1 单文件上传
1. 第一步
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <input type="file" name="file1" /> <input type="submit" value="上传"/> </form>
2. 第二步：struts2 的配置文件
3. 第三步：
4. 第四步：逻辑实现
2 文件下载
1. 第一步：
2. 第二步：
3. 第三步：
4. 第四步：
3 验证码
1. 第一步：引入两个工具类
import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Random; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; /** * @package com.baizhi.bxy.util * @author ImageCodeUtil.java * @ClassName : ImageCodeUtil * @Version 1.0.0 * @ModifiedBy 卜晓�? * @date 2017�?08�?1�? 下午8:34:31 */ public class ImageCodeUtil { /** * 验证码难度级�? Simple-数字 Medium-数字和小写字�? Hard-数字和大小写字母 */ public enum SecurityCodeLevel { Simple, Medium, Hard }; /** * 产生默认验证码，4位中等难�? * * @return */ public static String getSecurityCode() { return getSecurityCode(4, SecurityCodeLevel.Medium, false); } /** * 产生长度和难度任意的验证�? * * @param length * @param level * @param isCanRepeat * @return */ public static String getSecurityCode(int length, SecurityCodeLevel level, boolean isCanRepeat) { // 随机抽取len个字�? int len = length; // 字符集合�?--除去易混淆的数字0,1,字母l,o,O�? char[] codes = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z' }; // 根据不同难度截取字符�? if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Simple) { codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 10); } else if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Medium) { codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 36); } // 字符集和长度 int n = codes.length; // 抛出运行时异�? if (len > n && isCanRepeat == false) { throw new RuntimeException(String.format("调用SecurityCode.getSecurityCode(%1$s,%2$s,%3$s)出现异常�?" + "当isCanRepeat�?%3$s时，传入参数%1$s不能大于%4$s", len, level, isCanRepeat, n)); } // 存放抽取出来的字�? char[] result = new char[len]; // 判断能否出现重复字符 if (isCanRepeat) { for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) { // 索引0 and n-1 int r = (int) (Math.random() * n); // 将result中的第i个元素设置为code[r]存放的数�? result[i] = codes[r]; } } else { for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) { // 索引0 and n-1 int r = (int) (Math.random() * n); // 将result中的第i个元素设置为code[r]存放的数�? result[i] = codes[r]; // 必须确保不会再次抽取到那个字符，这里用数组中�?后一个字符改写code[r],并将n-1 codes[r] = codes[n - 1]; n--; } } return String.valueOf(result); } /** * 生成验证码图�? * @param securityCode * @return */ public static BufferedImage createImage(String securityCode){ int codeLength = securityCode.length();//验证码长�? int fontSize = 18;//字体大小 int fontWidth = fontSize+1; //图片宽高 int width = codeLength*fontWidth+6; int height = fontSize*2+1; //图片 BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics(); g.setColor(Color.WHITE);//设置背景�? g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//填充背景 g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);//设置边框颜色 g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, height-2));//边框字体样式 g.drawRect(0, 0, width-1, height-1);//绘制边框 //绘制噪点 Random rand = new Random(); g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY); for (int i = 0; i < codeLength*6; i++) { int x = rand.nextInt(width); int y = rand.nextInt(height); g.drawRect(x, y, 1, 1);//绘制1*1大小的矩�? } //绘制验证�? int codeY = height-10; g.setColor(new Color(19,148,246)); //Georgia 是个字体，如果想用中文要指定中文字体；eg:"宋体"; //g.setFont(new Font("Georgia", Font.BOLD, fontSize)); g.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, fontSize)); for(int i=0;i<codeLength;i++){ double deg=new Random().nextDouble()*20; g.rotate(Math.toRadians(deg), i*16+13,codeY-7.5); g.drawString(String.valueOf(securityCode.charAt(i)), i*16+5, codeY); g.rotate(Math.toRadians(-deg), i*16+13,codeY-7.5); } g.dispose();//关闭资源 return image; } //测试 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{ //获得随机字符 String securityCode = getSecurityCode(); //打印随机字符 System.out.println("===="+securityCode); //生成图片 BufferedImage image = createImage(securityCode); //将生成的验证码图片以png(1.png)的格式输出到D�? "D:\1.png" == "D:/1.png" ImageIO.write(image, "png", new FileOutputStream(new File("D:\4.png"))); } }
import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Random; /** * @package com.baizhi.bxy.util * @author ImageCodeUtil.java * @ClassName : ImageCodeUtil * @Version 1.0.0 * @ModifiedBy 卜晓�? * @date 2017�?08�?1�? 下午8:34:31 */ /** * 验证码生成器 * @see 可生成数字�?�大写�?�小写字母及三�?�混合类型的验证�? * @see 支持自定义验证码字符数量,支持自定义验证码图片的大�?,支持自定义需排除的特殊字�?,支持自定义干扰线的数�?,支持自定义验证码图文颜色 */ public class VerifyCodeUtil { //使用到Algerian字体，系统里没有的话�?要安装字体，字体只显示大写，去掉�?1,0,i,o几个容易混淆的字�? public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "23456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz"; private static Random random = new Random(); /** * 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码 * @param verifySize 验证码长�? * @return */ public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize){ return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES); } /** * 使用指定源生成验证码 * @param verifySize 验证码长�? * @param sources 验证码字符源 * @return */ public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources){ if(sources == null || sources.length() == 0){ sources = VERIFY_CODES; } int codesLen = sources.length(); Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis()); StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize); for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){ verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen-1))); } return verifyCode.toString(); } /** * 生成随机验证码文�?,并返回验证码�? * @param w * @param h * @param outputFile * @param verifySize * @return * @throws IOException */ public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException{ String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize); outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode); return