inotify企业工作场景：
inotify是一种强大的、细粒度的、异步的文件系统事件监控机制，使用的软件有inotify，sersync
具体操作：
1.准备环境，配置好rsync，确定可以拉取推送文件，然后在客户端配inotify
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r #查看一下内核版本，要在2.6.13以上才行 [root@localhost ~]# ls -l /proc/sys/fs/inotify/ #显示三个文件则证明支持 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 23 05:49 max_queued_events#监控的数量在这里 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 23 05:49 max_user_instances# -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 23 05:49 max_user_watches
2.下载inotify的源码包
[root@localhost tools]# wget http://github.com/downloads/rvoicilas/inotify-tools/inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz
下载完记得看一下啊：
[root@localhost tools]# ls inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz
3.解压源码包并编译安装
[root@localhost tools]# tar -xf inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz [root@localhost tools]# cd inotify-tools-3.14 [root@localhost inotify-tools-3.14]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/inontify-tools-3.14 [root@localhost inotify-tools-3.14]# make&&make install
4.创建软连接
[root@localhost tools]# ln -s /usr/local/inontify-tools-3.14 /usr/local/inontify [root@localhost inontify]# ll total 16 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 06:07 bin#inoyify执行命令（二进制） drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 23 06:07 include#inotify程序所需的头文件 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 06:07 lib#动态链路的库文件 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Sep 23 06:07 share#帮助文件
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inotifywait命令常用参数详情
-r|--recursive Watch directories recursively.#递归查询目录 --fromfile <file> Read files to watch from <file> or `-' for stdin. -o|--outfile <file> Print events to <file> rather than stdout. -s|--syslog Send errors to syslog rather than stderr. -q|--quiet Print less (only print events).#打印监控事件的信息 -qq Print nothing (not even events). --format <fmt> Print using a specified printf-like format string; read the man page for more details. --timefmt <fmt> strftime-compatible format string for use with %T in --format string. -c|--csv Print events in CSV format. -t|--timeout <seconds>#指定时间输出的格式 When listening for a single event, time out after waiting for an event for <seconds> seconds. If <seconds> is 0, inotifywait will never time out. -m|--monitor Keep listening for events forever. Without this option, inotifywait will exit after one event is received.#始终保持时间监听状态 -d|--daemon Same as --monitor, except run in the background logging events to a file specified by --outfile. Implies --syslog. -h|--help Show this help text. @<file> Exclude the specified file from being watched. --exclude <pattern> Exclude all events on files matching the extended regular expression <pattern>. --excludei <pattern>#排除文件或目录时，不区分大小写 Like --exclude but case insensitive. -e|--event <event1> [ -e|--event <event2> ... ]#通过此参数可以指定需要监控的事件，如下所示： Listen for specific event(s). If omitted, all events are listened for.#注意这个参数是配合下面的参数用的 Events: access file or directory contents were read#文件或目录被读取 modify file or directory contents were written#文件或目录内容被修改 attrib file or directory attributes changed#文件或目录属性被改变 close_write file or directory closed, after being opened in writeable mode#写入文件关闭时的事件 close_nowrite file or directory closed, after being opened in read-only mode close file or directory closed, regardless of read/write mode#文件或目录封闭，无论读/写模式 open file or directory opened#文件按目录被打开 moved_to file or directory moved to watched directory文件或目录被移至另外一个目录 moved_from file or directory moved from watched directory move file or directory moved to or from watched directory#文件或目录被移动另一个目录或从另一个目录移动至当前目录 create file or directory created within watched directory#文件或目录被创建再当前目录 delete file or directory deleted within watched directory#文件或目录被删除 delete_self file or directory was deleted unmount file system containing file or directory unmounted#文件系统被卸载
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5.人工测试监控事件
测试create：
[root@localhost inontify]# /usr/local/inontify-tools-3.14/bin/inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%d/%m/%y %H:%M' --format '%T %w%f' -e create /backup
再开一个连接然后在监控的目录建立文件，这样就可以看见原来的CRT窗口内容会改变
[root@localhost backup]# touch 6.txt 24/09/19 00:46 /backup/6.txt
测试delete和create：
[root@localhost inontify]# /usr/local/inontify-tools-3.14/bin/inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%d/%m/%y %H:%M' --format '%T %w%f' -e create，delete /backup
6.编写实时监控脚本
脚本要放在一个固定的位置：/server/scriots下
[root@localhost scriots]# vim inotify.sh #!/bin/sh cmd="/usr/local/inontify/bin/inotifywait" $cmd -mrq --format '%T %w%f' -e create,close_write,delete /backup| while read line do rsync -az --deldet $line rsync_backup@192.168.157.132::oldboy --password-file=/etc/rsync.password done
7.事件相关参数大小：
[root@localhost scriots]# cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events 16384#改成327679 [root@localhost scriots]# cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_instances 128 [root@localhost scriots]# cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches 8192#改成50000000
inotify的缺点：
1.并发不能大于200个文件
2.一般的脚本，每次都是全部推送一次