爬虫 cast day04

xpath 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>xpath的基本语法</title>
</head>
<body>
    <script>
        /*
        *     xpath 基本语法：
        *       1， 根节点 ： /  eg: /html/body/note/book
        *       2， 跨节点 ： // eg: //book
        *       3， 使用下标: [],下标从1开始，而且使用的前提是 元素之间是同级关系。 eg://book[1] 可以！ //title[1] 不可以！
        *                       下标如果倒着来的话，要用last()  eg:  //book[last()] 倒数第一个   book[last()-1] 倒数第二个，以此类推
        *                        也可以这样：  book[position()>1]
        *       4， 精确查找： 属性选择器 eg:  //title[@name="zcb1"]
        *       上面四个都是获取的是标签。
        *
        *       下面是获取具体的值
        *       5， 标签包裹的 内容 ：使用text().  -->  string  eg://book[2]/title/text()   这得到的才是字符串
        *       6， 取标签中属性的 value  : 使用@属性名 -->string  eg : //book[1]/title/@name
        * */
    </script>
    <note>
        <book>
            <title name="zcb1">哈利波特1</title>
            <price>100</price>
        </book>
        <book>
            <title>哈利波特2</title>
            <price>101</price>
        </book>
        <book>
            <title>哈利波特3</title>
            <price>102</price>
        </book>
    </note>
</body>
</html>
xpath 的基本语法

xpath 还有模糊查询...   

c

xpath 练习：

https://movie.douban.com/top250

//ol[@class="grid_view"]/li//span[@class="title"][1]/text()
获取里面的电影的名字
//ol/li//div[@class="hd"]/a/@href
获取链接
//ol/li//div[@class="star"]/span[last()]
评价人数

https://www.baidu.com

//a[text()='下一页>']/@href
根据文本内容选择 标签，实现翻页功能。

lxml:

它也是一个第三方库：

 1 from lxml  import etree
 2 
 3 def test():
 4     html_str = '''
 5 <!DOCTYPE html>
 6 <html lang="en">
 7 <head>
 8     <meta charset="UTF-8">
 9     <title>Title</title>
10 </head>
11 <body>
12     <div>
13         <ul>
14             <li class="item1"><a href="link1.html">first item</a></li>
15             <li class="item2"><a href="link2.html">ist item</a></li>
16             <li class="item3"><a href="link3.html">f item</a></li>
17             <li class="item4"><a href="link4.html">st item</a></li>
18             <li class="item5"><a href="link5.html">fi item</a></li>
19             <li class="item6"><a href="link6.html">tte item</a></li>
20             <li>    <!-- 此处 li 标签未封闭 。但是它也是不影响结果的--> 
21         </ul>
22     </div>
23 </body>
24 </html>
25     '''
26 
27     #1，将字符串 转为html
28     data  = etree.HTML(html_str)
29 
30     #2，调用xpath的语法进行解析  (xpath 解析出来 都是以列表进行展示！ )
31     result_obj = data.xpath("/html//ul/li")
32     print(result_obj)
33 
34     #标签包裹的内容
35     content = data.xpath("//a[@href='link1.html']/text()") #第一个a 标签中包裹的内容  ['first item']
36     print(content)
37 
38     #标签的属性
39     value = data.xpath("//li[3]/@class")
40     print(value)
41 
42 
43     #了解 模糊查询  contains()   #模糊查询 属性 class 包含 it 的所有li标签
44     ret = data.xpath("//li[contains(@class,'it')]")
45     print(ret)
46 
47 
48     #补充：  如果给的html_str 比较乱，我们可以对其进行格式化 一下！   它会将没有补全的标签自动补全，并且也会进行缩进！  
49     # result_formated = etree.tostring(data).decode("utf8") #
50     # print(result_formated)
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 if __name__ == '__main__':
61     test()
View Code