verifyCode; } /** * 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码�? * @param w * @param h * @param os * @param verifySize * @return * @throws IOException */ public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException{ String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize); outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode); return verifyCode; } /** * 生成指定验证码图像文�? * @param w * @param h * @param outputFile * @param code * @throws IOException */ public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException{ if(outputFile == null){ return; } File dir = outputFile.getParentFile(); if(!dir.exists()){ dir.mkdirs(); } try{ outputFile.createNewFile(); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile); outputImage(w, h, fos, code); fos.close(); } catch(IOException e){ throw e; } } public static BufferedImage getImage(int w,int h,String code){ int verifySize = code.length(); BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); Random rand = new Random(); Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics(); g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); Color[] colors = new Color[5]; Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[] { Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN, Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE, Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW }; float[] fractions = new float[colors.length]; for(int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++){ colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)]; fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat(); } Arrays.sort(fractions); g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 设置边框�? g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h); Color c = getRandColor(200, 250); g2.setColor(c);// 设置背景�? g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h-4); //绘制干扰�? Random random = new Random(); g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));// 设置线条的颜�? for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { int x = random.nextInt(w - 1); int y = random.nextInt(h - 1); int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1; int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1; g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20); } // 添加噪点 float yawpRate = 0.05f;// 噪声�? int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h); for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) { int x = random.nextInt(w); int y = random.nextInt(h); int rgb = getRandomIntColor(); image.setRGB(x, y, rgb); } shear(g2, w, h, c);// 使图片扭�? g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160)); int fontSize = h-4; Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize); g2.setFont(font); char[] chars = code.toCharArray(); for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){ AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform(); affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize/2, h/2); g2.setTransform(affine); g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w-10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h/2 + fontSize/2 - 10); } g2.dispose(); return image; } /** * 输出指定验证码图片流 * @param w * @param h * @param os * @param code * @throws IOException */ public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException{ BufferedImage image = getImage(w,h,code); ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os); } private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) { if (fc > 255) fc = 255; if (bc > 255) bc = 255; int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); return new Color(r, g, b); } private static int getRandomIntColor() { int[] rgb = getRandomRgb(); int color = 0; for (int c : rgb) { color = color << 8; color = color | c; } return color; } private static int[] getRandomRgb() { int[] rgb = new int[3]; for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255); } return rgb; } private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) { shearX(g, w1, h1, color); shearY(g, w1, h1, color); } private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) { int period = random.nextInt(2); boolean borderGap = true; int frames = 1; int phase = random.nextInt(2); for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) { double d = (double) (period >> 1) * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase) / (double) frames); g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0); if (borderGap) { g.setColor(color); g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i); g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i); } } } private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) { int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50; boolean borderGap = true; int frames = 20; int phase = 7; for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) { double d = (double) (period >> 1) * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase) / (double) frames); g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d); if (borderGap) { g.setColor(color); g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0); g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1); } } } public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{ //生成验证码随机字�?(位数) String generateVerifyCode = generateVerifyCode(4); //打印随机字符 System.out.println(generateVerifyCode); //生成图片(宽度，高度，随即字符) BufferedImage image = getImage(255, 80, generateVerifyCode); //将生成的验证码图片保存到本地 ImageIO.write(image, "png", new FileOutputStream(new File("D:\1.png"))); } }
2.第二步： jsp 表单页面
3. 第三步：
