软件工程概论 --1

 一、设计思想

     界面构思:

       先按照图片要求,写一个addInput的界面,实现要保存信息的输入。在后台数据库中建立相应的表course 存储课程信息。保存新信息即是数据库的增操作,所以再写一个add1.jsp 页面操作从addInput传过来的参数信息。因为参数有相应要求:任课教师为王建民、刘立嘉、刘丹、王辉、杨子光五位教师的其中一位。 要求上课地点开头为“一教、二教、三教、基教”中的一种,即判断参数是否等于要求,若不等,让它跳转回原来的addInput的界面,并给addInput页面返回一个错误信息,重新输入参数。若满足要求,则将参数各个信息设置给一个User对象,将这个对象添加到数据库中,在此只判断输入信息是否有效,如输入信息与数据库中出现重复的情况,在add操作中有相应判断。list.jsp用于显示所有课程信息。

     数据库连接:

   因为增删改查都是要调数据库操作的,所以不妨将数据库的连接写入一个包中分装,com.jaovo.msg.Util包中DBUtil类,设置加载数据库和释放资源的方法,在增删改查操作,即可直接调用,UserDaoImpl类中放着所有的操作方法,每执行一个操作,既然是对数据库操作,即要连接数据库。

     方法实现:

其实方法都大同小异,例如增加:1. 获得连接对象  2. 准备sql语句  3.创建语句传输对象  4. 接收结果集  5.遍历结果集 结果集不为空 ( 即该课程名称已存在)则抛出异常:该课程信息已存在;若为空,调用SQL中插入语句,将添加信息插入表中即可。6.关闭资源。

   异常抛出:

       定义一个自己的UserException类,继承Exception即可,抛出相关信息。

   错误信息捕捉:

   1.  ValidateUtil类中放着Map容器,通过 map对象用来装载不同错误信息  没有错误信息时返回true (错误信息为空),否则返回false。1.  Map<String,String> errorMsg=new HashMap();//<>泛型(map 装载错误信息,返回这个容器信息)2. 通过request.getParameter(filed);//获取对应参数  3.然后将错误信息装载:errorMsg.put(filed, filed+"不能为空");//键和值  4.request.setAttribute("errormsg",errorMsg);//map装进将容器中,在界面设置boolean validate=ValidateUtil.validateNull(request, new String[]{"class","teacher","address"});//使用的同一个request对象,判断它是否为真,若非真,则跳转原添加页面,在页面显示调用showError(request,"teacher")方法显示即可。若真,则执行添加操作。

  2.也可根据这种方法 ;   在add1.jsp页面,设置request.setAttribute("loginError","任课老师不存在");,然后在输入参数界面即addInput界面,request.getAttribute("loginError"),接收这个错误信息,判断是否有错误,若无,则赋值给“ ”即可,让它在页面输出即可。

     二、源程序代码

  addInput.jsp

<%@ page import="com.jaovo.msg.Util.ValidateUtil" %>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
                   <h1 style="color:blue ; ">课程信息添加页面</h1>
</head>
<body>
<%
    String loginError = (String)request.getAttribute("loginError");
    if(loginError == null){
        loginError = "";
    }
%>
   <h4 style="color:red ;"><%=loginError %></h4>
    <form action="add1.jsp" method="post">
            <tr>
                <td>课程名称 : </td>
                <td>
                    <input type="text" name="class" />
                    <%=ValidateUtil.showError(request,"class")
                     %>
                </td><br>
            </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>任课教师 : </td>
                <td>
                    <input type="text" name="teacher" />
                    <%= ValidateUtil.showError(request,"teacher")
                     %>
                </td><br>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>上课地点 : </td>
                <td>
                    <input type="text" name="address" />
                    <%=ValidateUtil.showError(request,"address")%>
                </td><br>
            <tr align="center">
                <td colspan="2">
                    <input type="submit" value="保存" />
                    <input type="reset" value="重置" />
                </td>
            </tr>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

