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本项目github地址：https://github.com/wangqifan/ZhiHu
UserManage是获取用户信息的爬虫模块
public class UserManage { private string html; private string url_token; }
构造函数
用户主页的uRL格式为"https://www.zhihu.com/people/"+url_token+"/following";
public UserManage(string urltoken) { url_token = urltoken; }
先封装一个获取html页面的方法
private bool GetHtml() { string url="https://www.zhihu.com/people/"+url_token+"/following"; html = HttpHelp.DownLoadString(url); return !string.IsNullOrEmpty(html); }
拿到了html页面，接下来是剥取页面中的JSON，借助HtmlAgilityPack
public void analyse() { if (GetHtml()) { try { Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch(); watch.Start(); HtmlDocument doc = new HtmlAgilityPack.HtmlDocument(); doc.LoadHtml(html); HtmlNode node = doc.GetElementbyId("data"); StringBuilder stringbuilder =new StringBuilder(node.GetAttributeValue("data-state", "")); stringbuilder.Replace(""", "'"); stringbuilder.Replace("<", "<"); stringbuilder.Replace(">", ">"); watch.Stop(); Console.WriteLine("分析Html用了{0}毫秒", watch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString()); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString()); } } }
添加用户的关注列表的链接
private void GetUserFlowerandNext(string json) { string foollowed = "https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/members/" + url_token + "/followers?include=data%5B*%5D.answer_count%2Carticles_count%2Cfollower_count%2Cis_followed%2Cis_following%2Cbadge%5B%3F(type%3Dbest_answerer)%5D.topics&offset=0&limit=20"; string following = "https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/members/" + url_token + "/followees?include=data%5B%2A%5D.answer_count%2Carticles_count%2Cfollower_count%2Cis_followed%2Cis_following%2Cbadge%5B%3F%28type%3Dbest_answerer%29%5D.topics&limit=20&offset=0"; RedisCore.PushIntoList(1, "nexturl", following); RedisCore.PushIntoList(1, "nexturl", foollowed); }
对json数据进一步剥取，只要用户的信息，借助JSON解析工具Newtonsoft.Json
private void GetUserInformation(string json) { JObject obj = JObject.Parse(json); string xpath = "['" + url_token + "']"; JToken tocken = obj.SelectToken("['entities']").SelectToken("['users']").SelectToken(xpath); RedisCore.PushIntoList(2, "User", tocken.ToString()); }
现在来完成下analyse函数
public void analyse()
{
if (GetHtml())
{
try
{
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
HtmlDocument doc = new HtmlAgilityPack.HtmlDocument();
doc.LoadHtml(html);
HtmlNode node = doc.GetElementbyId("data");
StringBuilder stringbuilder =new StringBuilder(node.GetAttributeValue("data-state", ""));
stringbuilder.Replace(""", "'");
stringbuilder.Replace("<", "<");
stringbuilder.Replace(">", ">");
GetUserInformation(stringbuilder.ToString());
GetUserFlowerandNext(stringbuilder.ToString());
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("分析Html用了{0}毫秒", watch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
}
}
}
}
UrlTask是从nexturl队列获取用户的关注列表的url，获取关注列表。服务器返回的Json的数据
封装一个对象的序列化和反序列化的类
public class SerializeHelper { /// <summary> /// 对数据进行序列化 /// </summary> /// <param name="value"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string SerializeToString(object value) { return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(value); } /// <summary> /// 反序列化操作 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="str"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static T DeserializeToObject<T>(string str) { return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(str); } }
封装UrlTask类
public class UrlTask
{
private string url { get; set; }
private string JSONstring { get; set; }
public UrlTask(string _url)
{
url = _url;
}
}
添加一个获取资源的方法
private bool GetHtml()
{
JSONstring= HttpHelp.DownLoadString(url);
Console.WriteLine("Json下载完成");
return !string.IsNullOrEmpty(JSONstring);
}
解析json方法
public void Analyse()
{
try
{
if (GetHtml())
{
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
followerResult result = SerializeHelper.DeserializeToObject<followerResult>(JSONstring);
if (!result.paging.is_end)
{
RedisCore.PushIntoList(1, "nexturl", result.paging.next);
}
foreach (var item in result.data)
{
int type=Math.Abs(item.GetHashCode())% 3 + 3;
if (RedisCore.InsetIntoHash(type, "urltokenhash", item.url_token, "存在"))
{
RedisCore.PushIntoList(1, "urltoken", item.url_token);
}
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("解析json用了{0}毫秒",watch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString());
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
}
}
解析：如果result.paging.is_end为true，那么这个是用户关注列表的最后一页，那么它的nexturl应该加入队列，负责不要加入，对于后面的用户数组，因为信息不去全，不要了，有了Id前往主页获取详细信息。
模块组合
封装一个一个方法，从队列拿到nextutl，前往用户的关注列表，拿到更多用户ID
private static void GetNexturl()
{
string nexturl = RedisCore.PopFromList(1, "nexturl");
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(nexturl))
{
UrlTask task = new UrlTask(nexturl);
task.Analyse();
}
}
封装一个方法，循环从队列获取用户的urltoken（如果队列空了，执行GetNexturl），前往用户主页，获取信息
private static void GetUser(object data)
{
while (true)
{
string url_token = RedisCore.PopFromList(1, "urltoken");
Console.WriteLine(url_token);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(url_token))
{
UserManage manage = new UserManage(url_token);
manage.analyse();
}
else
{
GetNexturl();
}
}
}
在main函数里面执行这些方法，由于任务量大，采用多线程，线程数视情况而定
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(GetUser);
}
添加种子数据，用于刚开始时候队列都是空的，需要添加种子数据
- 手动添加，在redile-cl.exe敲命令
- 在main函数中加入
UserTask task=new UserTask(“某个用户的uRLtoken”);
task.analyse();
执行一次之后要注释掉，避免重复