Flutter安装

Flutter安装
安装flutterSDK
安装
配置环境变量
安装配置
升级flutter
vscode搭建环境
vscode创建项目
运行
普通运行
操作
热加载debugger
连接第三方模拟器
异常
启动异常Initialization gradle…
adb 提示adb server version(31) doesn't match this client（40）
flutter安装dart失败:
Could not resolve io.flutter:flutter_embedding_debug:1.0.0-6bc433c6b6b5b98dcf4cc11aff31cdee90849f32
下载包失败:Could not resolve all artifacts for configuration....

Flutter安装

操作系统: windows7以上64位操作系统
磁盘空间：大于3G,最好可以达到5G
安装java
安装flutter sdk
虚拟机

安装flutterSDK

安装

方法1:https://flutter.dev/docs/development/tools/sdk/releases#windows
- 下载的是压缩包,在安装位置解压;
方法2:git:

https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
国内镜像地址:
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/flutter-sdk.git
码云https://gitee.com/mirrors/Flutter的:https://gitee.com/mirrors/Flutter.git

建议:
使用码云的git
使用分支:stable

配置环境变量

path:将flutter的bin地址添加到环境变量的path中;
添加flutter镜像等配置FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL和PUB_HOSTED_URL;

中国库

FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL:https://storage.flutte-io.cn
PUB_HOSTED_URL:https://pub.flutter-io.cn

清华

PUB_HOSTED_URL:https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/dart-pub
FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL:https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/flutter

上海交通大学

FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL:https://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn
PUB_HOSTED_URL:https://dart-pub.mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn

我最终选择的是

PUB_HOSTED_URL:https://pub.flutter-io.cn
FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL:https://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.c

安装配置

双击运行安装路径/bin/flutter.bat
运行检查

flutter doctor

没有X之后运行

flutter doctor --android-licenses

一直输入y,完成配置

修改镜像:flutterpackagesflutter_toolsgradleflutter.gradle

buildscript {
    repositories {
// google()
// jcenter()
maven{url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google'}
maven{url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter'}
maven{url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public' }
maven { url "https://storage.googleapis.com/download.flutter.io" }
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.5.0'
    }
}

每一个项目配置

buildscript {
    repositories {
// google()
// jcenter()
maven{url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google'}
maven{url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter'}
maven{url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public' }
maven { url "https://storage.googleapis.com/download.flutter.io" }
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.5.0'  //这个版本号看自己的配置
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
// google()
// jcenter()
maven{url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google'}
maven{url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter'}
maven{url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public' }
maven { url "https://storage.googleapis.com/download.flutter.io" }
    }
}

升级flutter

升级

方法1:flutter upgrade
方法2:删除旧的sdk,重新下载

配置

双击运行安装路径/bin/flutter.bat
运行检查

flutter doctor

注意:flutter升级之后,有的项目就无法正常运行了,建议在项目根目录使用flutter clean清除配置,然后使用flutter pub get重新配置一下

vscode搭建环境

安装Dart/Flutter/Flutter Widget Snippets /Awesome Flutter Snippets/Android ios Emulator插件;

vscode创建项目

进入需要创建项目的文件夹

运行

flutter create 项目名

(可能需要安装cmake)

运行

普通运行

使用vscode打开项目文件夹,在终端输入flutter run,这种模式不能热加载,需要在命令行输入相应字符才能操作

操作

R:重启并热加载
r:热加载
h:帮助
d:分离
q:退出
p:显示网格,这个可以很好的掌握布局情况,工作中很有用。
o:切换android和ios的预览模式。
q:退出调试预览模式。

热加载debugger

左侧选择debugger的中的运行即可.

连接第三方模拟器

第三方模拟器需要开启root权限,若是有usb调试选项,也要开启

cmd进入Android sdk的platform-tools文件夹,运行adb连接代码

夜神模拟器：adb connect 127.0.0.1:62001

逍遥安卓模拟器：adb connect 127.0.0.1:21503

天天模拟器：adb connect 127.0.0.1:6555

海马玩模拟器：adb connect 127.0.0.1:53001

网易MUMU模拟器：adb connect 127.0.0.1:7555

原生模拟器：adb connect (你的IP地址)：5555

mumu:adb connect 127.0.0.1:7555

异常

启动异常`Initialization gradle…`

如果启动过程中一直卡在 Initialization gradle…

那就去gradle官网下载他的zip压缩包然后放在.gradlewrapperdistsgradle-4.10.2-all9fahxiiecdb76a5g3aw9oi8rv下把其他文件删除
gradle的版本要对应好

