创建卷类型：
[root@controller01 ~]# cinder type-create ssd --description ssd
[root@controller01 ~]# cinder type-list
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| 9100474e-7840-46b5-8425-c32074a13bb4 | ssd | ssd | True |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
查看卷类型详细信息：发现extra_specs(卷类型扩展规格)没有
type-key Sets or unsets extra_spec for a volume type.
指定卷类型扩展规格：
将ssd卷类型指定后端规格(/etc/cinder/cinder.conf中配置的规格)
[root@controller01 ~]# cinder type-key ssd set volume_backend_name=ssd
查看规格：
[root@controller01 ~]# cinder extra-specs-list
+--------------------------------------+------+--------------------------------+
| ID | Name | extra_specs |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------------------------------+
| 9100474e-7840-46b5-8425-c32074a13bb4 | ssd | {'volume_backend_name': 'ssd'} |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------------------------------+
[root@controller01 ~]# cinder type-show 9100474e-7840-46b5-8425-c32074a13bb4
+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| description | ssd |
| extra_specs | volume_backend_name : ssd |
| id | 9100474e-7840-46b5-8425-c32074a13bb4 |
| is_public | True |
| name | ssd |
| os-volume-type-access:is_public | True |
| qos_specs_id | None |
+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
创建一个卷，指定卷类型：
[root@controller01 ~]# cinder create 2 --name volume02 --volume-type ssd
[root@controller01 ~]# cinder list
+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------+------+-------------+----------+--------------------------------------+
| ID | Status | Name | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------+------+-------------+----------+--------------------------------------+
| a2871929-c1d7-4fe1-b2ff-737209410f5e | in-use | volume1 | 1 | - | false | 8fbf0f77-9591-47a6-a086-4d1daab6673a |
| e580c431-bdb6-4c27-91e8-ce348f8594c3 | available | volume02 | 2 | ssd | false | |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------+------+-------------+----------+--------------------------------------
[root@controller01 ~]# cinder show e580c431-bdb6-4c27-91e8-ce348f8594c3
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| attached_servers | [] |
| attachment_ids | [] |
| availability_zone | nova |
| bootable | false |
| consistencygroup_id | None |
| created_at | 2020-06-02T08:08:52.000000 |
| description | None |
| encrypted | False |
| id | e580c431-bdb6-4c27-91e8-ce348f8594c3 |
| metadata | |
| migration_status | None |
| multiattach | False |
| name | volume02 |
| os-vol-host-attr:host | compute01@ssd#ssd |
| os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat | None |
| os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id | None |
| os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id | f4228d6dfa07453c84996e5f2be19ca2 |
| replication_status | None |
| size | 2 |
| snapshot_id | None |
| source_volid | None |
| status | available |
| updated_at | 2020-06-02T08:08:54.000000 |
| user_id | 34520ff331cf418a9ad3b70d0c0c76a6 |
| volume_type | ssd |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
将卷挂载到云主机中
openstack server add volume zhaopei02 volume1
对于云主机挂载之后的云硬盘我们可以进行备份：
[root@compute01 mapper]# dd if=/dev/mapper/cinder--volumes01-volume--e580c431--bdb6--4c27--91e8--ce348f8594c3 of=/data/volume01-back.raw
4194304+0 records in
4194304+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 17.6175 s, 122 MB/s
[root@compute01 mapper]# qemu-img info /data/volume01-back.raw
image: /data/volume01-back.raw
file format: raw
virtual size: 2.0G (2147483648 bytes)
disk size: 2.0G
我们还可以将拷贝之后的硬盘进行挂载到其他目录进行使用：
此处格式化不了请使用sudo su -
挂载保错请忽略
向挂载的目录写入数据测试：
[root@compute01 ~]# dd if=/dev/mapper/cinder--volumes02-volume--a2871929--c1d7--4fe1--b2ff--737209410f5e of=/data/volume02-back.raw
2097152+0 records in
2097152+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 10.2772 s, 104 MB/s
直接挂载使用：
[root@compute01 ~]# mount /data/volume02-back.raw volume/
[root@compute01 ~]# cd volume/
[root@compute01 volume]# ls
a.txt lost+found
[root@compute01 volume]# cat a.txt
this is ceshi mnt mount use