linux网络编程：用C语言实现的聊天程序（同步通信）

http://blog.chinaunix.net/space.php?uid=8196371&do=blog&id=1641031

通过TCP协议，用C语言实现的同步聊天程序，注释写的比较详细，个人觉得对字符串处理比较充分，能够正常编译运行，拿出来和大家分享一下！

1、客户端源代码：

#include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define BUFLEN 10

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int sockfd;
    struct sockaddr_in s_addr;
    socklen_t len;
    unsigned int port;
    char buf[BUFLEN];    
    
    /*建立socket*/
    if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1){
        perror("socket");
        exit(errno);
    }else
        printf("socket create success! ");

    /*设置服务器端口*/    
    if(argv[2])
        port = atoi(argv[2]);
    else
        port = 4567;
    /*设置服务器ip*/
    bzero(&s_addr, sizeof(s_addr));
    s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    s_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
    if (inet_aton(argv[1], (struct in_addr *)&s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr) == 0) {
        perror(argv[1]);
        exit(errno);
    }
    /*开始连接服务器*/    
    if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&s_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1){
        perror("connect");
        exit(errno);
    }else
        printf("conncet success! ");
    
    while(1){
        /******接收消息*******/
        bzero(buf,BUFLEN);
        len = recv(sockfd,buf,BUFLEN,0);
        if(len > 0)
            printf("服务器发来的消息是：%s,共有字节数是: %d ",buf,len);
        else{
            if(len < 0 )
                printf("接受消息失败！ ");
            else
                printf("服务器退出了，聊天终止！ ");
            break;    
        }
    _retry:    
        /******发送消息*******/    
        bzero(buf,BUFLEN);
        printf("请输入发送给对方的消息：");
        /*fgets函数：从流中读取BUFLEN-1个字符*/
        fgets(buf,BUFLEN,stdin);
        /*打印发送的消息*/
        //fputs(buf,stdout);
        if(!strncasecmp(buf,"quit",4)){
            printf("client 请求终止聊天! ");
            break;
        }
        /*如果输入的字符串只有" "，即回车，那么请重新输入*/
        if(!strncmp(buf," ",1)){
            printf("输入的字符只有回车，这个是不正确的！！！ ");
            goto _retry;
        }
        /*如果buf中含有'n'，那么要用strlen(buf)-1，去掉'n'*/    
        if(strchr(buf,'n'))
            len = send(sockfd,buf,strlen(buf)-1,0);
        /*如果buf中没有'n'，则用buf的真正长度strlen(buf)*/    
        else
            len = send(sockfd,buf,strlen(buf),0);
        if(len > 0)
            printf("消息发送成功，本次共发送的字节数是：%d ",len);            
        else{
            printf("消息发送失败! ");
            break;            
        }
    }
    /*关闭连接*/
    close(sockfd);

    return 0;
}

2、服务器源代码：

  1. #include <stdio.h>
  2. #include <stdlib.h>
  3. #include <string.h>
  4. #include <errno.h>
  5. #include <sys/socket.h>
  6. #include <arpa/inet.h>
  7. #include <netinet/in.h>
  8. #include <sys/types.h>
  9. #include <unistd.h>