add1.jsp

<%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.Util.UserException"%>
<%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.dao.UserDaoImpl"%>
<%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.model.User"%>
<%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.Util.ValidateUtil"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<%
    //接收客户端传递过来的参数
    String Class = request.getParameter("class");
    String teacher = request.getParameter("teacher");
    String address  = request.getParameter("address");
     boolean validate=ValidateUtil.validateNull(request, new String[]{"class","teacher","address"});//使用的同一个request对象
    if(!validate){
%>
    <jsp:forward page="addInput.jsp"></jsp:forward>
<%
    }
    User user = new User();
    user.setCourse(Class);
    user.setTeacher(teacher);
    user.setAddress(address);
    UserDaoImpl userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
    try{
    if((!("王建民".equals(teacher)))&&(!("刘立嘉".equals(teacher)))&&(!("王辉".equals(teacher)))&&(!("刘丹".equals(teacher))))
        { 
            request.setAttribute("loginError","任课老师不存在");
            %>
    <jsp:forward page="addInput.jsp"></jsp:forward>
<%
        }
        else if(!(address.startsWith("一教"))&&!(address.startsWith("二教"))&&!(address.startsWith("三教"))&&!(address.startsWith("基教")))
    {
      request.setAttribute("loginError","上课地点有误");
      %>
    <jsp:forward page="addInput.jsp"></jsp:forward>
<%
     }
    else{
    userDao.add(user);
    //重定向response.sendRedirect("List.jsp");
    %>
    用户保存成功!!<br>
    <a href="addInput.jsp">继续添加</a><br>
    <a href="list.jsp">用户列表</a>    
<%
     }
    }catch(UserException e){
%>
    <h2 style="color:red ; font-size:50px">发生错误 : <%=e.getMessage() %></h2>
    <%
    }
    %>
</html>

list.jsp

<%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.model.User"%>
<%@page import="java.util.List"%>
<%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.dao.UserDaoImpl"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>用户展示界面</title>
</head>
<%
    UserDaoImpl userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
    List<User> users = userDao.load();
%>
<body>
    <table align="center" border="1" width="500">
        <tr>
            <td>课程编号</td>
            <td>课程名称</td>
            <td>任课教师</td>
            <td>上课地点</td>
        </tr>
        <%
            for( User user : users ){
        %>
        <tr>
            <td> <%=user.getId() %></td>
            <td> <%=user.getCourse() %></td>
            <td> <%=user.getTeacher() %></td>
            <td> <%=user.getAddress() %></td>
        </tr>
        <%
            }
        %>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

DBUtil.java--连接数据库

package com.jaovo.msg.Util;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class DBUtil {
    public  static  Connection getConnection() {
        
            //1 加载驱动
            try {
                Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
            } catch (InstantiationException e1) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e1.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e1) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e1.printStackTrace();
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e1) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }
        String user = "root";
        String password = "root";
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/course";
        Connection connection = null;
        try {
            //2 创建链接对象connection
             connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return connection;
    }
    
    //关闭资源的方法
    public static void close(Connection connection ) {
        try {
            if (connection != null) {
                connection.close();
            }
            
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public static void close(PreparedStatement preparedStatement ) {
        try {
            if (preparedStatement != null) {
                preparedStatement.close();
            }
            
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public static void close(ResultSet resultSet ) {
        try {
            if (resultSet != null) {
                resultSet.close();
            }
            
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
}

User.java--基本信息(属性)

package com.jaovo.msg.model;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String course;
    private String teacher;
    private String address;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getCourse() {
        return course;
    }
    public void setCourse(String course) {
        this.course = course;
    }
    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
    public String getTeacher() {
        return teacher;
    }
    public void setTeacher(String teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }
    

}

IUserDao.java----方法接口

package com.jaovo.msg.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.jaovo.msg.model.User;

public interface IUserDao {
    public void add(User user);
    public void delete(int id);
    public void update(User user);
    public User load(int id);
    public User load(String Class);
    public User load(String Class,String teacher);
    public List<User> load();
}

