SpringBoot集成Swagger2

SpringBoot集成Swagger2

在团队开发中，一个好的 API 文档不但可以减少大量的沟通成本，还可以帮助一位新人快速上手业务。传统的做法是由开发人员创建一份 RESTful API 文档来记录所有的接口细节，并在程序员之间代代相传。

这种做法存在以下几个问题：

  • API 接口众多，细节复杂，需要考虑不同的HTTP请求类型、HTTP头部信息、HTTP请求内容等，想要高质量的完成这份文档需要耗费大量的精力；
  • 难以维护。随着需求的变更和项目的优化、推进，接口的细节在不断地演变，接口描述文档也需要同步修订，可是文档和代码处于两个不同的媒介，除非有严格的管理机制，否则很容易出现文档、接口不一致的情况

Swagger2的出现就是为了从根本上解决上述问题。它作为一个规范和完整的框架，可以用于生成、描述、调用和可视化 RESTful 风格的 Web 服务：

  1. 接口文档在线自动生成，文档随接口变动实时更新，节省维护成本
  2. 支持在线接口测试，不依赖第三方工具

SpringBoot集成Swagger2

引入pom依赖

  <!-- swagger -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>

创建 Swagger2Configuration.java

package cn.rayfoo.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;

/**
 * @Author: rayfoo@qq.com
 * @Date: 2020/7/22 10:40 上午
 * @Description: swgaaer配置类
 */
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class Swagger2Configuration {
    /**
     * api接口包扫描路径
     */
    public static final String SWAGGER_SCAN_BASE_PACKAGE = "cn.rayfoo.controller";
    /**
     * 版本信息
     */
    public static final String VERSION = "1.0.0";

    @Bean
    public Docket createRestApi() {
        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .apiInfo(apiInfo())
                .select()
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage(SWAGGER_SCAN_BASE_PACKAGE))
                .paths(PathSelectors.any()) // 可以根据url路径设置哪些请求加入文档，忽略哪些请求
                .build();
    }

    private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
        return new ApiInfoBuilder()
                .title("员工管理系统文档") //设置文档的标题
                .description("此文档是员工管理系统的API说明文档") // 设置文档的描述
                .version(VERSION) // 设置文档的版本信息-> 1.0.0 Version information
                //.contact(new Contact("rayfoo","blog.vantee.cn","rayfoo@qq.com"))
                .termsOfServiceUrl("http://blog.vantee.cn") // 设置文档的License信息->1.3 License information
                .build();
    }

}

Swagger2Configuration.java配置类的内容不多，配置完成后也很少变化，简单了解即可。

如上代码所示，通过 @Configuration注解，让 Spring 加载该配置类。再通过 @EnableSwagger2注解来启用Swagger2。成员方法 createRestApi函数创建 Docket的Bean之后，apiInfo()用来创建该 Api 的基本信息（这些基本信息会展现在文档页面中）。select()函数返回一个 ApiSelectorBuilder实例用来控制哪些接口暴露给 Swagger 来展现，本例采用指定扫描的包路径来定义，Swagger 会扫描该包下所有 Controller 定义的 API，并产生文档内容（除了被 @ApiIgnore指定的请求）。

API 接口编写

package cn.rayfoo.controller;

import cn.rayfoo.bean.Employee;
import cn.rayfoo.service.EmployeeService;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @Author: rayfoo@qq.com
 * @Date: 2020/7/1 8:55 下午
 * @Description:
 */
//@ApiIgnore
@Api(tags = "员工管理接口")
@RestController
public class EmployeeController {

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeService employeeService;

    @ApiOperation(value = "根据id查询employee",notes = "note：根据id查询",
            produces = "application/json",response = Employee.class)
    @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id",value = "用户id",required = true)
    @GetMapping("/employees/{id}")
    public Employee sayHello(@PathVariable(value = "id",required = true) Integer id){
        return employeeService.findOne(id);
    }

