asp.net core signalR

一、asp.net core使用signalR入门

1，nuget Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR 

2，新建ChatHub文件

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace SignalRDemo
{
    public class ChatHub:Hub
    {
        public async Task SendMessage(string user,string message)
        {
            await Clients.All.SendAsync("ReceiveMessage",user,message);
        }
        
    }
}
ChatHub
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR;

namespace SignalRDemo
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc();

          
            services.AddSignalR();
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
            }

            app.UseStaticFiles();


          
            app.UseSignalR(routes=>{
                routes.MapHub<ChatHub>("/chathub");
            });
        
            app.UseMvc(routes =>
            {
                routes.MapRoute(
                    name: "default",
                    template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
            });
        }
    }
}
配置Startup

3，生成signalr.js文件

使用npm下载signalr D:signalr> npm install @aspnet/signalr 

将 D:signalr ode_modules@aspnetsignalrdistrowsersignalr.js 拷贝到项目中 SignalRDemowwwrootlibsignalrsignalr.js 

4，在视图页面使用

@{
    ViewData["Title"] = "Home Page";
}


<input type="text" name="" id="message" class="form-control" value="" required="required" pattern="" title="">

<button type="button" class="btn btn-default" id="send" >发送</button>


<div id="content"></div>

@section Scripts{

    <script src="~/lib/signalr/signalr.js"></script>
    <script>
        const connection=new signalR.HubConnectionBuilder()
                            .withUrl("/chatHub")
                            .build();

        connection.on("ReceiveMessage",(use,message)=>{
            $("#content").append(message+"<br/>");
        });

        connection.start().catch(err=>{alert(err)});

        $("#send").click(function(){
            var msg= $("#message").val();
            connection.invoke("SendMessage","",msg).catch(err=>{alert(err)})
        });

</script>
}
Index.cshtml

 案例下载：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1FEgPEbPZOribtYnLv-XCNQ

二、前后端分离模式

1，前端代码

<html>
<head>
<title></title>
</head>
<body>


<input type="text" name="" id="message" class="form-control" value="" required="required" pattern="" title="">

<button type="button" class="btn btn-default" id="send" >发送</button>


<div id="content"></div>


<script src="js/jquery.js" ></script>
<script src="js/signalr.js"></script>
<script>
    const connection=new signalR.HubConnectionBuilder()
                            .withUrl("http://localhost:5000/chatHub")
                            .build();

        connection.on("ReceiveMessage",(use,message)=>{
            $("#content").append(message+"<br/>");
        });

        connection.start().catch(err=>{alert(err)});

        $("#send").click(function(){
            var msg= $("#message").val();
            connection.invoke("SendMessage","",msg).catch(err=>{alert(err)})
        });
</script>
</body>
</html>
index.html

使用npm下载signalr

2，后端需要配置cors

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR;

namespace SignalRDemo
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc();

            //注册Cors的策略
            services.AddCors(options=>options.AddPolicy("CorsPolicy",builder=>{
                builder.AllowAnyMethod()
                       .AllowAnyHeader()
                       .AllowAnyOrigin()
                       .AllowCredentials();
            }));

            services.AddSignalR();
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
            }

            app.UseStaticFiles();


            //使用CorsPolicy策略的Cors
            app.UseCors("CorsPolicy");

            app.UseSignalR(routes=>{
                routes.MapHub<ChatHub>("/chathub");
            });
        
            app.UseMvc(routes =>
            {
                routes.MapRoute(
                    name: "default",
                    template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
            });
        }
    }
}
Startup
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace SignalRDemo
{
    public class ChatHub:Hub
    {
        public async Task SendMessage(string user,string message)
        {
            await Clients.All.SendAsync("ReceiveMessage",user,message);
        }
        
    }
}
ChatHub

案例下载：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1qcYOKuO42HltFmwP3vZgSA 

三、Hub

1，创建并使用Hub

public class ChatHub : Hub
{
    public async Task SendMessage(string user, string message)
    {
        await Clients.All.SendAsync("ReceiveMessage", user,message);
    }

    public Task SendMessageToCaller(string message)
    {
        return Clients.Caller.SendAsync("ReceiveMessage", message);
    }

    public Task SendMessageToGroups(string message)
    {
        List<string> groups = new List<string>() { "SignalR Users" };
        return Clients.Groups(groups).SendAsync("ReceiveMessage", message);
    }

    public override async Task OnConnectedAsync()
    {
        await Groups.AddToGroupAsync(Context.ConnectionId, "SignalR Users");
        await base.OnConnectedAsync();
    }

    public override async Task OnDisconnectedAsync(Exception exception)
    {
        await Groups.RemoveFromGroupAsync(Context.ConnectionId, "SignalR Users");
        await base.OnDisconnectedAsync(exception);
    }
}
Hub

2，Clients对象

①每个实例Hub类有一个名为Clients包含服务器和客户端之间通信的以下成员：

属性描述
All 在所有连接的客户端上调用方法
Caller 调用 hub 方法在客户端上调用方法
Others 除调用的方法的客户端的所有连接客户端上调用方法

此外，Hub.Clients包含以下方法：

方法描述
AllExcept 在指定的连接除外的所有连接的客户端上调用方法
Client 在特定连接的客户端上调用方法
Clients 在特定连接的客户端上调用方法
Group 将消息发送到指定的组中的所有连接
GroupExcept 将消息发送到指定的组，除非指定连接中的所有连接
Groups 将一条消息发送到多个组的连接
OthersInGroup 将一条消息发送到一组的连接，不包括客户端调用 hub 方法
User 将消息发送到与特定用户关联的所有连接
Users 将消息发送到与指定的用户相关联的所有连接

3，将消息发送到客户端

//将消息发送到调用此hub的客户端
public Task SendMessageToCaller(string message)
{
    return Clients.Caller.SendAsync("ReceiveMessage", message);
}
//将消息发送到指定发送的所有客户端
public Task SendMessageToGroups(string message)
{
    List<string> groups = new List<string>() { "SignalR Users" };
    return Clients.Groups(groups).SendAsync("ReceiveMessage", message);
}

4，处理消息事件

//连接触发
public override async Task OnConnectedAsync()
{
    await Groups.AddToGroupAsync(Context.ConnectionId, "SignalR Users");
    await base.OnConnectedAsync();
}
//断开连接触发
public override async Task OnDisconnectedAsync(Exception exception)
{
    await Groups.RemoveFromGroupAsync(Context.ConnectionId, "SignalR Users");
    await base.OnDisconnectedAsync(exception);
}

5，客户端处理错误

connection.invoke("SendMessage", user, message).catch(err => console.error(err));

四、客户端调用hub

nuget Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR.Client 

using System;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR.Client;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;

namespace SignalRClient
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("准备就绪...");

            HubConnection connection=new HubConnectionBuilder()
                            .WithUrl("http://localhost:5000/chatHub")
                            .Build();

            //连接hub
            connection.StartAsync();
            Console.WriteLine("已连接");
            
            //定义一个客户端方法ReceiveMessage
            connection.On<string,string>("ReceiveMessage",(UriParser,message)=>{
                Console.WriteLine($"接收消息：{message}");
            });

            while(true)
            {
                Thread.Sleep(1000);
                var msg=Console.ReadLine();
                //发送给hub的SendMessage方法
                connection.InvokeAsync("SendMessage","",msg);
            }

        }
    }

}
Main

案例下载：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1gqGNl_FPXxz0LYVozrqI5g

【推广】 免费学中医，健康全家人
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/zd1994/p/9134965.html