12.vue属性.监听.组件

1.计算属性

https://cn.vuejs.org/v2/guide/computed.html

new Vue({
	computed:{//定义
		 show(){
		 
		 }
	}
})
++计算属性1.html:++
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script>
window.onload = function(){
	let vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app",
		data:{
			msg:"abc",
			msg2:"msg2"
		},
		methods:{//没有缓存
			reverse(){
				console.log("methods");
				return this.msg.split("").reverse().join("")
			}
		},
		computed:{//有缓存
			reverse2(){//只关心自己
				console.log("computed");
				return this.msg.split("").reverse().join("")
			}	
		}	
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">
	<input v-model="msg" type="text" value=""/><br />
	<input v-model="msg2" type="text" value=""/><br />
    
   {{msg2}}<br />
   {{msg}}<br />
   {{reverse()}}<br />
   {{reverse2}}<br />
</div>
</body>
</html>

res:

只要data中的内容改变,methods就运行,computed只有与其相关的data发生变化才运行.
image
image

++计算属性2.html:(get,set)++
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script>
//计算属性的名字不出出现在 data/methods中 会有冲突
window.onload = function(){
	vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app",
		data:{
			msg:"abc", 	
		},
		computed:{
			/*reverse(){// get
				return this.msg.split("").reverse().join("")
			}	*/
			reverse:{
				get(){
					return this.msg.split("").reverse().join("")
				},
				set(value){
					console.log("set:",value);	
					this.msg = value;
				}	
			}
		}	
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">
	<input v-model="msg" type="text" value=""/><br /> 
	<input v-model="reverse" type="text" value=""/><br /> 
    {{msg}}<br />
    {{reverse}}<br />
</div>
</body>
</html>

res:
image

使用

{{show}}

注意事项:

1、名字:data/methods里面不能出现, 会有冲突
2、计算属性可以修改 前提条件—— 必须有set
3、方法可以调用计算属性 计算属性页可以调用方法
4、计算属性必须有返回值 使用的时候不带括号!

show(){}

show:{
	get(){},
	set(value){...}
}
++计算属性3.html:++

方法调用计算属性 计算属性页可以调用方法;
计算属性必须有返回值 使用的时候不带括号!

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script>
//方法调用计算属性   计算属性页可以调用方法
window.onload = function(){
	vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app",
		data:{
			a:12,
			b:5	
		},
		methods:{
			sum(){
				return this.sum2;	
				//return this.sum2();//不能带括号	
			}	
		},
		computed:{
			sum2(){
				return parseInt(this.a) + parseInt(this.b);
			} 
		}	
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">
	<input v-model="a" type="text" value=""/><br /> 
	<input v-model="b" type="text" value=""/><br /> 
    {{sum()}}<br />
    {{sum2}}<br />
</div>
</body>
</html>

res:
image


2.监听 watch

let vm = new Vue({

	watch:{
		  wd(){},
		  wd:"方法名 show",
		  wd:[fn1,fn2....],
		  ["json.wd"](){}
		  json:{
	      handler: function (val, oldVal) { /* ... */ },
	      deep: true//深度监听
	      immediate: true//立即执行
	    },
	}
});

vm.$watch
https://cn.vuejs.org/v2/api/#vm-watch

++监听1.html:++
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script src="vue-resource.js"></script>
<script>
window.onload = function(){
	let url = "https://sp0.baidu.com/5a1Fazu8AA54nxGko9WTAnF6hhy/su";
	let vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app",
		data:{
			wd:"abc",
			arr:[1,2,3] 
		},
		methods:{
			show(){
				console.log("methods");
				this.$http.jsonp(url,{params:{wd:this.wd},jsonp:"cb"}).then(res=>{
					this.arr = res.data.s;	
				});	
			} 
		},
		watch:{
			/*wd(){
				this.show();
			}	*/
			wd:"show"
		}
		 