  11. #define BUFLEN 10

  13. int main(int argc, char **argv)
  14. {
  15.     int sockfd, newfd;
  16.     struct sockaddr_in s_addr, c_addr;
  17.     char buf[BUFLEN];
  18.     socklen_t len;
  19.     unsigned int port, listnum;
  20.     
  21.     /*建立socket*/
  22.     if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1){
  23.         perror("socket");
  24.         exit(errno);
  25.     }else
  26.         printf("socket create success! ");
  27.     /*设置服务器端口*/    
  28.     if(argv[2])
  29.         port = atoi(argv[2]);
  30.     else
  31.         port = 4567;
  32.     /*设置侦听队列长度*/
  33.     if(argv[3])
  34.         listnum = atoi(argv[3]);
  35.     else
  36.         listnum = 3;
  37.     /*设置服务器ip*/
  38.     bzero(&s_addr, sizeof(s_addr));
  39.     s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  40.     s_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
  41.     if(argv[1])
  42.         s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
  43.     else
  44.         s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
  45.     /*把地址和端口帮定到套接字上*/
  46.     if((bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*) &s_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr))) == -1){
  47.         perror("bind");
  48.         exit(errno);
  49.     }else
  50.         printf("bind success! ");
  51.     /*侦听本地端口*/
  52.     if(listen(sockfd,listnum) == -1){
  53.         perror("listen");
  54.         exit(errno);    
  55.     }else
  56.         printf("the server is listening! ");
  57.     while(1){
  58.         printf("*****************聊天开始*************** ");
  59.         len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
  60.         if((newfd = accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*) &c_addr, &len)) == -1){
  61.             perror("accept");        
  62.             exit(errno);
  63.         }else
  64.             printf("正在与您聊天的客户端是：%s: %d ",inet_ntoa(c_addr.sin_addr),ntohs(c_addr.sin_port));
  65.         while(1){
  66.         _retry:
  67.             /******发送消息*******/
  68.             bzero(buf,BUFLEN);
  69.             printf("请输入发送给对方的消息：");
  70.             /*fgets函数：从流中读取BUFLEN-1个字符*/
  71.             fgets(buf,BUFLEN,stdin);
  72.             /*打印发送的消息*/
  73.             //fputs(buf,stdout);
  74.             if(!strncasecmp(buf,"quit",4)){
  75.                 printf("server 请求终止聊天! ");
  76.                 break;
  77.             }
  78.             /*如果输入的字符串只有" "，即回车，那么请重新输入*/
  79.             if(!strncmp(buf," ",1)){
  80.                 printf("输入的字符只有回车，这个是不正确的！！！ ");
  81.                 goto _retry;
  82.             }    
  83.             /*如果buf中含有'n'，那么要用strlen(buf)-1，去掉'n'*/            
  84.             if(strchr(buf,'n'))
  85.                 len = send(newfd,buf,strlen(buf)-1,0);
  86.             /*如果buf中没有'n'，则用buf的真正长度strlen(buf)*/    
  87.             else
  88.                 len = send(newfd,buf,strlen(buf),0);
  89.             if(len > 0)
  90.                 printf("消息发送成功，本次共发送的字节数是：%d ",len);            
  91.             else{
  92.                 printf("消息发送失败! ");
  93.                 break;            
  94.             }
  95.             /******接收消息*******/
  96.             bzero(buf,BUFLEN);
  97.             len = recv(newfd,buf,BUFLEN,0);
  98.             if(len > 0)
  99.                 printf("客户端发来的信息是：%s,共有字节数是: %d ",buf,len);
  100.             else{
  101.                 if(len < 0 )
  102.                     printf("接受消息失败！ ");
  103.                 else
  104.                     printf("客户端退出了，聊天终止！ ");
  105.                 break;        
  106.             }
  107.         }
  108.         /*关闭聊天的套接字*/
  109.         close(newfd);
  110.         /*是否退出服务器*/
  111.         printf("服务器是否退出程序：y->是；n->否? ");
  112.         bzero(buf, BUFLEN);
  113.         fgets(buf,BUFLEN, stdin);
  114.         if(!strncasecmp(buf,"y",1)){
  115.             printf("server 退出! ");
  116.             break;
  117.         }
  118.     }
  119.     /*关闭服务器的套接字*/
  120.     close(sockfd);
  121.     return 0;
  122. }

3、编译源代码：
new@new-desktop:~/linux/c$ gcc -Wall sync-client.c -o sync-client
new@new-desktop:~/linux/c$ gcc -Wall sync-server.c -o sync-server

4、运行服务器程序：
new@new-desktop:~/linux/c$ ./sync-server 127.0.0.1 4567
socket create success!
bind success!
the server is listening!
*****************聊天开始***************
正在与您聊天的客户端是：127.0.0.1: 48639
请输入发送给对方的消息：client
消息发送成功，本次共发送的字节数是：6
客户端发来的信息是：server,共有字节数是: 6
请输入发送给对方的消息：

5、运行客户端程序：
new@new-desktop:~/linux/c$ ./sync-client 127.0.0.1 4567
socket create success!
conncet success!
服务器发来的消息是：client,共有字节数是: 6
请输入发送给对方的消息：server
消息发送成功，本次共发送的字节数是：6

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/ztguang/p/12647391.html