xpath  和 lxml 的 代码使用步骤：

 1 import requests
 2 import random
 3 
 4 USER_AGENT = [
 5     "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.122 UBrowser/4.0.3214.0 Safari/537.36",
 6     # IPhone
 7     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
 8     # IPod
 9     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPod; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
10     # IPAD
11     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5",
12     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
13     # Android
14     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.2.1; zh-cn; HTC_Wildfire_A3333 Build/FRG83D) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
15     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; en-us; Nexus One Build/FRF91) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
16     # QQ浏览器 Android版本
17     "MQQBrowser/26 Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; zh-cn; MB200 Build/GRJ22; CyanogenMod-7) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
18     # Android Opera Mobile
19     "Opera/9.80 (Android 2.3.4; Linux; Opera Mobi/build-1107180945; U; en-GB) Presto/2.8.149 Version/11.10",
20     # Android Pad Moto Xoom
21     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 3.0; en-us; Xoom Build/HRI39) AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Safari/534.13",
22     # BlackBerry
23     "Mozilla/5.0 (BlackBerry; U; BlackBerry 9800; en) AppleWebKit/534.1+ (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0.0.337 Mobile Safari/534.1+",
24     # WebOS HP Touchpad
25     "Mozilla/5.0 (hp-tablet; Linux; hpwOS/3.0.0; U; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) wOSBrowser/233.70 Safari/534.6 TouchPad/1.0",
26     # Nokia N97
27     "Mozilla/5.0 (SymbianOS/9.4; Series60/5.0 NokiaN97-1/20.0.019; Profile/MIDP-2.1 Configuration/CLDC-1.1) AppleWebKit/525 (KHTML, like Gecko) BrowserNG/7.1.18124",
28     # Windows Phone Mango
29     "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0; HTC; Titan)",
30     # UC浏览器
31     "UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
32     "NOKIA5700/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
33     # UCOpenwave
34     "Openwave/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
35     # UC Opera
36     "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; ) Opera/UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999"
37 ]
38 
39 #https://search.chinahr.com/bj/job/pn1/?key=python
40 class ChinaHRSpider():
41     def __init__(self):
42         self.base_url = "https://search.chinahr.com/bj/job/pn1/"
43         self.headers = {"User-Agent":random.choice(USER_AGENT)}
44 
45     #1,发送请求
46     def send_requests(self,params):
47         response =  requests.get(self.base_url,headers =self.headers,params=params)
48         data_str = response.content.decode("utf8")  #默认就是utf8
49         return data_str
50 
51     #2,解析数据  使用xpath 来解析
52     def parase_data(self,data):
53         pass
54 
55     #3,保存数据
56     def write_file(self,data):
57         with open("ChinaHR.html","w",encoding="utf8") as f:
58             f.write(data)
59 
60     #4,调度方法
61     def run(self):
62         params = {
63             "key":"python"
64         }
65         data_str = self.send_requests(params)
66         self.write_file(data_str)
67 if __name__ == '__main__':
68     ChinaHRSpider().run()
中华英才网 爬虫 测试