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">
	<input v-model="wd" type="text" value=""/><br /> 
	<ul>
    	<li v-for="item in arr">{{item}}</li>
    </ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>

res:
image

++监听2.html:++
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script src="vue-resource.js"></script>
<script>
window.onload = function(){
	let url = "https://sp0.baidu.com/5a1Fazu8AA54nxGko9WTAnF6hhy/su";
	let vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app",
		data:{
			json:{wd:"abc"},
			arr:[1,2,3] 
		},
		methods:{
			show(){
				console.log("methods");
				this.$http.jsonp(url,{params:{wd:this.json.wd},jsonp:"cb"}).then(res=>{
					this.arr = res.data.s;	
				});	
			} 
		},
		watch:{
		/*  ["json.wd"](){
				this.show();
			},  */
			//深度监听
			json:{
			  handler: function () {
				this.show();  
			  },
			  deep: true,
			  immediate: true
			},
		}
		 
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">
	<input v-model="json.wd" type="text" value=""/><br /> 
	<ul>
    	<li v-for="item in arr">{{item}}</li>
    </ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>

res:
image


3.组件:模板 template 标签

全局组件、局部组件

全局组件
Vue.component("组件的名称、标签名",选项);

选项 options
{template:<div>内容</div>}
exp:

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script>
//全局组件
//Vue.component(组件名称,选项);
Vue.component("mycomponent",{
	template:`<div>全局组件</div>`	
});

window.onload = function(){
	let vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app",
		
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">

<mycomponent></mycomponent>
<div is="mycomponent"></div>
<component is="mycomponent"></component>

</div>
</body>
</html>

局部组件

new Vue({
	components:{
			组件的名称、标签名:选项
	}
})

exp:

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script>
window.onload = function(){
	let vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app",
		components:{
			mycomponent:{
				template:`<div>局部组件</div>`	
			}	
		}
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">

<mycomponent></mycomponent>

</div>
</body>
</html>

显示三种:
<组件的名称></组件的名称>   
<div is="组件的名称"></div> 
<component is="组件的名称"></component>

注意事项

1、组件必须定义在vue实例化之前
2、推荐使用双标签 单标签慎用,最好不要使用单标签
3、模板里面只能有一个父元素,不能有兄弟节点

组件的命名规范

Component names can only contain alphanumeric characters and the hyphen,
and must start with a letter.
组件名称只能包含【字母】【数字】和【连字符】,并且必须以字母开头。

1、不能使用中文
2、不能使用系统html里面已经存在的标签名
3、连字符: 中横线和下划线
4、驼峰标识 优先级 my-componen > myComponen > MyComponent,
页面上使用: ++++

组件可以循环 :必须带上key---> ++:key="id"++

Vue.component("mycomponent",{
	template:`<div>mycomponent组件</div>`	
});

<mycomponent v-for="item in 3" :key="item"></mycomponent>

is:规范标签的写法!
<ul>
	<li>li</li>
	<div>div</div>
	<p>p</p>
</ul>


<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr><td> tr--->td</td></tr>
		/*tr标签为空,div和p标签在table上面*/
		<tr><div>div</div></tr>
		<tr><p>p</p></tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

Vue.component("mytr",{
	template:`<tr><td> tr--->td</td></tr>`	
});
<table>
	<tbody>
		  <mytr></mytr>错误写法
		  <tr is="mytr"></tr>正确的写法
	</tbody>

</table>

组件通信:vuex

1、父传子 props :子组件的属性="父组件的data"
//通信是单向的 父组件到子组件,子传父自定义事件

2、子传父 this.$emit(自定义事件,数据);
@自定义事件="父组件的函数名"

子组件,data必须是一个函数
props里面的属性不能出现在data中 反之亦然

exp:

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script>
//通信是单向的 父组件到子组件
Vue.component("mycomponent",{
	props:["msg"],
	template:`<div>子组件:<input v-model="wd" @input="show" type="text" value=""/>
		 {{msg}}------{{wd}}
	</div>`,
	data(){
		return {
			wd:this.msg
		}	
	},
	methods:{
		show(){
			//this.msg = this.wd;
			//console.log(this.wd);	
			this.$emit("abc",this.wd);
		}	
	}
});
window.onload = function(){
	let vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app",
		data:{
			msg:"abc"	
		},
		methods:{
			fn(data){
				console.log("fn:",data);
				this.msg = data;
			}	
		}
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">
	父组件:<input v-model="msg" type="text" value=""/> {{msg}}
    <hr />
	<mycomponent :msg="msg" @abc="fn"></mycomponent>
</div>
</body>
</html>

res:
父传子:
image
子传父:
image


props命名规则

1、props:["props-name"] {{propsName}} :props-name="xxxx"
2、props:["props_name"] {{props_name}} :props_name="xxxx"
3、props:["propsName"] {{propsName}} :props-name="xxxx"
4、props:["PropsName"] {{PropsName}} :props-name="xxxx"
5、props:["AAA"] {{AAA}} :a-a-a="xxxx"

exp:

