本博客整理自慕客网Android智能机器人“小慕”的实现。
通过本课程主要可以学到两个知识点：
1、第三方API 图灵机器人的使用
2、ListView多种Item布局时的处理，实现聊天对话的界面
说明：使用图灵机器人需要首先注册相关账号，网址为：http://www.tuling123.com/openapi/
1、编写一个工具类实现消息发送与接收
public class HttpUtils {
private static final String URL = "http://www.tuling123.com/openapi/api";
private static final String API_KEY = "080390332ce0704a54cd5a3aaf70f443";
public static String doGet(String msg) {
String result = "";
String url = setParams(msg);
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null;
InputStream is = null;
try {
java.net.URL urlNet = new java.net.URL(url);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) urlNet.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(5 * 1000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
is = conn.getInputStream();
int len = -1;
byte[] buf = new byte[128];
baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
while((len = is.read(buf)) != -1) {
baos.write(buf, 0, len);
}
baos.flush();
result = new String(baos.toByteArray());
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
baos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
private static String setParams(String msg) {
String url = "";
try {
url = URL + "?key=" + API_KEY + "&info=" + URLEncoder.encode(msg, "UTF-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return url;
}
}2、搭建测试环境，对工具类进行测试
在AndroidManifest.xml作如下配置：
</pre><pre name="code" class="html"><uses-library android:name="android.test.runner"/>
<instrumentation android:targetPackage="com.zong.tulingrobot"
android:label="This is a test"
android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"></instrumentation>测试类：public class TestHttpUtils extends AndroidTestCase {
public void testSendInfo() {
String res = HttpUtils.doGet("给我讲个笑话");
Log.e("TAG", res);
res = HttpUtils.doGet("给我讲个鬼故事");
Log.e("TAG", res);
res = HttpUtils.doGet("你好");
Log.e("TAG", res);
res = HttpUtils.doGet("你真美");
Log.e("TAG", res);
}
}
3、完成消息实体的编写
界面显示所需类：
public class ChatMessage {
private String name;
private String msg;
private Type type;
private Date date;
public enum Type {
INCOMING, OUTCOMING
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
public Type getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(Type type) {
this.type = type;
}
public Date getDate() {
return date;
}
public void setDate(Date date) {
this.date = date;
}
}服务端返回数据所需类：public class Result {
private int code;
private String text;
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(int code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getText() {
return text;
}
public void setText(String text) {
this.text = text;
}
}修改HttpUtils工具类，添加如下方法：public static ChatMessage sendMessage(String msg) {
ChatMessage chatMessage = new ChatMessage();
String jsonRes = doGet(msg);
Gson gson = new Gson();
Result result = null;
try {
result = gson.fromJson(jsonRes, Result.class);
chatMessage.setMsg(result.getText());
} catch (JsonSyntaxException e) {
chatMessage.setMsg("服务器繁忙，请稍候再试");
}
chatMessage.setDate(new Date());
chatMessage.setType(Type.INCOMING);
return chatMessage;
}其中用到把字符串转换成JSON对象的第三方库gson，下载地址：https://code.google.com/p/google-gson/4、完成ListView布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/id_from_msg_date"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:background="#bebebe"
android:text="2012-12-12 12:12:12"
android:textColor="#f5f5f5"
android:textSize="12sp"/>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<ImageView
android:layout_width="49dp"
android:layout_height="49dp"
android:src="@drawable/icon"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:text="小慕"
android:textSize="18sp"/>
</LinearLayout>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/id_from_msg_info"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@drawable/chatfrom_bg_normal"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:textSize="16sp"
android:text="你好"/>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
>
<RelativeLayout
android:id="@+id/id_ly_top"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="45dp"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:background="@drawable/title_bar">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:text="小慕"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:textSize="22sp" />
</RelativeLayout>
<RelativeLayout
android:id="@+id/id_ly_bottom"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="55dp"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:background="@drawable/bottom_bar">
<Button
android:id="@+id/id_send_msg"
android:layout_width="60dp"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:background="@drawable/send_btn_bg"
android:text="发送"/>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/id_input_msg"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/id_send_msg"
android:background="@drawable/login_edit_normal"
android:textSize="18sp"/>
</RelativeLayout>
<ListView
android:id="@+id/id_listview_msgs"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_above="@id/id_ly_bottom"
android:layout_below="@id/id_ly_top"
android:divider="@null"
android:dividerHeight="5dp">
</ListView>
</RelativeLayout>
public class ChatMessageAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
private LayoutInflater mInflater;
private List<ChatMessage> mDatas;
public ChatMessageAdapter(Context context, List<ChatMessage> mDatas) {
mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
this.mDatas = mDatas;
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return mDatas.size();
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return mDatas.get(position);
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ChatMessage chatMessage = mDatas.get(position);
ViewHolder viewHolder = null;
if(convertView == null) {
//通过ItemType设置不同的布局
if(getItemViewType(position) == 0) {
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item_from_msg, parent, false);
viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
viewHolder.mDate = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.id_from_msg_date);
viewHolder.mMsg = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.id_from_msg_info);
} else {
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item_to_msg, parent, false);
viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
viewHolder.mDate = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.id_to_msg_date);
viewHolder.mMsg = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.id_to_msg_info);
}
convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
} else {
viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
}
//设置数据
SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
viewHolder.mDate.setText(df.format(chatMessage.getDate()));
viewHolder.mMsg.setText(chatMessage.getMsg());
return convertView;
}
@Override
public int getItemViewType(int position) {
ChatMessage chatMessage = mDatas.get(position);
if(chatMessage.getType() == Type.INCOMING) {
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
@Override
public int getViewTypeCount() {
return 2;
}
private final class ViewHolder {
TextView mDate;
TextView mMsg;
}
}public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private ListView mMsgs;
private ChatMessageAdapter mAdapter;
private List<ChatMessage> mDatas;
private EditText mInputMsg;
private Button mSendMsg;
private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
//等待接收，子线程完成数据 的返回
ChatMessage fromMessage = (ChatMessage) msg.obj;
mDatas.add(fromMessage);
mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
mMsgs.setSelection(mDatas.size() - 1);
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
initDatas();
//初始化事件
initListener();
}
private void initView() {
mMsgs = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.id_listview_msgs);
mInputMsg = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.id_input_msg);
mSendMsg = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_send_msg);
}
private void initDatas() {
mDatas = new ArrayList<ChatMessage>();
mDatas.add(new ChatMessage("你好，小慕为你服务！", Type.INCOMING, new Date()));
mAdapter = new ChatMessageAdapter(this, mDatas);
mMsgs.setAdapter(mAdapter);
}
private void initListener() {
mSendMsg.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
final String toMsg = mInputMsg.getText().toString();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(toMsg)) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "发送消息不能为空！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
ChatMessage toMessage = new ChatMessage();
toMessage.setDate(new Date());
toMessage.setMsg(toMsg);
toMessage.setType(Type.OUTCOMING);
mDatas.add(toMessage);
mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
mMsgs.setSelection(mDatas.size() - 1);
mInputMsg.setText("");
new Thread() {
public void run() {
ChatMessage fromMessage = HttpUtils.sendMessage(toMsg);
Message m = Message.obtain();
m.obj = fromMessage;
mHandler.sendMessage(m);
}
}.start();
}
});
}
}源码下载
