Groovy小结:java调用Groovy方法并传递参数

@(JAVA总结)

1. 场景描述

在网上查了资料发现,java有三种方式调用groovy脚本。但是真正在实际的服务器环境中,嵌入groovy脚本往往需要满足下面的条件:

  1. 可以直接调用groovy脚本中的方法
  2. 能传递对象到groovy方法中,不仅仅是字符串
  3. 提供脚本缓存机制,不用每次调用脚本的时候,都到磁盘读取
  4. 修改groovy后能实时生效

只有满足了上面的这些要求,才能安心的将其嵌入到现有的Java后台服务中。
下面就来具体探讨下具体实现的步骤。

2. 解决方案

其实,GroovyScriptEngine类就已经提供了上面所说的功能。
主要使用GroovyScriptEngine.loadScriptByName来读取脚本,loadScriptByName方法内部提供了缓存功能,在读取groovy脚本的时候,会优先从缓存中读取,如果缓存中没有的话,才去读取脚本,如下:
Alt text

2.1 相关测试类和脚本

在后面的测试后,会用到下面的java类和groovy脚本。

2.1.1 测试类Person.java

该类用于测试传递Java对象到Groovy脚本中

public class Person {
    public String name;
    public String address;
    public Integer age;
    
    public Person(String name, String addr, Integer age){
        this.name = name;
        this.address = addr;
        this.age = age;
    }
    
    public String toString(){
        return String.format("[Person: name:%s, address:%s, age:%s]", name,address, age);
    }
}

2.1.2 测试脚本hello2.groovy

下面脚本中的两个方法用于测试方法的无参调用和带参调用

def helloWithoutParam(){
    println "start to call helloWithoutParam!"
    return "success, helloWithoutParam";
}

def helloWithParam(person, id){
    println "start to call helloWithParam, param{person:" + person + ", id:" + id + "}";
    return "success, helloWithParam";
}

2.2 java调用Groovy脚本方法(无参)

public static void testGroovy2(){
    try {  
        Class scriptClass = groovyScriptEngine.loadScriptByName("hello2.groovy");
        GroovyObject scriptInstance = (GroovyObject)scriptClass.newInstance();
        Object ret = scriptInstance.invokeMethod("helloWithoutParam", null);
        System.out.println("testGroovy2:" + ret);
    } catch (Exception e) {  
        e.printStackTrace();  
        System.out.println("Exception e="+e.toString());  
    } 
}

执行结果:
start to call helloWithoutParam!
testGroovy2: success, helloWithoutParam

2.3 java调用Groovy脚本方法(带参)

@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes" })
public static void testGroovy3(){
    try {  
        Person person = new Person("wchi", "nanjing", 30);
        Class scriptClass = groovyScriptEngine.loadScriptByName("hello2.groovy");
        GroovyObject scriptInstance = (GroovyObject)scriptClass.newInstance();
        Object ret = scriptInstance.invokeMethod("helloWithParam", new Object[]{person,"lxi"}); 
        System.out.println("testGroovy3:" + ret);
    } catch (Exception e) {  
        e.printStackTrace();  
        System.out.println("Exception e="+e.toString());  
    } 
}

返回结果:
start to call helloWithParam, param{person:[Person: name:wchi, address:nanjing, age:30], id:lxi}
testGroovy3: success, helloWithParam

2.4 封装的公用类

可以将上面的代码封装成公用类,这样就方便很多,如下:

public class GroovyCommonUtil {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GroovyCommonUtil.class);
    //该变量用于指明groovy脚本所在的父目录
    static String root[]=new String[]{"bin/groovy/"};  
    static GroovyScriptEngine groovyScriptEngine;  
    
    static{
        try {
            groovyScriptEngine=new GroovyScriptEngine(root);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  
    }
    
    /**
     *  用于调用指定Groovy脚本中的指定方法 
     * @param scriptName    脚本名称
     * @param methodName    方法名称
     * @param params        方法参数
     * @return
     */
@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes"})
public Object invokeMethod(String scriptName, String methodName, Object... params) throws Exception{
    Object ret = null;
    Class scriptClass = null;
    GroovyObject scriptInstance = null;
    
    try {
        scriptClass = groovyScriptEngine.loadScriptByName(scriptName);
        scriptInstance = (GroovyObject)scriptClass.newInstance();
    } catch (ResourceException | ScriptException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException e1) {
        log.warn("加载脚本["+scriptName+"]出现异常", e1);
        throw new Exception("加载脚本"+scriptName+"失败");
    }

    try {
        ret = (String)scriptInstance.invokeMethod(methodName, params);
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
        log.warn("执行方法" + methodName + "参数出现异常, 参数为" + params, e);
        throw new Exception("调用方法[" + methodName + "]失败,因参数不合法");
    } catch(Exception e){
        log.warn("执行方法" + methodName + "出现异常", e);
        throw new Exception("调用方法[" + methodName + "]失败");
    }

    return ret;
}

使用上面的公用类,改写的测试代码如下:

/**
 * 测试没有参数的方法调用
 */
public static void testGroovyWithoutParam(){
    String result = (String)GroovyCommonUtil.invokeMethod("hello2.groovy", "helloWithoutParam");
    System.out.println("testGroovy4: " + result + "
");
}

/**
 * 测试携带参数的方法调用
 */
public static void testGroovyWithParam(){
    Person person = new Person("wchi", "nanjing", 30);
    String result = (String)GroovyCommonUtil.invokeMethod("hello2.groovy", "helloWithParam", person, "testGroovy4");
    System.out.println("testGroovy4: " + result + "
");
}
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhanying999666/p/10156179.html