UserDaoImpl.java---方法实现(增删改查)

package com.jaovo.msg.dao;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.jaovo.msg.Util.DBUtil;
import com.jaovo.msg.Util.UserException;
import com.jaovo.msg.model.User;
import sun.net.www.content.text.plain;
public class UserDaoImpl implements IUserDao {

    @Override
    public void add(User user) {
        //获得连接对象
        Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
        //准备sql语句
        String sql="select count(*)from t_user where Class= ?";
        //创建语句传输对象
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
        ResultSet resultSet=null;
        try {
             preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
             preparedStatement.setString(1, user.getCourse());
             //接收结果集
             resultSet=preparedStatement.executeQuery();
             //遍历结果集
             while(resultSet.next())
             {
                 if(resultSet.getInt(1)>0)
                     throw new UserException("用户已存在");
             }
             sql="insert into t_user(Class,teacher,address) value (?,?,?)";
             preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
             preparedStatement.setString(1, user.getCourse());
             preparedStatement.setString(2, user.getTeacher());
             preparedStatement.setString(3, user.getAddress());
             preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally
        {
            //关闭资源
            DBUtil.close(resultSet);
            DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
            DBUtil.close(connection);
            
        }
    }
    public void delete(int id) {
        Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
        String sql="delete from t_user where id=?";
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
        try
        {
            preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            preparedStatement.setInt(1, id);
            preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
        }catch(SQLException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally
        {
            //关闭资源
            DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
            DBUtil.close(connection);
            
        }
        
    }

    public void update(User user) {
        //获得连接对象
        Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
        //准备sql语句
        String sql="update t_user set teacher=?,address=? where id= ?";
        //创建语句传输对象
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
        try {
            preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            preparedStatement.setString(1, user.getTeacher());
            preparedStatement.setString(2, user.getAddress());
            preparedStatement.setInt(3, user.getId());
            preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally
        {
            //关闭资源
            DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
            DBUtil.close(connection);
            
        }
        
        
    }

    @Override
    public User load(int id) {
                //获得连接对象
                Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
                //准备sql语句
                String sql="select * from t_user where id = ?";
                //创建语句传输对象
                PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
                ResultSet resultSet=null;
                //集合中只能放User对象
                User user=null;
                try {
                    preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
                    preparedStatement.setInt(1, id);
                    resultSet=preparedStatement.executeQuery();
                     //遍历结果集
                     while(resultSet.next())
                     {
                         user=new User();
                         user.setId(id);
                         user.setTeacher(resultSet.getString("teacher"));
                         user.setCourse(resultSet.getString("class"));
                         user.setAddress(resultSet.getString("address"));
                     }
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }finally
                {
                    //关闭资源
                    DBUtil.close(resultSet);
                    DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
                    DBUtil.close(connection);
                    
                }
                
                 
        return user;
    }

    @Override
    public User load(String username) {
        //获得连接对象
        Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
        //准备sql语句
        String sql="select * from t_user where class = ?";
        //创建语句传输对象
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
        ResultSet resultSet=null;
        //集合中只能放User对象
        User user=null;
        try {
            preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            preparedStatement.setString(1,username);
            resultSet=preparedStatement.executeQuery();
             //遍历结果集
             while(resultSet.next())
             {
                 user=new User();
                 user.setCourse(username);
                 user.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
                 user.setTeacher(resultSet.getString("teacher"));
                 user.setAddress(resultSet.getString("address"));
             }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally
        {
            //关闭资源
            DBUtil.close(resultSet);
            DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
            DBUtil.close(connection);
            