}

本接口示例了 @ApiOperation 和 @ApiImplicitParam 两个注解的使用。

Swagger 通过注解定制接口对外展示的信息，这些信息包括接口名、请求方法、参数、返回信息等。更多注解类型：

  • @Api：修饰整个类，描述Controller的作用
  • @ApiOperation：描述一个类的一个方法，或者说一个接口
    • @ApiOperation() 用于方法；表示一个http请求的操作
      value用于方法描述
      notes用于提示内容
      tags可以重新分组（视情况而用）
  • @ApiParam：单个参数描述
  • @ApiModel：用对象来接收参数
  • @ApiProperty：用对象接收参数时，描述对象的一个字段
  • @ApiResponse：HTTP响应其中1个描述
  • @ApiResponses：HTTP响应整体描述
  • @ApiIgnore：使用该注解忽略这个API
  • @ApiError ：发生错误返回的信息
  • @ApiImplicitParam：描述一个请求参数，可以配置参数的中文含义，还可以给参数设置默认值
    • @ApiImplicitParam() 用于方法，参数，字段说明；表示对参数的添加元数据（说明或是否必填等）
      name–参数名
      value–参数说明
      required–是否必填
  • @ApiImplicitParams：描述由多个 @ApiImplicitParam 注解的参数组成的请求参数列表
    • @ApiImplicitParams() 用于方法，包含多个 @ApiImplicitParam
      name–参数ming
      value–参数说明
      dataType–数据类型
      paramType–参数类型
      example–举例说明

给model加入注释

package cn.rayfoo.bean;

import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;

import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @Author: rayfoo@qq.com
 * @Date: 2020/7/1 8:52 下午
 * @Description:
 */
@ApiModel
@Table(name = "emp")
public class Employee implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "员工id")
    private Integer empno;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "员工名")
    private String ename;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "岗位")
    private String job;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "领导")
    private String mgr;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "入职日期")
    private Date hiredate;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "工资")
    private BigDecimal salary;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "绩效")
    private Double comm;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "部门编号")
    private Integer deptno;

   	getter()... setter()... ....
}

@ApiModel()用于类 ；表示对类进行说明，用于参数用实体类接收
value–表示对象名
description–描述
都可省略
@ApiModelProperty()用于方法，字段； 表示对model属性的说明或者数据操作更改
value–字段说明
name–重写属性名字
dataType–重写属性类型
required–是否必填
example–举例说明
hidden–隐藏

查看接口文档、接口测试

SpringBoot 启动成功后，访问 http://localhost:port/swagger-ui.html

在这个页面可以查看接口文档和测试

在 Security 中的配置

Spring Boot 项目中如果集成了 Spring Security，在不做额外配置的情况下，Swagger2 文档会被拦截。解决方法是在 Security 的配置类中重写 configure 方法添加白名单即可：

@Override
public void configure ( WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
    web.ignoring()
      .antMatchers("/swagger-ui.html")
      .antMatchers("/v2/**")
      .antMatchers("/swagger-resources/**");
}

