Uva 816 Abbott's Revenge

题目链接:传送门

分析:很显然,这是一道BFS的题目,但是有很多的限制条件,这样的话处理就比较麻烦,那么要怎么处理呢?

      首先,要用一个can数组来表示当前在(x,y),方向为dir,接下来要往i处转弯行不行,这个是题目告诉我们的,我们在读入的时候同时预处理一下就好了.然后BFS的时候要用三元组来表示状态(x,y,dir),因为影响答案的并不仅仅是坐标,还有当前状态的朝向.在每一步的时候枚举方向,下一步的坐标就能很好地推出来,这里要注意的是移动数组要和方向对应.

      最后就是输出了,在BFS中每个状态记录这个状态的“父节点”--也就是上一状态,如果搜索到答案了,就从最后一个状态开始不断地向前推,一个一个输出就可以了,格式一定要注意,打错一个空格都会WA......

#include <queue>
#include <vector>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

const char *dirs = "NESW";
const char *turns = "FLR";

bool flag = true,can[11][11][5][5];
int sx, sy, tx, ty, fangxiang, x, y,d[11][11][5];
int dx[] = { -1, 0, 1, 0 };
int dy[] = { 0, 1, 0, -1 };

int dir_id(char ch)
{
    return strchr(dirs, ch) - dirs;
}

int turn_id(char ch)
{
    return strchr(turns, ch) - turns;
}

struct node
{
    int x, y, dir;
}fa[11][11][5];

bool fanwei(int x, int y)
{
    if (x > 0 && x < 10 && y > 0 && y < 10)
        return true;
    return false;
}

node walk(node &u, int turn)
{
    int di = u.dir;
    if (turn == 1)
        di = (di + 3) % 4;
    else
        if (turn == 2)
            di = (di + 1) % 4;
    node temp;
    temp.x = u.x + dx[di];
    temp.y = u.y + dy[di];
    temp.dir = di;
    return temp;
}

void print(node u)
{
    vector<node> p;
    while (1)
    {
        p.push_back(u); 
        if (d[u.x][u.y][u.dir] == 0)
            break;
        u = fa[u.x][u.y][u.dir];
    }
    node temp;
    temp.x = x;
    temp.y = y;
    temp.dir = fangxiang;
    p.push_back(temp);
    int cnt = 0;
    for (int i = p.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        if (cnt % 10 == 0)
            cout << " ";
        cout << " (" << p[i].x << "," << p[i].y << ")";
        if (++cnt % 10 == 0)
            cout << endl;
    }
    if (p.size() % 10 != 0)
        cout << endl;
}

void bfs()
{
    queue <node> q;
    memset(d, -1, sizeof(d));
    memset(fa, 0, sizeof(fa));
    node temp;
    temp.x = sx;
    temp.y = sy;
    temp.dir = fangxiang;
    d[sx][sy][fangxiang] = 0;
    q.push(temp);
    while (!q.empty())
    {
        node u = q.front();
        q.pop();
        if (u.x == tx && u.y == ty)
        {
            flag = 0;
            print(u);
            return;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
        {
            node v = walk(u, i);
            if (can[u.x][u.y][u.dir][i] && fanwei(v.x, v.y) && d[v.x][v.y][v.dir] < 0)
            {
                d[v.x][v.y][v.dir] = d[u.x][u.y][u.dir] + 1;
                fa[v.x][v.y][v.dir] = u;
                q.push(v);
            }
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    char ch[30];
    while (scanf("%s", ch) && strcmp(ch, "END"))
    {
        printf("%s
", ch);
        flag = true;
        memset(can, 0, sizeof(can));
        char s;
        cin >> x >> y >> s >> tx >> ty;
        fangxiang = dir_id(s);
        sx = x + dx[fangxiang];
        sy = y + dy[fangxiang];
        int r, c;
        char str[30];
        while (scanf("%d", &r))
        {
            if (r == 0)
                break;
            scanf("%d", &c);
            while (cin >> str)
            {
                if (str[0] == '*')
                    break;
                int dID = dir_id(str[0]);
                for (int i = 1; i < strlen(str); i++)
                {
                    int tID = turn_id(str[i]);
                    can[r][c][dID][tID] = 1;
                }
            }
        }
        bfs();
        if (flag)
            cout << "  No Solution Possible" << endl;
        getchar();
    }

    return 0;
}

 

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zbtrs/p/7577623.html