        }   
          return user;    
    }

    @Override
    public List<User> load() {
        //获得连接对象
        Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
        //准备sql语句
        String sql="select * from t_user ";
        //创建语句传输对象
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
        ResultSet resultSet=null;
        List<User> users=new ArrayList<User>();
        User user=null;
        try {
            preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
             resultSet=preparedStatement.executeQuery();
             //遍历结果集
             while(resultSet.next())
             {
                 user=new User();
                 user.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
                 user.setCourse(resultSet.getString("class"));
                 user.setTeacher(resultSet.getString("teacher"));
                 user.setAddress(resultSet.getString("address"));
                 users.add(user);
             }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally
        {
            //关闭资源
            DBUtil.close(resultSet);
            DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
            DBUtil.close(connection);
            
        }
        return users;
    }
    public User load(String username, String password) {
        //获得连接对象
        Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
        //准备sql语句
        String sql="select * from t_user where class = ?";
        //创建语句传输对象
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
        ResultSet resultSet=null;
        //集合中只能放User对象
        User user=null;
        try {
            preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            preparedStatement.setString(1, username);
            resultSet=preparedStatement.executeQuery();
             //遍历结果集
             while(resultSet.next())
             {
                 user=new User();
                 user.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
                 user.setCourse(resultSet.getString("class"));
                 user.setTeacher(resultSet.getString("teacher"));
                 user.setAddress(resultSet.getString("address"));
                 
             }
             if(user==null)
             {
                 throw new UserException("该课程信息不存在");
             }
             if(!user.getTeacher().equals(password))
             {
                 throw new UserException("老师信息不正确");
             }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally
        {
            //关闭资源
            DBUtil.close(resultSet);
            DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
            DBUtil.close(connection);
            
        }
        
         
return user;
    }

}

UserException---自定义异常类

package com.jaovo.msg.Util;

public class UserException extends RuntimeException{

    public UserException() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
        super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserException(String message) {
        super(message);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    

}

ValidateUtil.java ---错误信息捕捉

package com.jaovo.msg.Util;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import com.jaovo.msg.dao.UserDaoImpl;
import com.jaovo.msg.model.User;

public class ValidateUtil {//验证信息是否为空,Map容器(保存映射关系)
    public static boolean validateNull(HttpServletRequest request,String []fileds){//不为空(没有错误信息)--true 为空--返回false
        boolean validate=true;
        //map对象用来装载不同错误信息
        Map<String,String> errorMsg=new HashMap();//<>泛型(map 装载错误信息,返回这个容器信息)
        for(String filed:fileds)
        {
            String value =request.getParameter(filed);//获取对应参数
            if(value==null||"".equals(value.trim()))
            {
                validate=false;
                errorMsg.put(filed, filed+"不能为空");//键和值
            }
            if(!validate)
            {
                request.setAttribute("errormsg",errorMsg);//map装进将容器中
                
            }
        }
        return validate;    
    }
    public static boolean validateError(HttpServletRequest request,String []fileds){//不为空(没有错误信息)--true 为空--返回false
        boolean validate=true;
        //map对象用来装载不同错误信息
        UserDaoImpl userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
        List<User> users = userDao.load();
        Map<String,String> errorMsg=new HashMap();//<>泛型(map 装载错误信息,返回这个容器信息)
        for(String filed:fileds)
        {
            String value =request.getParameter(filed);//获取对应参数
            if(value==null||"".equals(value.trim()))
            {
                validate=false;
                errorMsg.put(filed, filed+"不能为空");//键和值
            }
            for( User user : users ){
                  if(value.equals(user.getCourse()))
                  {
                      errorMsg.put(filed, filed+"已存在");//键和值
                  }
            }
            if(!validate)
            {
                request.setAttribute("errormsg",errorMsg);//map装进将容器中
                
            }
            
        }
        return validate;    
    }
    public static String showError(HttpServletRequest request,String filed)//反射
    {
        Map<String, String> errorMsg=(Map<String, String> )request.getAttribute("errormsg");
        if(errorMsg==null)
        {
            return "";
        }
        String msg=errorMsg.get(filed);//有对象
        if(msg==null)
        {
            return "";
        }
        return msg;
    }
    

}

 三、运行结果截图

表中原有:

添加新信息:

表中新信息:

list.jsp

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhao-teng-ass/p/7911389.html