说明：因遇到“sqlplus / as sysdba”登录oracle时遇到权限不足（ora-01031）错误；百度到以下资料，原文链接：
http://www.xifenfei.com/2011/11/sqlnet-authentication_services%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E.html
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES参数说明
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标题：SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES参数说明
作者：惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]
一、官方文档说明
作用Use the parameter SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES to enable one or more authentication services. If authentication has been installed, it is recommended that this parameter be set to either none or to one of the authentication methods.默认值None一般可选值NONE for no authentication methods. A valid username and password can be used to access the database.ALL for all authentication methodsNTS for Windows NT native authentication(An authentication method that enables a client single login access to a Windows NT server and a database running on the server) |
为了加深对这几个参数的理解，通过实验证明，这几个参数在不同的系统中的作用
二、win系统
Microsoft Windows [版本 6.1.7601]版权所有 (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。C:Windowssystem32>e:E:>cd E:oracle11_2_0NETWORKADMIN#sqlnet.ora文件不存在情况E:oracle11_2_0NETWORKADMIN>dir sqlnet.ora 驱动器 E 中的卷没有标签。 卷的序列号是 38D0-2A35 E:oracle11_2_0NETWORKADMIN 的目录找不到文件E:oracle11_2_0NETWORKADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:13:57 2011Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.ERROR:ORA-01031: 权限不足请输入用户名:#NTS情况E:oracle11_2_0NETWORKADMIN>more sqlnet.oraSQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(NTS)E:oracle11_2_0NETWORKADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:16:20 2011Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.连接到:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - ProductionWith the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options#NONE情况E:oracle11_2_0NETWORKADMIN>more sqlnet.oraSQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(NONE)E:oracle11_2_0NETWORKADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:17:18 2011Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.ERROR:ORA-01031: 权限不足请输入用户名:#ALL情况E:oracle11_2_0NETWORKADMIN>more sqlnet.oraSQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(ALL)E:oracle11_2_0NETWORKADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:18:02 2011Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.ERROR:ORA-12641: 验证服务无法初始化请输入用户名: |
三、linux系统
[oracle@report ~]$ cd /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/#NTS情况[oracle@report admin]$ more sqlnet.ora SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NTS)[oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:03:51 2011Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.ERROR:ORA-01031: insufficient privilegesEnter user-name: #NONE情况[oracle@report admin]$ more sqlnet.oraSQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NONE)[oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:04:31 2011Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.ERROR:ORA-01031: insufficient privilegesEnter user-name: #ALL情况[oracle@report admin]$ more sqlnet.oraSQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (ALL)[oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:05:07 2011Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.Connected to:Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options#不存在sqlnet.ora文件情况[oracle@report admin]$ ll sqlnet.orals: sqlnet.ora: No such file or directory[oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:05:41 2011Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.Connected to:Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options |
四、补充说明
1、在win系统中使用all，提示ORA-12641，不是很清楚原因
2、在nts只有在win系统中有用，linux中无用
3、当不存在sqlnet.ora文件时，linux中可以正常登录，win中不能