python笔记

int():

  浮点数转int或整数字符串转int,int(‘1’) = int(1.2) = 1 

join:

  '.'.join(['abc','def']):'abc.def'

字典排序:

  dic = {'a':2,'b':1}

  按key降序:

    a = sorted(dic.items(),key=lambda d:d[0],reverse=True)

    [('b', 1), ('a', 2)]

  按value升序:

    b = sorted(dic.items(),key=lambda d:d[1])

    [('b', 1), ('a', 2)]

sorted(“123321”)返回[‘1’, ‘1’, ‘2’, ‘2’, ‘3’, ‘3’]

整数转字符串:str_int = '%02d' % i

list排序:

  def takeSecond(elem):
    return elem[1]

  acc_list.sort(key=takeSecond)  # reverse=True

list交集、并集、差集:

  交集:list(set(a).intersection(set(b)))

  并集:list(set(a).union(set(b)))

  差集:list(set(a).difference(set(b))) # a有b没有

list最大、最小值索引:

  a_list.index(max(a_list))

多list组合:

  iter = zip(list1,list2,list3)

  list_merge = list(iter)

例子:

 list拆分:

big_list = [i for i in range(100)]

devide_list = [big_list [i:i+N] for i in range(0, len(big_list ), N)]

list合并:

merge_list = []

[merge_list .extend(sub) for sub in devide_list]

list生成:

a = np.arange(0,10,2)
print(list(a))  #  [0, 2, 4, 6, 8]

 txt文件处理:

with open(txt_path) as f:
lines = f.readlines()
n = len(lines)
for i, line in enumerate(lines):
  ....

  for line in lines:
    line = line.strip().lower()

 文件排序:

import re
def sort_by_file_name(dirnames):
dirs = dirnames
dirs = sorted(dirnames, key=lambda x: (int(re.sub('D', '', x)), x))
return dirs

 统计列表元素出现次数:

from collections import Counter

data = np.array([1.1,1.1,1.1,2,3,5,4,4,4,5])
# 方法一
print('Counter(data) ',Counter(data)) # 调用Counter函数
# 方法二
print('np.unique(data) ',np.unique(data)) # unique返回的是已排序数组
for i in np.unique(data):
  print(np.sum(data==i)) # 对照unique数组,依次统计每个元素出现的次数

出现次数最多:

array = [1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 1, 0, 2]

print(max(array, key=array.count))

产生一定范围内的随机数列表:

from random import randrange
[randrange(1, 10) for _ in range(5)]

图像转np array:

im = cv2.imread(r'G:/ai_data/new_seg/crop0610/test_dataset/f14800.jpg')
ar = np.array(im)

ar.shape

ar_flat = ar.flatten()

统计各像素值个数:

ar_flat.bincount(ttt)

y = ar_flat[ar_flat==0]

len(y)

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhengbiqing/p/11296702.html