RadioButton(单选按钮)&Checkbox(复选框)-UI组件-Android

RadioButton (单选按钮)

需要把RadioButton放到RadioGroup按钮组中，从而实现单选功能！

可以为外层RadioGroup设置orientation属性然后设置RadioButton的排列方式，是竖直还是水平

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/LinearLayout1"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="请选择性别"
        android:textSize="23dp"
        />
    <RadioGroup
        android:id="@+id/radioGroupId"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal"> <!--横向排列horizontal 纵向 vertical-->
        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/btnMan"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="男"
            android:checked="true"/> <!--设置默认被选中-->
        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/btnWoman"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="女"/>
    </RadioGroup>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnpost"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="提交"/>
</LinearLayout>

属性

横向：android:orientation="horizontal"

纵向:android:orientation="vertical"

方法

getChildCount:获取包含的按扭的数量

getChildAt:获取第i个单选按扭

isChecked( ):判断按钮是否选中

获得选中的值

方法1：设置一个事件监听器 `setOnCheckChangeListener`

        RadioGroup radgroup = (RadioGroup) findViewById(R.id.radioGroupId);
        //第一种获得单选按钮值的方法
        //为radioGroup设置一个监听器:setOnCheckedChanged()
        radgroup.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener() {
            @Override
            public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {
                RadioButton radbtn = (RadioButton) findViewById(checkedId);
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "按钮组值发生改变,你选了" + radbtn.getText(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });

方法2:通过单击其他按钮获取选中单选按钮的值

点击按扭的时候,获取选中的值

        Button btnchange = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnpostId);
        final RadioGroup radgroup = (RadioGroup) findViewById(R.id.radioGroupId);
//为radioGroup设置一个监听器:setOnCheckedChanged()
        btnchange.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {//点击事件
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                for (int i = 0; i < radgroup.getChildCount(); i++) {
                    RadioButton rd = (RadioButton) radgroup.getChildAt(i);
                    if (rd.isChecked()) {//判断是否被选中了
                        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "点击提交按钮,获取你选择的是:" + rd.getText(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();//getApplicationContext()==类.this
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        });

CheckBox (复选框)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingLeft="10dp">

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/cb_one"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="香蕉"
        android:checked="true"
        android:button="@drawable/checkbox"
        android:textSize="30sp" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/cb_two"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="@null"
        android:padding="40dp"
        android:text="西瓜"
        android:checked="false"
        android:textSize="30sp" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/cb_three"
        style="@style/MyCheckBox"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="苹果"
        android:textSize="30sp" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_send"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="提交"
        android:textSize="30sp" />
</LinearLayout>

设置监听事件

package com.ttit.helloworld;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.CompoundButton;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class CheckBoxAcitivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener, CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener {

    private CheckBox cb_one;
    private CheckBox cb_two;
    private CheckBox cb_three;
    private Button btn_send;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.checkbox_test);
        //获取组件对象
        cb_one = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.cb_one);
        cb_two = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.cb_two);
        cb_three = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.cb_three);
        btn_send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_send);
        //设置监听事件
        cb_one.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
        cb_two.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
        cb_three.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
        btn_send.setOnClickListener(this);

    }

    @Override
    public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton compoundButton, boolean b) {//CheckBox继承了CompoundButton,可以使用这个监听
        String s = compoundButton.getText().toString();
        if (compoundButton.isChecked()) {
            Toast.makeText(this, compoundButton.getText().toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
    //点击监听事件
    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        String choose = "";
        if (cb_one.isChecked()) choose += cb_one.getText().toString() + "";
        if (cb_two.isChecked()) choose += cb_two.getText().toString() + "";
        if (cb_three.isChecked()) choose += cb_three.getText().toString() + "";
        Toast.makeText(this, choose, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

自定义点击效果:

1.定义点击的图形

在drawable中定义

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item
        android:state_enabled="true"
        android:state_checked="true"
        android:drawable="@mipmap/checked"/>
    <item
        android:state_enabled="true"
        android:state_checked="false"
        android:drawable="@mipmap/uncheck" />
</selector>

2.引用

方法1:直接使用android:button="@drawable/checkbox"

方法2:将这个图形名设置为字符串,在style中引用

在res/values/styles.xml中设置

    <style name="MyCheckBox" parent="@android:style/Widget.CompoundButton.CheckBox">
        <item name="android:button">@drawable/checkbox</item>
    </style>

引用:style="@style/MyCheckBox"

修改文字与选择框的距离

android:background="@null"  <!--去掉左边距 -->
android:paddingLeft="20dp"