[root@monitor ~]# LD_DEBUG=help ls Valid options for the LD_DEBUG environment variable are: libs display library search paths reloc display relocation processing files display progress for input file symbols display symbol table processing bindings display information about symbol binding versions display version dependencies all all previous options combined statistics display relocation statistics unused determined unused DSOs help display this help message and exit To direct the debugging output into a file instead of standard output a filename can be specified using the LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT environment variable.
[root@monitor ~]# LD_DEBUG=bindings /root/test 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_res' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_IO_file_close' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `rpc_createerr' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__key_gendes_LOCAL' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__ctype32_tolower' [GLIBC_2.2] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `loc1' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `svc_pollfd' [GLIBC_2.2] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_IO_funlockfile' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__malloc_initialize_hook' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `argp_program_version' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__tzname' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__after_morecore_hook' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__progname' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `obstack_exit_failure' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__check_rhosts_file' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `program_invocation_short_name' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_IO_stdout_' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `optopt' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `malloc' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_environ' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_IO_stderr_' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__key_encryptsession_pk_LOCAL' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__ctype_tolower' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__malloc_hook' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /root/test [0]: normal symbol `_IO_stdin_used' 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__progname_full' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `obstack_alloc_failed_handler' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__fpu_control' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `mallwatch' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `loc2' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__realloc_hook' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0]: normal symbol `__libc_stack_end' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `program_invocation_name' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `argp_program_version_hook' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__curbrk' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `stdout' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `svc_max_pollfd' [GLIBC_2.2] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0]: normal symbol `_rtld_global_ro' [GLIBC_PRIVATE] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_nl_domain_bindings' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `stderr' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__ctype32_b' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0]: normal symbol `__libc_enable_secure' [GLIBC_PRIVATE] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_res_hconf' [GLIBC_2.2] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `argp_program_bug_address' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `h_errlist' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `optind' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0]: normal symbol `_dl_argv' [GLIBC_PRIVATE] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `svc_fdset' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_IO_stdin_' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `re_syntax_options' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__rcmd_errstr' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__daylight' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `error_print_progname' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__ctype32_toupper' [GLIBC_2.2] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__ctype_b' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__ctype_toupper' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__morecore' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `getdate_err' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_nl_msg_cat_cntr' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `stdin' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__environ' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `svcauthdes_stats' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__memalign_hook' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__free_hook' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `error_message_count' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `free' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0]: normal symbol `_rtld_global' [GLIBC_PRIVATE] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__timezone' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__key_decryptsession_pk_LOCAL' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `error_one_per_line' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `opterr' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `optarg' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `argp_err_exit_status' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_IO_2_1_stdin_' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_IO_2_1_stdout_' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_IO_2_1_stderr_' [GLIBC_2.1] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `calloc' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `realloc' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `malloc' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0]: normal symbol `___tls_get_addr' [GLIBC_2.3] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `memalign' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `free' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_Unwind_Find_FDE' [GCC_3.0] 21569: binding file /lib/libc.so.6 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `memmem' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0] to /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0]: normal symbol `_r_debug' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `free' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__libc_memalign' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `malloc' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `calloc' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `realloc' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0] to /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0]: normal symbol `___tls_get_addr' [GLIBC_2.3] 21569: binding file /lib/ld-linux.so.2 [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `free' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: 21569: calling init: /lib/libc.so.6 21569: 21569: binding file /root/test [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `__libc_start_main' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: 21569: initialize program: /root/test 21569: 21569: 21569: transferring control: /root/test 21569: 21569: binding file /root/test [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `sbrk' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /root/test [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `brk' [GLIBC_2.0] 21569: binding file /root/test [0] to /lib/libc.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `printf' [GLIBC_2.0]
0x9c22000 0x9c22004 (nil) 0x9c22004 0x9c22004 Segmentation fault
[root@monitor ~]# LD_DEBUG=libs /root/test //显示库如何加载的 21570: find library=libc.so.6 [0]; searching 21570: search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache 21570: trying file=/lib/libc.so.6 21570: 21570: 21570: calling init: /lib/libc.so.6 21570: 21570: 21570: initialize program: /root/test 21570: 21570: 21570: transferring control: /root/test 21570: 0x9a88000 0x9a88004 (nil) 0x9a88004 0x9a88004 Segmentation fault