环境
win64位，python3.6,
问题与解决
说来也巧，今天无意中解决了两个多月前的问题，即用selenium调用chrome浏览器报错的问题；起因是在知乎中看到了一篇12306抢票的文章，用splinter实现抢票，先把代码贴出来，晚点再研究
from splinter.browser import Browser from time import sleep import traceback class Buy_Tickets(object): # 定义实例属性，初始化 def __init__(self, username, passwd, order, passengers, dtime, starts, ends): self.username = username self.passwd = passwd # 车次，0代表所有车次，依次从上到下，1代表所有车次，依次类推 self.order = order # 乘客名 self.passengers = passengers # 起始地和终点 self.starts = starts self.ends = ends # 日期 self.dtime = dtime # self.xb = xb # self.pz = pz self.login_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init' self.initMy_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/initMy12306' self.ticket_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init' self.driver_name = 'chrome' self.executable_path = 'C:Program FilesPython36ChromeDriver.exe' # 登录功能实现 def login(self): self.driver.visit(self.login_url) self.driver.fill('loginUserDTO.user_name', self.username) # sleep(1) self.driver.fill('userDTO.password', self.passwd) # sleep(1) print('请输入验证码...') while True: if self.driver.url != self.initMy_url: sleep(1) else: break # 买票功能实现 def start_buy(self): self.driver = Browser(driver_name=self.driver_name, executable_path=self.executable_path) #窗口大小的操作 self.driver.driver.set_window_size(700, 500) self.login() self.driver.visit(self.ticket_url) try: print('开始购票...') # 加载查询信息 self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromStation": self.starts}) self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_toStation": self.ends}) self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromDate": self.dtime}) self.driver.reload() count = 0 if self.order != 0: while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url: self.driver.find_by_text('查询').click() count += 1 print('第%d次点击查询...' % count) try: self.driver.find_by_text('预订')[self.order-1].click() sleep(1.5) except Exception as e: print(e) print('预订失败...') continue else: while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url: self.driver.find_by_text('查询').click() count += 1 print('第%d次点击查询...' % count) try: for i in self.driver.find_by_text('预订'): i.click() sleep(1) except Exception as e: print(e) print('预订失败...') continue print('开始预订...') sleep(1) print('开始选择用户...') for p in self.passengers: self.driver.find_by_text(p).last.click() sleep(0.5) if p[-1] == ')': self.driver.find_by_id('dialog_xsertcj_ok').click() print('提交订单...') # sleep(1) # self.driver.find_by_text(self.pz).click() # sleep(1) # self.driver.find_by_text(self.xb).click() # sleep(1) self.driver.find_by_id('submitOrder_id').click() sleep(2) print('确认选座...') self.driver.find_by_id('qr_submit_id').click() print('预订成功...') except Exception as e: print(e) if __name__ == '__main__': # 用户名 username = 'xxxx' # 密码 password = 'xxx' # 车次选择，0代表所有车次 order = 2 # 乘客名，比如passengers = ['丁小红', '丁小明'] # 学生票需注明，注明方式为：passengers = ['丁小红(学生)', '丁小明'] passengers = ['丁彦军'] # 日期，格式为：'2018-01-20' dtime = '2018-01-19' # 出发地(需填写cookie值) starts = '%u5434%u5821%2CWUY' #吴堡 # 目的地(需填写cookie值) ends = '%u897F%u5B89%2CXAY' #西安 # xb =['硬座座'] # pz=['成人票'] Buy_Tickets(username, password, order, passengers, dtime, starts, ends).start_buy()
好了，言归正传，之前那篇博文贴出了报错，原因不在于防火墙等等，而在于chromedriver版本没有下载对，参考并下载：
http://blog.csdn.net/huilan_same/article/details/51896672，我的chrome浏览器是63的版本，百度了一下，说是要装2.34的版本，参考如下：
https://www.cnblogs.com/fangfangs/p/6265570.html
http://blog.csdn.net/u012246342/article/details/52860949
简单来说搭建selenium+chrome浏览器的python环境需要如下步骤：
首先已经安装好selenium,然后下载对应版本的chromedriver，然后放到1、GoogleChromeApplication；2、Python36Scripts这两个目录下，再把1的路径添加到环境变量path里，接着测试一下
from selenium import webdriver driver = webdriver.Chrome() driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
可以看到顺利打开了百度页面，测试完毕