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script>
Vue.component("mycomponent",{
	props:["AAA"],
	template:`<div>组件{{AAA}}</div>`,//不能是中划线
	
});
window.onload = function(){
	 
	let vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app", 
		data:{
			msg:"Vue msg"+Math.random()
		}	
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">
    <mycomponent :a-a-a="msg"></mycomponent>
</div>
</body>
</html>

案例

组件通信:
1、自增:
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script>
//this.$emit(sEv,data)
Vue.component("mycomponent",{
	props:["count"],
	template:`<div><input @click="handleClick" type="button" value="点我"> {{count}}</div>`,
	methods:{
		handleClick(){
			//this.count++;
			this.$emit("plus",this.count+1);
		}	
	}
});
window.onload = function(){
	let vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app",
		data:{
			count:0
		},
		methods:{
			add(data){
				console.log(1111,data);
				this.count = data;
			}	
		}
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">
	{{count}}
    <hr />
	<mycomponent :count="count" @plus="add"></mycomponent>
</div>
</body>
</html>

res:
image

2、百度下拉索引
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script src="vue-resource.js"></script>
<script>

Vue.component("baidu-input",{
	template:`<input v-model="wd" type="text" value=""/>`,	
	data(){
		return {wd:""}
	},
	watch:{
		wd(){
			this.$emit("jsonp",this.wd);	
		}	
	}
});
Vue.component("baidu-list",{
	props:["arr"],
	template:`
		<ul>
    		<li v-for="item in arr">{{item}}</li>
    	</ul>`,	
});


window.onload = function(){
	let url = "https://sp0.baidu.com/5a1Fazu8AA54nxGko9WTAnF6hhy/su";
	let vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app", 
		data:{
			arr:[],
		},
		methods:{
			baiduJsonp(wd){
				this.$http.jsonp(url,{params:{wd},jsonp:"cb"}).then(res=>{
					this.arr = res.data.s;	
				});	
			}	
		}
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">
	<baidu-input @jsonp="baiduJsonp"></baidu-input>
	<baidu-list :arr="arr"></baidu-list>
</div>
</body>
</html>

res:
image

3、选项卡

方法一:

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script src="vue-resource.js"></script>
<style>
input.active{background:pink;}
</style>
<script>
Vue.component("tab",{
	template:`
		<div>
			<input @click="tab(index)" 
				   :class="{active:iNow==index}"
				   v-for="item,index in title" 
				   type="button" :value="item"/>
			<div>{{content[iNow]}}</div>
		</div>
	`,
	data(){
		return {
			iNow:0,
			title:["aaa","bbb","ccc"],
			content:["aaa","bbb","ccc"],	 
		}	
	},
	methods:{
		tab(index){
			this.iNow = index;	
		}	
	}	
});
window.onload = function(){
	 
	let vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app", 
		
		
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">
    <tab></tab>
</div>
</body>
</html>

方法二:

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script src="vue.js"></script>
<script src="vue-resource.js"></script>
<style>
input.active{background:pink;}
</style>
<script>
Vue.component("tab",{
	props:["iNow","title","content"],
	template:`
		<div>
			<input @click="tab(index)" 
				   :class="{active:iNow==index}"
				   v-for="item,index in title" 
				   type="button" :value="item"/>
			<div>{{content[iNow]}}</div>
		</div>
	`,
	methods:{
		tab(index){
			this.$emit("abc",index);	
		}	
	}
	
});
window.onload = function(){
	 
	let vm = new Vue({
		el:"#app", 
		data:{
			iNow:0,
			title:["aaa","bbb","ccc"],
			content:["aaa","bbb","ccc"],	 
		},
		methods:{
			tab(index){
				this.iNow = index;	
			}	
		}	
	});
};
</script>
</head>

<body>
<div id="app">
    <tab :i-now="iNow" :title="title" :content="content" @abc="tab"></tab>
</div>
</body>
</html>

res:
image

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhongchao666/p/9463000.html