下面解析上面拿到的html文档。

 1 import requests
 2 import random
 3 from lxml import etree
 4 
 5 USER_AGENT = [
 6     "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.122 UBrowser/4.0.3214.0 Safari/537.36",
 7     # IPhone
 8     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
 9     # IPod
10     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPod; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
11     # IPAD
12     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5",
13     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
14     # Android
15     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.2.1; zh-cn; HTC_Wildfire_A3333 Build/FRG83D) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
16     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; en-us; Nexus One Build/FRF91) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
17     # QQ浏览器 Android版本
18     "MQQBrowser/26 Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; zh-cn; MB200 Build/GRJ22; CyanogenMod-7) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
19     # Android Opera Mobile
20     "Opera/9.80 (Android 2.3.4; Linux; Opera Mobi/build-1107180945; U; en-GB) Presto/2.8.149 Version/11.10",
21     # Android Pad Moto Xoom
22     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 3.0; en-us; Xoom Build/HRI39) AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Safari/534.13",
23     # BlackBerry
24     "Mozilla/5.0 (BlackBerry; U; BlackBerry 9800; en) AppleWebKit/534.1+ (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0.0.337 Mobile Safari/534.1+",
25     # WebOS HP Touchpad
26     "Mozilla/5.0 (hp-tablet; Linux; hpwOS/3.0.0; U; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) wOSBrowser/233.70 Safari/534.6 TouchPad/1.0",
27     # Nokia N97
28     "Mozilla/5.0 (SymbianOS/9.4; Series60/5.0 NokiaN97-1/20.0.019; Profile/MIDP-2.1 Configuration/CLDC-1.1) AppleWebKit/525 (KHTML, like Gecko) BrowserNG/7.1.18124",
29     # Windows Phone Mango
30     "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0; HTC; Titan)",
31     # UC浏览器
32     "UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
33     "NOKIA5700/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
34     # UCOpenwave
35     "Openwave/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
36     # UC Opera
37     "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; ) Opera/UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999"
38 ]
39 
40 #https://search.chinahr.com/bj/job/pn1/?key=python
41 class ChinaHRSpider():
42     def __init__(self):
43         self.base_url = "https://search.chinahr.com/bj/job/pn1/"
44         self.headers = {"User-Agent":random.choice(USER_AGENT)}
45 
46     #1,发送请求
47     def send_requests(self,params):
48         response =  requests.get(self.base_url,headers =self.headers,params=params)
49         data_str = response.content.decode("utf8")  #默认就是utf8
50         return data_str
51 
52     #2,解析数据  使用xpath 来解析
53     def parase_data(self,data_str):
54         #a 转换类型
55         html_data = etree.HTML(data_str)
56         #b 调用xpath 方法  解析数据
57 
58 
59 
60     #3,保存数据
61     def write_file(self,data):
62         with open("ChinaHR.html","w",encoding="utf8") as f:
63             f.write(data)
64 
65     #4,调度方法
66     def run(self):
67         params = {
68             "key":"python"
69         }
70         data_str = self.send_requests(params)
71         self.write_file(data_str)
72 def test():
73     with open("ChinaHR.html","r",encoding="utf8") as f:
74         data_str = f.read()
75     def parase_data(data_str):
76         #a 转换类型
77         html_data = etree.HTML(data_str)
78         #b 调用xpath 方法  解析数据
79         jobname_list =  html_data.xpath('//div[@class="job-list-box"]//ul[1]/li/@title')
80  
81 
82 
83 
84     parase_data(data_str)
85 
86 if __name__ == '__main__':
87     # ChinaHRSpider().run()
88     test()
将取出的数据放到列表中，这样不太好，应该放到一个字典中
 1 import requests
 2 import random
 3 from lxml import etree
 4 import json
 5 
 6 USER_AGENT = [
 7     "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.122 UBrowser/4.0.3214.0 Safari/537.36",
 8     # IPhone
 9     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
10     # IPod
11     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPod; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
12     # IPAD
13     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5",
14     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
15     # Android
