ios开发之c语言基础-结构体

// main.m

// C7- 结构体

// Created by dllo on 15/10/14.

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

// 声明一个结构体

//关键字(struct) 结构体名(student){

//结构体成员...

//}

//struct student {

// char name[20];

// char sex;

// float score;

// int age;

//};

struct rect {

char name[20];

float len;

float width;

double area;

};

//声明并且起名字,struct student 用student代替

typedef struct student { int score;

int age;

char name[20];

}student;

//结构体作为函数参数

//简单类型的结构体作为函数形参

void testStruct(struct student stu)

{

printf("%s",stu.name);

}

//数组类型的结构体变量做函数形参

void testStructArr(struct student stu[])

{

printf("%s",stu[1].name);

}

//为已经存在的类型命名新的名字

//将Yuhao 代替 int 将struct student 用student代替

typedef int HuHao;

//typedef struct student student;

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {

HuHao a = 0;

// int b = 0;

printf("%d",a);

//定义一个结构体变量

//变量类型变量名初值

//注意,变量类型为: struct student

//变量名为: stu

// struct student stu = {0};

// // 注意,初值顺序与声明匹配

// struct student stu1 = {"yuhao",'n',99.9,23};

// struct rectangle rec1 = {5,6,30};

//访问结构体变量的成员

// stu.age = 25;

// printf("%d ", stu.age);

// 结构体可以整体赋值

// stu = stu1;

// printf("%d ",stu.age);

// strcpy(stu.name, "丝袜");

//注意数组不可以整体赋值,只可以通过for ,或者字符串函数strcpy

//有3个学生,编程找出分数最高的以及年纪最小的

// int maxscore = 0;

// int minage = 70;

// struct student stu1 = {70, 20,"yuhao"};

// struct student stu2 = {80, 20,"yuaho"};

// struct student stu3 = {80, 40,"yuao"};

// if (stu1.score > maxscore) {

// maxscore = stu1.score;

// }

// if (stu2.score > maxscore) {

// maxscore = stu2.score;

// }

// if (stu3.score > maxscore) {

// maxscore = stu3.score;

// }

// printf("%d %d", maxscore, minage);

// maxscore = stu1.score > stu2.score ? stu1.score : stu2.score;

// maxscore = maxscore > stu3.score ? maxscore : stu3.score;

// struct student maxStu = {0};

//比较分数,但返回整体信息-因为结构体变量可以整体赋值;

// maxStu = stu1.score > stu2.score ? stu1 : stu2;

// maxStu = maxStu.score > stu3.score ? maxStu : stu3;

//输出分数最大的学生的所有信息

// printf("%d %d %s ",maxStu.score, maxStu.age, maxStu.name);

// struct student minageStu = {0};

// minageStu = stu1.age < stu2.age ? stu1 : stu2;

// minageStu = minageStu.age < stu3.age ? minageStu : stu3;

// printf("%d %d %s ",minageStu.score,minageStu.age,minageStu.name);

// //结构体数组

// struct student stu[2000] = {0};

// //将第二名同学的年龄赋值为80

// stu[1].age = 80;

////

// struct student stu[3] = {

// {70, 20,"yuhao"},

// {80, 20,"yusaho"},

// {90, 40,"yusao"}

// };

// 有5个同学保存在结构体数组中,编程查找成绩最高者,输出该学生的全部信息

// int max = 0;

// struct student maxscore = {0};

// struct student stu[5] = {

// {70, 20,"yuhao"},

// {80, 10,"yusaho"},

// {90, 40,"yussao"},

// {91, 38,"yausao"},

// {97, 41,"yasusao"}

// };

// for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

/* minageStu = stu1.age < stu2.age ? stu1 : stu2;

minageStu = minageStu.age < stu3.age ? minageStu : stu3;

printf("%d %d %s ",minageStu.score,minageStu.age,minageStu.name);

//这种方法只能输出一个最大值

// if (stu[i].score >max){

// max = stu[i].score;

// }

// for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

// if (stu[i].score == max){

// printf("%d %d %s",stu[i].score,stu[i].age,stu[i].name);

// }

//对上面的5位同学鞍成绩从高到低排序,并输出

// struct student maopaostu[5] ={0};

// struct student a = {0};

// struct student stu[5] = {

// {70, 20,"yuhao"},

// {80, 10,"yusaho"},

// {90, 40,"yussao"},

// {91, 38,"yausao"},

// {97, 41,"yasusao"}

// };

//冒泡排序

// for (int i = 0; i < 5 ; i++) {

// for (int j = 0; j < 5 - i - 1; j++) {

// if (stu[j].score < stu[j + 1].score) {

// struct student stu1 = {0};

// stu1 = stu[j];

// stu[j] = stu[j + 1];

// stu[j + 1] = stu1;

// }

// for (int i = 0; i < 5 ; i++) {

// maopaostu[i] = stu[i];

// }

/* 结构体数组也不可以直接赋值

strcpy(maopaostu, stu);这条语句是错误的,strcpy只能将含有相同类型的数组复制,结构体数组中含有字符串char型,不可以直接复制

// for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

// printf("%d %d %s",maopaostu[i].score, maopaostu[i].age, maopaostu[i].name);

// printf(" ");

// }

// printf(" ");

// for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

// printf("%d %d %s",stu[i].score,stu[i].age,stu[i].name);

// printf(" ");

// }

// struct student stu = {70, 20,"yuhao"};

// testStruct(stu);

// struct student stu1[5] = {

// {70, 20,"yuhao"},

// {80, 10,"yusaho"},

// {90, 40,"yussao"},

// {91, 38,"yausao"},

// {97, 41,"yasusao"}

// };

// testStructArr(stu1);

long ret = sizeof(student);

printf("%ld ", ret);

//按照最大的类型字节分.(4字节对齐)内存存储原则:先按照最大的类型字节分,每个变量都很笨,他会填补上个变量空下来的内存,但是他也很笨,他以为自己和他是同一种类型,

return 0;

}