set集合 set是一个无序且不重复的元素集合
优点:访问速度快，解决重复问题
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,]
s2 = set(l1) #可以以列表元祖等作为参数传进来，set集合会自动转换成元祖并去重
#输出结果：
{1, 2, 34, 4, 5, 6, 7, 3}
各种方法：add,clear,.....等等
add 合并集合
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,]
l2 = [23,3,4,5,100,2,3]
s2 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2.add(67)
print(s2)
cear
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,]
l2 = [23,3,4,5,100,2,3]
s2 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2.add(67)
s2.clear()
print(s2)
copy
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,]
s2 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s3 = s2.copy()
print(s3)
#输出结果：
{1, 2, 34, 4, 5, 6, 7, 3}
difference 求差集
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,]
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2 = set([12,3465,75,32,2])
s3 = s2.difference(s1) #循环s2里的元素跟s1比较，若不存在s1内就会打印
s4 = s1.difference(s2) #循环s1里的元素跟s2比较，若不存在s1内就会打印
print(s3)
print(s4)
#输出结果：
{32, 3465, 75, 12}
{1, 34, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
difference_update 与difference的区别是它会更新原来的集合
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,]
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2 = set([12,3465,75,32,2])
s2.difference_update(s1)
print(s2)
#输出结果：
{32, 3465, 75, 12}
discard 参数为一个字符串或者一个数字，如果该参数在集合内，则删除，若不在，则没有任何操作
#清除的元素不存在，不采取任何操作
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,'a','ab']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s1.discard('abc')
print(s1)
#输出结果：
{1, 2, 34, 4, 5, 6, 7, 3, 'a', 'ab'}
#参数存集合内，则清除该元素
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,'a','ab']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s1.discard('ab')
print(s1)
#输出结果：
{1, 2, 34, 4, 5, 6, 7, 3, 'a'}
intersection 取两个结合之间的交集
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,'a','ab']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2 = set([1,2,23,3,3,5,2])
s3 = s2.intersection(s1)
print(s3)
#输出结果：
{1, 2, 3, 5}
intersection_update 功能与intersection一样，区别是它会更新原来的集合
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,'a','ab']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2 = set([1,2,23,3,3,5,2])
s2.intersection_update(s1)
print(s2)
#输出结果
{1, 2, 3, 5}
isdisjoint 如果没有交集就返回True，反之则返回False
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,'a','ab']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2 = set([1,2,23,3,3,5,2])
s3 = s2.isdisjoint(s1)
print(s3)
#输出结果
False
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,'a','ab']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2 = set([111,222])
s3 = s2.isdisjoint(s1)
print(s3)
#输出结果
True
issubset 是否是子集，是则返回True，否则返回False
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,'a','ab']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2 = set([111,222])
s3 = s2.issubset(s1)
print(s3)
#输出结果:
False
issuperset 是否是父集，是则返回True，否则返回False
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,'a','ab']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2 = set([111,222])
s3 = s2.issuperset(s1)
print(s3)
#输出结果：
False
pop 随意删除一个元素并返回
l1 = [1,2,34,5,6,7,4,3,3,'a','ab','ds']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2 = s1.pop(2)
print(s2)
#输出结果
随意的结果
remove 删除一个指定的元素，不返回
l1 = ['a','ab','ds']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s1.remove('a')
print(s1)
#输出结果
{'ab', 'ds'}
symmetric_difference 对称差值，指将两个集合合并后再求差集
l1 = ['a','ab','ds']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s2 = set([1,2,3,4,'c','d','a'])
s3 = s1.symmetric_difference(s2)
s4 = s2.symmetric_difference(s1)
print(s3)
print(s4)
#两次打印的结果是一样的
{1, 2, 3, 4, 'd', 'c', 'ab', 'ds'}
{1, 2, 3, 4, 'd', 'ds', 'c', 'ab'}
symmetric_difference_update 与symmetric_difference 功能一样，只是它要更新原来的集合
update 更新某个元素
l1 = ['a','ab','ds']
s1 = set(l1) #自动转换并去重
s1.update('cd')
print(s1)
#输出结果：
{'d', 'ab', 'ds', 'a', 'c'}