        {
            return string.Format("You entered: {0}", value);
        }

这里我配置的是只有当请求的WINDOWS凭证的用户角色类型为Users才允许调用该方法,可以设置成其它角色或指定用户名(Name)等。

然后修改配置文件,配置如下:

  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="service1behavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true"/>
          <serviceAuthorization principalPermissionMode="UseWindowsGroups"></serviceAuthorization>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
    <services>
      <service name="WcfService1.Service1" behaviorConfiguration="service1behavior">
        <endpoint name="service1" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WcfService1.IService1" ></endpoint>
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>

这里需要注意,需配置serviceBehaviors > behavior > serviceAuthorization节点,将principalPermissionMode属性设为:UseWindowsGroups,并同时在service节点上指定behaviorConfiguration即可。

最后客户端正常引用该WCF服务,然后在调用WCF服务时,需要创建WindowsClientCredential对象,并指定用户名与密码,这里的用户名与密码均为该WCF服务端上服务器上的WINDOWS用户名及密码,具体代码如下:

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            try
            {
                var client = new ServiceReference.Service1Client();
                NetworkCredential credential = client.ChannelFactory.Credentials.Windows.ClientCredential;
                credential.UserName = "test";
                credential.Password = "test";

                string str = client.GetData(1);
                Console.WriteLine(str); ;

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("ERROR:{0}", ex.Message);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("我是主线程!");
            Console.Read();
        }

第六种:集成Windows验证

服务定义与实现与文章开头贴出的代码相同,无任何特殊的地方,唯一的区别在于配置文件,如下:

  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <bindings>
      <basicHttpBinding>
        <binding name="service1binding">
          <security mode="TransportCredentialOnly">
            <transport clientCredentialType="Windows"></transport>
          </security>
        </binding>
      </basicHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
    <services>
      <service name="WcfService1.Service1" >
        <endpoint name="service1" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="service1binding" contract="WcfService1.IService1" ></endpoint>
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>

注意事项:

1.绑定类型,我这里采用basicHttpBinding(不是每个绑定都支持WINDOWS验证的),同时需配置该绑定类型的security节点,mode设为TransportCredentialOnly,transport.clientCredentialType设为Windows。

完成上述配置后再直接访问WCF服务地址时,弹出需要输入用户名及密码,就表明WINDOWS验证已生效,接下来就是客户端引用该WCF服务,引用后配置文件自动进行了相应的更新,这里我们无需修改,然后在调用WCF服务时需要传入WindowsClientCredential对象,并指定用户名与密码,这里的用户名与密码均为该WCF服务端上服务器上的WINDOWS用户名及密码,与第五种相同代码就不贴出来了。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zuowj/p/5078500.html