RSA非对称性前端加密后端解密

前端加密代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>RSA非对称加密登录</title>
    <script src="~/JS/jquery-1.8.1.min.js"></script><script src="~/JS/RSA.js"></script>
    <script src="~/JS/BigInt.js"></script>
    <script src="~/JS/Barrett.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {
            index.init();
        });

        var index = function () {
            setMaxDigits(129);
            //第一个参数为加密指数、第二个参数为解密参数、第三个参数为加密系数
            var key_to_encode = new RSAKeyPair("010001", "", "A12A08F50D3B15E2BA7658C49A6CD068E3BB8AB439B8E5D125904F5C954AD7553CE712046182D299E3831516A2477578D86BA9D0C5C70D78FFCACCFD040C430A7B53729D517139B893DB7B228759D44BE5A3A5AE870287A2B5F165EE698EEAB9FEF345F82D27D789F0E5F79490AB324A4EDEE11A76A38FCB6E05F64335D2A60D");
            var _initEvent = function () {
                $("#submit").click(function () {
                    submitData();
                });
            }

            function submitData() {
                var userName = $("#userName").val();
                var pwd = $("#pwd").val();
                pwd = encryptedString(key_to_encode, pwd)
                $.ajax({
                    url: "/Home/Login",
                    data: {
                        "userName": userName,
                        "pwd": pwd
                    },
                    datatype: "json",
                    type: "get",
                    success: function (json) {
                        $("#result").html("登录结果：" + json.result + "<br/>前端传入密码：" + json.InPwd + "<br/>后端解密后：" + json.OutPwd);
                    }
                });
            }

            return {
                init: function () {
                    _initEvent();
                }
            }
        }();

    </script>
</head>
<body>
    用户名：<input type="text" id="userName" value="张三" /><br /><br />
    密   码：<input type="text" id="pwd" value="12345677" /><br /><br />
    <input type="button" id="submit" value="提交" />
    <p id="result"></p>
</body>
</html>

后端登录处理和解密代码

        public ActionResult Login(string userName, string pwd)
        {
            string outPwd = RSADecrypts.RSADecrypt(pwd);
            if (outPwd == "12345677" && userName == "张三")
            {
                return Json(new { result = "登录成功", InPwd = pwd, OutPwd = outPwd }, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
            }
            else
            {
                return Json(new { result = "用户名或密码不对", InPwd = pwd, OutPwd = outPwd }, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
            }

        }

  public static string RSADecrypt(string pToDecrypt)
        {
            string privateKey = "<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>oSoI9Q07FeK6dljEmmzQaOO7irQ5uOXRJZBPXJVK11U85xIEYYLSmeODFRaiR3V42Gup0MXHDXj/ysz9BAxDCntTcp1RcTm4k9t7IodZ1Evlo6WuhwKHorXxZe5pjuq5/vNF+C0n14nw5feUkKsySk7e4Rp2o4/LbgX2QzXSpg0=</Modulus><Exponent>AQAB</Exponent><P>0nRJAznZ9iAUkCkW//b9sQ5KquqRqqTe8/jp2ZAkCXuGz7WNCMQsSX/doJY0Dfum5MDeq0Y4ShB/LRSWhrKSrw==</P><Q>xArz6MLHAHOY7z76pA5o10mERKp7z4yhm/wFa9ghgy3Q3bQAfotRsLbT16ELmXqFi1Wo0Z2CprtZpVMsaGdyAw==</Q><DP>n0/t8WY6zCmOx26DfbKwavbBqU62hHIYYKG+DLcjwJXlAJmTsN4oFF+aGzV5JFirByHFrewTMmX4j9y08jR9+w==</DP><DQ>XDg+xrahgE/gmGLK6tOwc92sb9S2y0p/V241aqbQFPI/d5tORDjrY7KNcrjaSQd+vK297WUn6aDmKcQ3dqF62w==</DQ><InverseQ>N1WISfI5sfIovGeRCpTjz0kGfCuqURyjU+MxCD+xmCCgDcNKmSiDaUzKprnoCZbFd5IvSYGFSpPSdtpQ3qcVRw==</InverseQ><D>HgwCuIE7e1SWk/rvyKSx5GRU8kKwok7ChADYMvgoiGX9YU1EINPtpMA8j6F1JuJ5YcwM0H4XIuVktzApmegZVV6oS8xgdiWWixYufc8MThyP5FEBBd4LxPkVDSBsO3v8mdsWAZIi+Gup+SCnyrNqDp2a984/dfwyxWPj1PmacYc=</D></RSAKeyValue>";
            CspParameters cspParameters = new CspParameters();
            cspParameters.KeyContainerName = "containerName";
            cspParameters.KeyNumber = 1;
            cspParameters.Flags = CspProviderFlags.UseMachineKeyStore;

            using (RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(cspParameters))
            {
                rsa.FromXmlString(privateKey);
                byte[] result = rsa.Decrypt(HexStringToBytes(pToDecrypt), false);
                System.Text.ASCIIEncoding enc = new ASCIIEncoding();
                return enc.GetString(result);
            }
        }

        private static byte[] HexStringToBytes(string hex)
        {
            if (hex.Length == 0)
            {
                return new byte[] { 0 };
            }

            if (hex.Length % 2 == 1)
            {
                hex = "0" + hex;
            }

            byte[] result = new byte[hex.Length / 2];

            for (int i = 0; i < hex.Length / 2; i++)
            {
                result[i] = byte.Parse(hex.Substring(2 * i, 2), System.Globalization.NumberStyles.AllowHexSpecifier);
            }

            return result;
        }

生成公钥私钥代码

 private static string BytesToHexString(byte[] input)
        {
            StringBuilder hexString = new StringBuilder(64);

            for (int i = 0; i < input.Length; i++)
            {
                hexString.Append(String.Format("{0:X2}", input[i]));
            }
            return hexString.ToString();
        }

        public static void CreateKey(out string publicKey, out string privateKey)
        {

            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsaProvider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(1024);
            RSAParameters parameter = rsaProvider.ExportParameters(false);
            publicKey = BytesToHexString(parameter.Exponent) + "," + BytesToHexString(parameter.Modulus);
            //    publicKeyXML = rsa.ToXmlString(true);
            privateKey = rsaProvider.ToXmlString(true);
        }
    }

注：RSA只是非对称加密算法的一种，在非对称加密中使用的主要算法有：RSA、Elgamal、背包算法、Rabin、D-H、ECC（椭圆曲线加密算法）等，对称加密算法中常用的算法有：DES、3DES、TDEA、Blowfish、RC2、RC4、RC5、IDEA、SKIPJACK、AES等

附Demo地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/fcydxbd/9724553

参考地址：http://blog.csdn.net/dslinmy/article/details/37362661