OGNL,表达式上下文ContextMap

1.OGNL表达式

  object graph navigation language:对象图导航语言

  存取对象属性;调用对象方法;字段类型转换等。

<input type="text" name="user.username" /> 

2.OGNL表达式的使用场景

2.1 在jsp中

s1.导入struts标签库:

<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

s2. 只能在在struts标签库中使用OGNL表达式,不能再其他地方用

    对于property的value默认使用OGNL表达式。

  对于radio的list属性默认使用OGNL表达式

  纯字符串:

<s:property value="%{'OGNLExpression'}" />
<s:property value="'OGNLExpression'" />

  使用OGNL表达式:

<s:textfield value="%{name}" label="姓名" />

  调用对象方法:

<s:textfield value="%{'admin'.length()}" label="姓名" />
<s:textfield value="%{'admin'.split('m')}" label="姓名" />

  调用静态类的静态成员:

<s:property value="@java.lang.Math@PI" /><br />  静态成员
<constant name="struts.ognl.allowStaticMethodAccess" value="true" />  开启允许调用OGNL静态方法【struts.xml中配置】
<s:property value="@java.lang.Math@random()" />  静态方法

  操作List对象:{'',''}  -->ArrayList-->['','']

<s:radio name="gender" list="{'male','female'}" label="性别"></s:radio>  list属性默认使用OGNL表达式

  操作Map对象:#{'':'' , '':''} -->Map -->{'':'', '':''}

<s:radio name="sex" list="#{'1':'男','2':'女'}" label="性别2"></s:radio>

 

 3.OGNL表达式上下文:ContextMap

  contextMap是struts2封装好的一次请求可能出现的最大的数据容器。

  结构:是一个Map结构 {String:Object}

  里面存的数据:

  • application:ServletContext应用对象
  • session:HttpSession
  • valueStack:值栈    List类型
  • action:当前执行的动作类相关数据  【不是Map类型】
  • request:HttpServletRequest
  • parameters:请求参数
  • attr:四大域的属性数据

 除了ValueStack和action不是Map类型的,其他的都是Map类型{String : Object}

4.ActionContext和ContextMap的关系

  ActionContext可以获取四大域对象,他是个工具类。

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package com.opensymphony.xwork2;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Container;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

public class ActionContext implements Serializable {
    static ThreadLocal<ActionContext> actionContext = new ThreadLocal();
    public static final String ACTION_NAME = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.name";
    public static final String VALUE_STACK = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack.ValueStack";
    public static final String SESSION = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.session";
    public static final String APPLICATION = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.application";
    public static final String PARAMETERS = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.parameters";
    public static final String LOCALE = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.locale";
    public static final String TYPE_CONVERTER = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.typeConverter";
    public static final String ACTION_INVOCATION = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.actionInvocation";
    public static final String CONVERSION_ERRORS = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.conversionErrors";
    public static final String CONTAINER = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.container";
    private Map<String, Object> context;

    public ActionContext(Map<String, Object> context) {
        this.context = context;
    }

    public void setActionInvocation(ActionInvocation actionInvocation) {
        this.put("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.actionInvocation", actionInvocation);
    }

    public ActionInvocation getActionInvocation() {
        return (ActionInvocation)this.get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.actionInvocation");
    }

    public void setApplication(Map<String, Object> application) {
        this.put("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.application", application);
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getApplication() {
        return (Map)this.get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.application");
    }

    public static void setContext(ActionContext context) {
        actionContext.set(context);
    }

    public static ActionContext getContext() {
        return (ActionContext)actionContext.get();
    }

    public void setContextMap(Map<String, Object> contextMap) {
        getContext().context = contextMap;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getContextMap() {
        return this.context;
    }

    public void setConversionErrors(Map<String, Object> conversionErrors) {
        this.put("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.conversionErrors", conversionErrors);
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getConversionErrors() {
        Map<String, Object> errors = (Map)this.get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.conversionErrors");
        if (errors == null) {
            errors = new HashMap();
            this.setConversionErrors((Map)errors);
        }

        return (Map)errors;
    }

    public void setLocale(Locale locale) {
        this.put("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.locale", locale);
    }

    public Locale getLocale() {
        Locale locale = (Locale)this.get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.locale");
        if (locale == null) {
            locale = Locale.getDefault();
            this.setLocale(locale);
        }

        return locale;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.put("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.name", name);
    }

    public String getName() {
        return (String)this.get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.name");
    }

    public void setParameters(Map<String, Object> parameters) {
        this.put("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.parameters", parameters);
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getParameters() {
        return (Map)this.get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.parameters");
    }

    public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) {
        this.put("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.session", session);
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getSession() {
        return (Map)this.get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.session");
    }

    public void setValueStack(ValueStack stack) {
        this.put("com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack.ValueStack", stack);
    }

    public ValueStack getValueStack() {
        return (ValueStack)this.get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack.ValueStack");
    }

    public void setContainer(Container cont) {
        this.put("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.container", cont);
    }

    public Container getContainer() {
        return (Container)this.get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.container");
    }

    public <T> T getInstance(Class<T> type) {
        Container cont = this.getContainer();
        if (cont != null) {
            return cont.getInstance(type);
        } else {
            throw new XWorkException("Cannot find an initialized container for this request.");
        }
    }

    public Object get(String key) {
        return this.context.get(key);
    }

    public void put(String key, Object value) {
        this.context.put(key, value);
    }
}
ActionContext

