本人下载了最新版的ubuntu64（14.04）位桌面版系统，在安装hadoop2.6.0时，由于官方的hadoop是在32位机子上编译的，故需下载hadoop源码进行编译。
准备：hadoop-2.6.0-src
jdk1.7.0_75(由于最新版的jdk是1.8.0_31版本的，而我在用这个版本编译hadoop时出现了问题，后来发现1.8.0是在hadoop出来之后出来的，所以可能有些不支持，故建议用1.7.0版本的)
1、安装JDK
安装jdk的方式大家可以网上搜一下，或者通过这个链接http://www.cnblogs.com/yulijunzj/p/4253748.html查看，方式是一样的
2、安装maven
sudo apt-get install maven
安装完后可以查看maven版本信息
mvn --version
3、安装openssh
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
4、安装依赖库
sudo apt-get install g++ autoconf automake libtool cmake zlib1g-dev pkg-config libssl-dev
5、安装protoc
sudo apt-get install protobuf-compiler
安装完后可以查看版本信息
protoc --version
6、开始编译，进入HADOOP源代码目录 hadoop-2.6.0-src，执行：
mvn clean package -Pdist,native -DskipTests -Dtar
7、编译成功，结果如下：
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Reactor Summary: [INFO] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Main ................................ SUCCESS [1.205s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Project POM ......................... SUCCESS [1.187s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Annotations ......................... SUCCESS [2.856s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Assemblies .......................... SUCCESS [0.256s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Project Dist POM .................... SUCCESS [1.726s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Maven Plugins ....................... SUCCESS [2.863s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop MiniKDC ............................. SUCCESS [3.064s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth ................................ SUCCESS [4.360s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth Examples ....................... SUCCESS [3.036s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Common .............................. SUCCESS [1:35.206s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop NFS ................................. SUCCESS [7.385s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop KMS ................................. SUCCESS [11.518s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Common Project ...................... SUCCESS [0.037s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS ................................ SUCCESS [2:17.988s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop HttpFS .............................. SUCCESS [15.917s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS BookKeeper Journal ............. SUCCESS [8:54.814s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS-NFS ............................ SUCCESS [3.273s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS Project ........................ SUCCESS [0.039s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn ....................................... SUCCESS [0.029s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-api ................................... SUCCESS [1:21.677s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-common ................................ SUCCESS [2:04.882s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server ................................ SUCCESS [0.040s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-common ......................... SUCCESS [59.159s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager .................... SUCCESS [2:39.110s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy ...................... SUCCESS [2.738s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-applicationhistoryservice ...... SUCCESS [5.060s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager ................ SUCCESS [16.724s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-tests .......................... SUCCESS [4.537s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-client ................................ SUCCESS [6.404s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications .......................... SUCCESS [0.031s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell ......... SUCCESS [2.486s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher .... SUCCESS [1.715s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-site .................................. SUCCESS [0.060s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-registry .............................. SUCCESS [4.597s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-project ............................... SUCCESS [4.524s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client ........................... SUCCESS [0.053s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-core ...................... SUCCESS [20.050s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-common .................... SUCCESS [15.055s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle ................... SUCCESS [3.437s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-app ....................... SUCCESS [8.152s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs ........................ SUCCESS [6.760s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient ................. SUCCESS [54.547s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins ................ SUCCESS [1.622s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Examples .................. SUCCESS [4.799s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce .................................. SUCCESS [4.062s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Streaming ................. SUCCESS [15.407s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Distributed Copy .................... SUCCESS [36.599s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Archives ............................ SUCCESS [2.880s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Rumen ............................... SUCCESS [5.047s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Gridmix ............................. SUCCESS [4.041s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Data Join ........................... SUCCESS [2.439s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Ant Tasks ........................... SUCCESS [2.007s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Extras .............................. SUCCESS [2.676s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Pipes ............................... SUCCESS [9.342s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop OpenStack support ................... SUCCESS [4.124s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Amazon Web Services support ......... SUCCESS [15:56.705s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Client .............................. SUCCESS [6.766s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Mini-Cluster ........................ SUCCESS [0.111s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Scheduler Load Simulator ............ SUCCESS [5.307s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools Dist .......................... SUCCESS [21.215s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools ............................... SUCCESS [0.024s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Distribution ........................ SUCCESS [40.475s] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 42:16.388s [INFO] Finished at: Fri Jan 30 16:30:42 CST 2015 [INFO] Final Memory: 148M/691M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
问题：
本人在编译hadoop时主要遇到了三个问题，导致多次编译不成功。
1)在编译之前安装maven时他默认的java不是之前装的，并且我之前装得jdk的版本是1.8.0_31,发现与hadoop2.6.0存在不兼容现象，需要去该hadoop的代码，比较麻烦。
解决办法：该用jdk1.7.0_65版本，在改完版本后，我需要更改默认版本：
sudo update-alternatives --config java sudo update-alternatives --config javac sudo update-alternatives --config javadoc sudo update-alternatives --config javah
2)遇到无法删除target文件夹的错误
解决方法：
chown 用户名 文件夹/ -R
3)就是由于网速过慢，时不时就直接失败
解决方法：
重复的执行第六步。