2020年8月6日更新

使用丝袜哥进行接口测试的时候发现控制台出现如下错误

10:00:49 [http-nio-8082-exec-10] WARN  i.s.m.p.AbstractSerializableParameter - Illegal DefaultValue  for parameter type integer
java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: ""
	at java.lang.NumberFormatException.forInputString(NumberFormatException.java:65)
	at java.lang.Long.parseLong(Long.java:601)
	at java.lang.Long.valueOf(Long.java:803)
	at io.swagger.models.parameters.AbstractSerializableParameter.getExample(AbstractSerializableParameter.java:412)
	at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor171.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanPropertyWriter.serializeAsField(BeanPropertyWriter.java:664)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.BeanSerializerBase.serializeFields(BeanSerializerBase.java:689)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanSerializer.serialize(BeanSerializer.java:155)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.impl.IndexedListSerializer.serializeContents(IndexedListSerializer.java:119)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.impl.IndexedListSerializer.serialize(IndexedListSerializer.java:79)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.impl.IndexedListSerializer.serialize(IndexedListSerializer.java:18)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanPropertyWriter.serializeAsField(BeanPropertyWriter.java:704)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.BeanSerializerBase.serializeFields(BeanSerializerBase.java:689)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanSerializer.serialize(BeanSerializer.java:155)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanPropertyWriter.serializeAsField(BeanPropertyWriter.java:704)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.BeanSerializerBase.serializeFields(BeanSerializerBase.java:689)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanSerializer.serialize(BeanSerializer.java:155)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.MapSerializer.serializeFields(MapSerializer.java:633)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.MapSerializer.serialize(MapSerializer.java:536)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.MapSerializer.serialize(MapSerializer.java:30)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanPropertyWriter.serializeAsField(BeanPropertyWriter.java:704)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.BeanSerializerBase.serializeFields(BeanSerializerBase.java:689)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanSerializer.serialize(BeanSerializer.java:155)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.DefaultSerializerProvider.serializeValue(DefaultSerializerProvider.java:292)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper._configAndWriteValue(ObjectMapper.java:3697)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper.writeValueAsString(ObjectMapper.java:3073)
	at springfox.documentation.spring.web.json.JsonSerializer.toJson(JsonSerializer.java:38)
	at springfox.documentation.swagger2.web.Swagger2Controller.getDocumentation(Swagger2Controller.java:105)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:205)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:133)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:97)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:827)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:738)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:85)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:967)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:901)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:970)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:861)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:635)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:846)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:742)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:61)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.executeChain(AdviceFilter.java:108)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.doFilterInternal(AdviceFilter.java:137)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:66)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.executeChain(AbstractShiroFilter.java:449)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter$1.call(AbstractShiroFilter.java:365)
	at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.doCall(SubjectCallable.java:90)
	at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.call(SubjectCallable.java:83)
	at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.DelegatingSubject.execute(DelegatingSubject.java:383)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.doFilterInternal(AbstractShiroFilter.java:362)
	at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter.doFilter(WebStatFilter.java:123)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:208)
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:177)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:347)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:263)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:108)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:81)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:197)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:199)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:478)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:868)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1459)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

查阅Swagger发现，

Swagger每一个@ApiModelProperty注解里example属性都会进行非空判断.但是,它在判断的语句里只判断了null的情况,没有判断是空字符串的情况,所以解析数字的时候就会报这个异常；

解决方法：

修改maven的依赖,这个类所在的包是swagger-models包,而这个包就在swagger的主要功能包springfox-swagger2里，默认依赖的版本是1.5.20 ，改为引用1.5.22版本，问题解决；

        <!-- swagger -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>io.swagger</groupId>
                    <artifactId>swagger-models</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.swagger</groupId>
            <artifactId>swagger-models</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.22</version>
        </dependency>

1.5.22中的源码进入了字符串的非空判断

    @JsonProperty("x-example")
    public Object getExample() {
        if (this.example != null && !this.example.isEmpty()) {
            try {
                if ("integer".equals(this.type)) {
                    return Long.valueOf(this.example);
                }
 
                if ("number".equals(this.type)) {
                    return Double.valueOf(this.example);
                }
 
                if ("boolean".equals(this.type) && ("true".equalsIgnoreCase(this.example) || "false".equalsIgnoreCase(this.defaultValue))) {
                    return Boolean.valueOf(this.example);
                }
            } catch (NumberFormatException var2) {
                LOGGER.warn(String.format("Illegal DefaultValue %s for parameter type %s", this.defaultValue, this.type), var2);
            }
 
            return this.example;
        } else {
            return this.example;
        }
    }

解决方案2：修改swagger的日志范围（不建议）

#日志
logging:
  level:
    #屏蔽丝袜哥乱抛的异常
    io.swagger.models.parameters.AbstractSerializableParameter: error

参考文章 本文章是转载的，主要作为以后学习和工作使用。
作者：大鱼炖海棠
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/c79f6a14f6c9

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangruifeng/p/13360360.html