Django视图

在polls包里新建templates目录，

再创建一个目录 polls，

然后在其中新建一个文件index.html，

模板文件的路径应该是

polls/templates/polls/index.html

{% if latest_question_list %}
    <ul>
    {% for question in latest_question_list %}
        <li>
            <a href="{% url 'detail' question.id %}">{{ question.question_text }}
            </a>
        </li>
    {% endfor %}
    </ul>
{% else %}
    <p>No polls are available.</p>
{% endif %}

修改polls包里面的views.py

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template import loader

from polls.models import Question

# Create your views here.


def index(request):
    latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
    # 展示数据库里以发布日期排序的最近5个投票问题，以空格分割
    template = loader.get_template('polls/index.html')
    context = {
        'latest_question_list': latest_question_list,
    }
    # 载入polls/index.html模板文件，
    # 并且向它传递一个上下文(context)，
    # 这个上下文是一个字典，它将模板内的变量映射为Python对象
    return HttpResponse(template.render(context, request))


def detail(request, question_id):
    return HttpResponse("你在看问题：%s." % question_id)
    # %s表示格式化一个对象为字符


def results(request, question_id):
    response = "你在看问题的结果：%s."
    return HttpResponse(response % question_id)


def vote(request, question_id):
    return HttpResponse("你在投票讨论这个问题：%s." % question_id)

修改polls包里面的polls_urls.py

from django.urls import path
from . import views


urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.index, name='index'),
    # 示例：/polls/

    path('<int:question_id>/', views.detail, name='detail'),
    # 示例：/polls/5/

    path('<int:question_id>/results/', views.results, name='results'),
    # 示例：/polls/5/results/

    path('<int:question_id>/vote/', views.vote, name='vote'),
    # 示例：/polls/5/vote/
]

python manage.py runserver

启动服务

http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/

http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/34/

http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/34/results/

http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/34/vote/