adb 提示adb server version(31) doesn't match this client（40）

adb的版本冲突问题,

将AndroidSDK的platform-tools和cmdline-tools和build-tools路径添加到path中,重启虚拟机(重连手机),重启Android SDK软件(最好重启软件),测试一下;
若是还有问题,可能是电脑之前安装过adb的服务,打开windows管理工具中的服务,看看有没有adb的,把这个服务停止(最好禁用了,不然每次都要停止一下),测试一下;
可能是端口冲突,这是因为你的电脑安装了，鲁大师手机助手，360手机助手占用了adb的端口引起的。
1. cmd输入netstat -ano|findstr “5037”,去查找5037对应的端口号的进程id 也就是pid。如果有相应的pid，就证明此端口5037有程序占用了
2. 输入tasklist |findstr “15828”,看到占用端口的软件,去吧这个软件停了
  1. 任务管理器的详细信息可以看到,右键结束即可(可以按照名字查找或者在表头右键显示pid,找到对应pid的程序);
  2. 使用代码强制结束:taskkill /pid 15828 -t -f

flutter安装dart失败:

打开flutter目录ininternal
打开engine.version
下载文件

https://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn/flutter_infra/flutter/文件内容/dart-sdk-darwin-x64.zip

下载的dart文件,解压,添加bin目录到path环境变量

添加环境变量FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL,值为https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn(注意不要有后面的flutter)

Could not resolve io.flutter:flutter_embedding_debug:1.0.0-6bc433c6b6b5b98dcf4cc11aff31cdee90849f32

进入flutterpackagesflutter_toolsgradle 目录下

aar_init_script.gradle
resolve_dependencies.gradle
flutter.gradle

将http://download.flutter.io 替换为: https://storage.googleapis.com/download.flutter.io

将
google()
jcenter()
替换为:
// google()
// jcenter()
maven{url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google'}
maven{url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter'}
maven{url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public' }
maven { url "https://storage.googleapis.com/download.flutter.io" }

下载包失败:Could not resolve all artifacts for configuration....

flutter在下载依赖失败或者flutter run运行的时候出现某个jar或者文件下载失败的时候,如下:

