Maven与Eclipse使用中遇到的问题解决之道

在使用Maven以及Eclipse的Maven插件时,我和同事遇到了一下几个问题,本着知其然知其所以然的学习精神,总结如下:

  1. Unrecognised tag
    问题
    由于我使用本地代理仓库,所以settings.xml设置如下:
    <profiles>
      <profile>
        <id>nexus</id>
        <repositories>
          <repository>
            <id>nexus</id>
            <name>Nexus</name>
            <url>http://localhost:8081/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases>
            <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots>
          </repository>
        </repositories>
        <pluginRepositories>
          <pluginRepository>
            <id>nexus</id>
            <name>Nexus</name> 
            <url>http://localhost:8081/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases>
            <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots>       
          </pluginRepository>       
        </pluginRepositories>
      </profile> 
      <!--激活配置-->
      <activeProfiles>
        <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>
      </activeProfiles>
    </profiles>
    但在Maven编译时报了如下异常:

    [WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective settings
    [WARNING] Unrecognised tag: 'activeProfiles' (position: START_TAG seen ... ... @269:18) @ C:Documents and SettingsAdministrator.ZQFGROUP.000.m2settings.xml, line 269, column 18
    [WARNING]

    解决
    这是因为错把activeProfiles配置到了profiles节点里了,应该把activeProfiles移到profiles之外,更多settings.xml配置信息请参考这里
  2. No goals
    问题
    Eclipse安装了Maven插件后,在项目的pom.xml上右键能看到如下:

    而我自作聪明地认为:Maven buildmvn compile 是等价的,于是我再点击"Maven build..."之后,“Goals”是空的,如:

    于是就报了这样的错误:

    [ERROR] No goals have been specified for this build. You must specify a valid lifecycle phase or a goal in the format:or:[:]:. Available lifecycle phases are: validate, initialize, generate-sources, process-sources, generate-resources, process-resources, compile, process-classes, generate-test-sources, process-test-sources, generate-test-resources, process-test-resources, test-compile, process-test-classes, test, prepare-package, package, pre-integration-test, integration-test, post-integration-test, verify, install, deploy, pre-site, site, post-site, site-deploy, pre-clean, clean, post-clean. -> [Help 1]

    解决
    解决方法至少有两种:
    • 再点击"Maven build..."之后,输入你要执行的“Goals”,如compile,clean,test等等;
    • 在pom.xml中配置默认的Goal,如:
      <build>
      	<defaultGoal>clean</defaultGoal>
      </build>
      作为project的子节点。
  3.  not a JRE
    问题
    在使用pom.xml配置默认Goal的时,如果默认的Goal为clean就没问题,但如果是如:
    <build>
    	<defaultGoal>clean compile</defaultGoal>
    </build>
    就会报错误:

    [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:compile (default-compile) on project Demo: Compilation failure
    [ERROR] Unable to locate the Javac Compiler in:
    [ERROR] C:Program FilesJavajre7..lib ools.jar
    [ERROR] Please ensure you are using JDK 1.4 or above and
    [ERROR] not a JRE (the com.sun.tools.javac.Main class is required).
    [ERROR] In most cases you can change the location of your Java
    [ERROR] installation by setting the JAVA_HOME environment variable.

    经过几番尝试,才发现并不是多个Goal的问题,而是compile Goal的问题。但使用命令的"mvn compile"又是OK的。
    几经折腾才发现错误里说的很清楚:Please ensure you are using JDK 1.4 or above and not a JRE",它需要的是JDK而不是JRE。我给的项目中使用的是公共JRE:

    解决
    修改Eclipse的配置,使用JDK:Eclipse->Window->Preferences->Java->Installed JREs

    Finish后,项目如:

OK,知之为知之,不知创造条件必须知!!

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原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaiqianfeng/p/4620130.html