16     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.2.1; zh-cn; HTC_Wildfire_A3333 Build/FRG83D) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
17     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; en-us; Nexus One Build/FRF91) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
18     # QQ浏览器 Android版本
19     "MQQBrowser/26 Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; zh-cn; MB200 Build/GRJ22; CyanogenMod-7) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
20     # Android Opera Mobile
21     "Opera/9.80 (Android 2.3.4; Linux; Opera Mobi/build-1107180945; U; en-GB) Presto/2.8.149 Version/11.10",
22     # Android Pad Moto Xoom
23     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 3.0; en-us; Xoom Build/HRI39) AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Safari/534.13",
24     # BlackBerry
25     "Mozilla/5.0 (BlackBerry; U; BlackBerry 9800; en) AppleWebKit/534.1+ (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0.0.337 Mobile Safari/534.1+",
26     # WebOS HP Touchpad
27     "Mozilla/5.0 (hp-tablet; Linux; hpwOS/3.0.0; U; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) wOSBrowser/233.70 Safari/534.6 TouchPad/1.0",
28     # Nokia N97
29     "Mozilla/5.0 (SymbianOS/9.4; Series60/5.0 NokiaN97-1/20.0.019; Profile/MIDP-2.1 Configuration/CLDC-1.1) AppleWebKit/525 (KHTML, like Gecko) BrowserNG/7.1.18124",
30     # Windows Phone Mango
31     "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0; HTC; Titan)",
32     # UC浏览器
33     "UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
34     "NOKIA5700/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
35     # UCOpenwave
36     "Openwave/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
37     # UC Opera
38     "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; ) Opera/UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999"
39 ]
40 #https://search.chinahr.com/bj/job/pn1/?key=python
41 class ChinaHRSpider():
42     def __init__(self):
43         self.base_url = "https://search.chinahr.com/bj/job/pn1/"
44         self.headers = {"User-Agent":random.choice(USER_AGENT)}
45 
46     #1,发送请求
47     def send_requests(self,params):
48         response =  requests.get(self.base_url,headers =self.headers,params=params)
49         data_str = response.content.decode("utf8")  #默认就是utf8
50         return data_str
51 
52     #2,解析数据
53     def parase_data(self,data_str):   #-->list
54         # a 转换类型
55         html_data = etree.HTML(data_str)
56         # b 调用xpath 方法  解析数据
57         divs = html_data.xpath('//div[@class="job-list-box"]/div')  # divs 包含了我们需要的一行中的信息
58         job_list = []
59         for div in divs:
60             temp = {}
61             job_name = str(div.xpath('ul/li[@class="job-name"]/@title')[0])  # string
62             fabu_date = div.xpath('ul/li[@class="fabu-date"]/text()')[0].strip("
 ")  # string
63             job_address = div.xpath('ul/li[@class="job-address"]/text()')[0].strip("
 ").split('|')[0]  # string
64             jingyan = div.xpath('ul/li[@class="job-address"]/text()')[0].strip("
 ").split('|')[1]  # string
65             xueli = div.xpath('ul/li[@class="job-address"]/text()')[0].strip("
 ").split('|')[2]  # string
66             company_address = div.xpath('ul/li[@class="job-company"]/text()')[0].strip("
 ")  # string
67             data = {
68                 "job_name": job_name,
69                 "fabu_date": fabu_date,
70                 "job_address": job_address,
71                 "jingyan": jingyan,
72                 "xueli": xueli,
73                 "company_name": company_address
74             }
75             job_list.append(data)
76         return job_list
77 
78     #3,保存数据
79     def write_file(self,data):
80         with open("ChinaHR.json","w",encoding="utf8") as f:
81             json.dump(data,f,ensure_ascii=False)
82     #4,调度方法
83     def run(self):
84         params = {
85             "key":"python"
86         }
87         data_str = self.send_requests(params)
88         ret = self.parase_data(data_str)
89         self.write_file(ret)
90 
91 if __name__ == '__main__':
92     ChinaHRSpider().run()
将取出的 数据 放到一个字典中， 最后将字典放到列表中，最后保存成Json文件！
 1 import requests
 2 import random
 3 from lxml import etree
 4 import json
 5 
 6 USER_AGENT = [
 7     "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.122 UBrowser/4.0.3214.0 Safari/537.36",
 8     # IPhone
 9     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
10     # IPod
11     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPod; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
12     # IPAD