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
* What went wrong:
A problem occurred configuring project ':url_launcher'.
> Could not resolve all artifacts for configuration ':url_launcher:classpath'.
   > Could not download kotlin-reflect.jar (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-reflect:1.3.31)
      > Could not get resource 'https://jcenter.bintray.com/org/jetbrains/kotlin/kotlin-reflect/1.3.31/kotlin-reflect-1.3.31.jar'.
         > Could not GET 'https://d29vzk4ow07wi7.cloudfront.net/a0172daf57e511e8e0df9251b508db8aa6b885cdf0c5849addc9b840db4814f0?response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename%3D%22kotlin-reflect-1.3.31.jar%22&Policy=eyJTdGF0ZW1lbnQiOiBbeyJSZXNvdXJjZSI6Imh0dHAqOi8vZDI5dnprNG93MDd3aTcuY2xvdWRmcm9udC5uZXQvYTAxNzJkYWY1N2U1MTFlOGUwZGY5MjUxYjUwOGRiOGFhNmI4ODVjZGYwYzU4NDlhZGRjOWI4NDBkYjQ4MTRmMD9yZXNwb25zZS1jb250ZW50LWRpc3Bvc2l0aW9uPWF0dGFjaG1lbnQlM0JmaWxlbmFtZSUzRCUyMmtvdGxpbi1yZWZsZWN0LTEuMy4zMS5qYXIlMjIiLCJDb25kaXRpb24iOnsiRGF0ZUxlc3NUaGFuIjp7IkFXUzpFcG9jaFRpbWUiOjE1ODYyNTYzNDF9LCJJcEFkZHJlc3MiOnsiQVdTOlNvdXJjZUlwIjoiMC4wLjAuMC8wIn19fV19&Signature=g7IpNFZ30ml7BofrDRqxvVTOidUqrfYgiNEb4ykjpCzmiRKMLPNV19Zy09LSxB5zwo2bYkmGNyvVqBKiYL26uuTtFER5t5Z7YcQPfmb220WviYE~3fuSMLA84FAPTwweRwEO1ZXHWmMupgMO41ao6XfCzd9zSEzPC5o5yWXne4GZSPShEVmgHOg8nhL5G8WD5nUOQNxu9VeO7npIRzU5d6XkrB~pSPKkMkRNisl0LcxjuljT6FKbGtfnhm2uYvpGVNaDvIeff3Qp9Bx3gdmxBH6-AbzS-GxVf1xIBtzzoBqUyq6raz27mL8TIX7mROGomvOV0z5MhlRnG1Kl21UVIw__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIFKFWOMXM2UMTSFA'.
            > d29vzk4ow07wi7.cloudfront.net
   > Could not download kotlin-stdlib.jar (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.3.31)
      > Could not get resource 'https://jcenter.bintray.com/org/jetbrains/kotlin/kotlin-stdlib/1.3.31/kotlin-stdlib-1.3.31.jar'.
         > Could not GET 'https://d29vzk4ow07wi7.cloudfront.net/f38c84326543e66ed4895b20fb3ea0fca527fd5a040e1f49d0946ecf3d2b3b23?response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename%3D%22kotlin-stdlib-1.3.31.jar%22&Policy=eyJTdGF0ZW1lbnQiOiBbeyJSZXNvdXJjZSI6Imh0dHAqOi8vZDI5dnprNG93MDd3aTcuY2xvdWRmcm9udC5uZXQvZjM4Yzg0MzI2NTQzZTY2ZWQ0ODk1YjIwZmIzZWEwZmNhNTI3ZmQ1YTA0MGUxZjQ5ZDA5NDZlY2YzZDJiM2IyMz9yZXNwb25zZS1jb250ZW50LWRpc3Bvc2l0aW9uPWF0dGFjaG1lbnQlM0JmaWxlbmFtZSUzRCUyMmtvdGxpbi1zdGRsaWItMS4zLjMxLmphciUyMiIsIkNvbmRpdGlvbiI6eyJEYXRlTGVzc1RoYW4iOnsiQVdTOkVwb2NoVGltZSI6MTU4NjI1NjM5MX0sIklwQWRkcmVzcyI6eyJBV1M6U291cmNlSXAiOiIwLjAuMC4wLzAifX19XX0_&Signature=MgenmHLDSO66gc2YAaf1l6L9eQjg9xBAKROmoMwEP9-FUACk9uUXgD6CS~2uj1jAlKUFap88Uo50C5z47EAirrxFeQnjrkrQ2epdPGVCYlWJ~lF9IJShpYJpOifd27MwWUFZQpKq1OT5Ahn0eCFWMoZLasji1rg~indBd3nwqfu4ewXZVpkZhsna~bDkSolIHQ3CVAYbsdkOxsHQEFx92WQNGdgj-AMjoC5JoTitlXNPqgMrh4QQ4PwKsdOaXPleSna7~kCmbl7iFPlCRBtGQKYb87pvgpIOM09rX4DpMYGXew47dZLeML0fAHdb2AQ2SYI3LASEGC            > d29vzk4ow07wi7.cloudfront.net
   > Could not get unknown property 'android' for project ':url_launcher' of type org.gradle.api.Project.
   > Could not find method implementation() for arguments [project ':url_launcher_web'] on object of type org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.dsl.dependencies.DefaultDependencyHandler.
   > Could not find method implementation() for arguments [project ':url_launcher_macos'] on object of type org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.dsl.dependencies.DefaultDependencyHandler.
* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.
* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

解决方法:将镜像依赖下载地址改为国内地址
```shell
将
google()
jcenter()

改为:

maven{url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google'}
maven{url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter'}
maven{url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public' }
maven { url "https://storage.googleapis.com/download.flutter.io" }
google()
jcenter()
````
需要修改的位置:

当前项目:android/build.gradle
fluttersdk:flutter安装位置packagesflutter_toolsgradle里的flutter.gradle和resolve_dependencies.gradle
下载失败的镜像(比如上面的是url_launcher):在flutter安装位置.pub-cachehosted当前仓库androiduild.gradle

注意:上面的配置有的文件中有一处,有的有两处

来自为知笔记(Wiz)