运行scrapy程序时候遇到的问题 ：ImportError: cannot import name opentype

参考一篇大佬的博文：https://www.cnblogs.com/zlslch/p/8318942.html

问题：将scrapy 1.8 程序在win本地运行成功，但是在linux运行报以下错误：

2019-12-10 17:12:14 [twisted] CRITICAL:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/internet/defer.py", line 1418, in _inlineCallbacks
    result = g.send(result)
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/crawler.py", line 104, in crawl
    six.reraise(*exc_info)
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/crawler.py", line 86, in crawl
    self.engine = self._create_engine()
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/crawler.py", line 111, in _create_engine
    return ExecutionEngine(self, lambda _: self.stop())
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/core/engine.py", line 69, in __init__
    self.downloader = downloader_cls(crawler)
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/core/downloader/__init__.py", line 86, in __init__
    self.middleware = DownloaderMiddlewareManager.from_crawler(crawler)
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/middleware.py", line 53, in from_crawler
    return cls.from_settings(crawler.settings, crawler)
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/middleware.py", line 34, in from_settings
    mwcls = load_object(clspath)
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/utils/misc.py", line 46, in load_object
    mod = import_module(module)
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/retry.py", line 22, in <module>
    from scrapy.core.downloader.handlers.http11 import TunnelError
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http11.py", line 22, in <module>
    from scrapy.core.downloader.tls import openssl_methods
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/core/downloader/tls.py", line 4, in <module>
    from service_identity.exceptions import CertificateError
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/service_identity/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
    from . import cryptography, pyopenssl
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/service_identity/pyopenssl.py", line 14, in <module>
    from pyasn1_modules.rfc2459 import GeneralNames
  File "/apps/software/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyasn1_modules/rfc2459.py", line 23, in <module>
    from pyasn1.type import opentype
ImportError: cannot import name opentype

以上报错信息给的不完整，大佬从启动过程中发现service_identity是报错的最终原因。所以要善于使用报错信息和日志信息。自己百度的答案也是安装相关包：pip install -I -U service_identity 就能解决。

可以离线安装：

根据提示，去下载和安装service_identity,地址为：https://pypi.python.org/pypi/service_identity#downloads，下载whl文件

 离线安装：

如果是whl格式的用：

pip install  service_identity-18.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl

 如果是tar.gz格式自己摸索

我用相同的方式安装的scrapy ， 都是用的yum install scrapy . 但是为什么会在另一台机器上出现报错。可能在安装的时候scrapy只会检查有没有这个模块service_identity，而不会进行版本检查以更新。

重新安装即可：

pip install service_identity