13     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5",
14     "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
15     # Android
16     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.2.1; zh-cn; HTC_Wildfire_A3333 Build/FRG83D) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
17     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; en-us; Nexus One Build/FRF91) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
18     # QQ浏览器 Android版本
19     "MQQBrowser/26 Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; zh-cn; MB200 Build/GRJ22; CyanogenMod-7) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
20     # Android Opera Mobile
21     "Opera/9.80 (Android 2.3.4; Linux; Opera Mobi/build-1107180945; U; en-GB) Presto/2.8.149 Version/11.10",
22     # Android Pad Moto Xoom
23     "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 3.0; en-us; Xoom Build/HRI39) AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Safari/534.13",
24     # BlackBerry
25     "Mozilla/5.0 (BlackBerry; U; BlackBerry 9800; en) AppleWebKit/534.1+ (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0.0.337 Mobile Safari/534.1+",
26     # WebOS HP Touchpad
27     "Mozilla/5.0 (hp-tablet; Linux; hpwOS/3.0.0; U; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) wOSBrowser/233.70 Safari/534.6 TouchPad/1.0",
28     # Nokia N97
29     "Mozilla/5.0 (SymbianOS/9.4; Series60/5.0 NokiaN97-1/20.0.019; Profile/MIDP-2.1 Configuration/CLDC-1.1) AppleWebKit/525 (KHTML, like Gecko) BrowserNG/7.1.18124",
30     # Windows Phone Mango
31     "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0; HTC; Titan)",
32     # UC浏览器
33     "UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
34     "NOKIA5700/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
35     # UCOpenwave
36     "Openwave/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
37     # UC Opera
38     "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; ) Opera/UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999"
39 ]
40 #https://search.chinahr.com/bj/job/pn9//?key=python
41 class ChinaHRSpider():
42     def __init__(self):
43         self.base_url = "https://search.chinahr.com/bj/job/pn"
44         self.headers = {"User-Agent":random.choice(USER_AGENT)}
45         self.job_list = []
46 
47     #1,发送请求
48     def send_requests(self,new_url,params):
49         response =  requests.get(new_url,headers =self.headers,params=params)
50         data_str = response.content.decode("utf8")  #默认就是utf8
51         return data_str
52 
53     #2,解析数据
54     def parase_data(self,data_str):
55         # a 转换类型
56         html_data = etree.HTML(data_str)
57         # b 调用xpath 方法  解析数据
58         divs = html_data.xpath('//div[@class="job-list-box"]/div')  # divs 包含了我们需要的一行中的信息
59 
60         for div in divs:
61             temp = {}
62             job_name = str(div.xpath('ul/li[@class="job-name"]/@title')[0])  # string
63             fabu_date = div.xpath('ul/li[@class="fabu-date"]/text()')[0].strip("
 ")  # string
64             job_address = div.xpath('ul/li[@class="job-address"]/text()')[0].strip("
 ").split('|')[0]  # string
65             jingyan = div.xpath('ul/li[@class="job-address"]/text()')[0].strip("
 ").split('|')[1]  # string
66             xueli = div.xpath('ul/li[@class="job-address"]/text()')[0].strip("
 ").split('|')[2]  # string
67             company_address = div.xpath('ul/li[@class="job-company"]/text()')[0].strip("
 ")  # string
68             data = {
69                 "job_name": job_name,
70                 "fabu_date": fabu_date,
71                 "job_address": job_address,
72                 "jingyan": jingyan,
73                 "xueli": xueli,
74                 "company_name": company_address
75             }
76             self.job_list.append(data)
77 
78     #3,保存数据
79     def write_file(self):
80         with open("ChinaHR.json","w",encoding="utf8") as f:
81             json.dump(self.job_list,f,ensure_ascii=False)
82     #4,调度方法
83     def run(self):
84         params = {
85             "key":"python"
86         }
87         for pageNum in range(1,10): #1-9  页 的数据！
88             new_url = self.base_url+str(pageNum)+"/"
89             data_str = self.send_requests(new_url,params)
90             self.parase_data(data_str)
91             self.write_file()
92 
93             print("正在下载第{}页......".format(pageNum))
94 
95 if __name__ == '__main__':
96     ChinaHRSpider().run()
爬取多页之第一种：固定循环次数！

bs4 

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/zach0812/p/12005571.html