  ContextMap是一个Map类型的对象,key为application等,value为Map类型的数据,但是通过ContextMap.get(application)返回的是Object类型的对象。因此可以通过ActionContext工具类直接获取Map对象。

 

  域对象:

com.opensymphony.xwork2.dispatcher.HttpServletxxx

  ContextMap中的数据:

com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.application

  源码分析:ActionContext.java  

   static ThreadLocal<ActionContext> actionContext = new ThreadLocal();
   private Map<String, Object> context;   //传说中的ContextMap
  public static ActionContext getContext() {
return (ActionContext)actionContext.get();
    }

获取线程安全的ActionContext对象

   ServletActionContext.java

    public static HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
        return (HttpServletRequest)ActionContext.getContext().get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.dispatcher.HttpServletRequest");
    }

  通过ActionContext.getContext()静态方法可以获取一个线程安全的ActionContext对象,然后再调用里面的get方法:

  由此可知:域对象(ServletContext)、域对象数据(Map)都是存在context(Map<String, Object>)属性中的

   注意:ActionContext的声明周期为一次请求。

  ContextMap: {key: value}

application:Map

ActionContext.application:Map

servlet.ServletContext:ServletContext

  往ContextMap中存入数据:

public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
    public String index(){
        ActionContext actionContext = ActionContext.getContext();
        actionContext.put("contextMapKey","this is ContextMap value");  //底层:ActionContext.context.put() 
        return SUCCESS;
    }
}

  往ServletContext域中存入数据:application,

  取值:#ContextMap的key.key

<s:property value="#application.application1" />

5.ValueStack

  值栈中的数据不需要使用#访问。而ContextMap中的Value需要使用#Key

  valueStack是一个List集合

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package com.opensymphony.xwork2.util;

import java.util.Map;

public interface ValueStack {
    String VALUE_STACK = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack.ValueStack";
    String REPORT_ERRORS_ON_NO_PROP = "com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack.ReportErrorsOnNoProp";

    Map<String, Object> getContext();

    void setDefaultType(Class var1);

    void setExprOverrides(Map<Object, Object> var1);

    Map<Object, Object> getExprOverrides();

    CompoundRoot getRoot();

    void setValue(String var1, Object var2);

    void setParameter(String var1, Object var2);

    void setValue(String var1, Object var2, boolean var3);

    String findString(String var1);

    String findString(String var1, boolean var2);

    Object findValue(String var1);

    Object findValue(String var1, boolean var2);

    Object findValue(String var1, Class var2);

    Object findValue(String var1, Class var2, boolean var3);

    Object peek();

    Object pop();

    void push(Object var1);

    void set(String var1, Object var2);

    int size();
}
ValueStack.java

方法:

  

  OGNLValueStack:继承ValueStack

   CompoundRoot root;    
   public Object peek() {
        return this.root.peek();
    }

    public Object pop() {
        return this.root.pop();
    }

    public void push(Object o) {
        this.root.push(o);
    }

  使用valueStack存入数据:User1Action.java

public class User1Action extends ActionSupport {
    public String login(){
        ActionContext actionContext = ActionContext.getContext();
        //valueStack
        ValueStack valueStack = actionContext.getValueStack();
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(1);
        student.setUsername("张三");
        student.setAge(21);
        valueStack.push(student);
        return SUCCESS;
    }
}
View Code

  不建议把Map和List加到值栈中,建议存入到ContextMap。对于POJO建议存入到值栈中

取值:先从栈顶找,有没有username的对象,再看有没有username的属性

 <s:property value="username" />
栈顶:
<s:property value="[0].username" />
<s:property value="[1].username" />
OGNL通过ValueStack.findValue方法找值

 6.struts2中使用EL

  (1)struts2中的EL :由于request对象被增强了,valueStack和ContextMap本质上是存入到request对象中,因此ActionContext是每次请求实例化一次。

page --> request  --> valueStack -->  ContextMap --> session --> application

案例:

public class User2Action extends ActionSupport {
    public String index(){
        ActionContext actionContext = ActionContext.getContext();
        //valueStack
        Student student1 = new Student();
        student1.setId(1);
        student1.setUsername("张三");
        student1.setAge(21);

        Student student2 = new Student();
        student2.setId(3);
        student2.setUsername("张三2");
        student2.setAge(23);

        Map<String, Object> contextMap = actionContext.getContextMap();
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();
        list.add(student1);
        list.add(student2);
        contextMap.put("students", list);
        return SUCCESS;
    }
}
User2Action

EL :查找顺序 page>request>valueStack>ContextMap>session >application

 <table border="1">
      <tr>
          <th>姓名</th>
          <th>年龄</th>
      </tr>
      <c:forEach items="${students}" var="s">
          <tr>
              <td>${s.username}</td>
              <td>${s.age}</td>
          </tr>
      </c:forEach>

  </table>

  

end

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhuxiang1633/p/9718446.html