spring编程式事务管理

org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager 接口（提交或回滚事务）
TransactionDefinition 接口（定义事务的隔离级别和事务传播行为）
TransactionStatus 接口（查询事务的状态）
使用方式：
- TransactionDefinition def = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
- TransactionStatus status = transactionManager.getTransaction(def);
- PlatformTransactionManager_Object.commit(status);
- PlatformTransactionManager_Object.rollback(status);
beans.xml
- 配置数据源bean：org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource（初始化DateSource）
- 声明TransactionManager bean org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager（初始化PlatformTransactionManager）
- 声明引用上面两个bean的bean

spring声明式事务管理

将事务管理从事务代码中隔离出来，使用注释或者配置XML文件来管理事务。

步骤：

使用<tx:advice>创建事务处理的Advice，指定需要作为事务的方法（目标方法）以及transaction-manager
（这一步可有可无）声明切入点，expression中方法（目标方法）都是事务型的（符合ACID）
目标方法在try/catch块中执行
发生异常，事务回滚

最重要的是beans.xml文件的配置

  1 // beans.xml
  2 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  3 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  4    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  5    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
  6    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  7    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  8    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
  9    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
 10    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
 11    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
 12    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
 13 
 14    <!-- Initialization for data source -->
 15    <bean id="dataSource" 
 16       class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
 17       <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
 18       <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"/>
 19       <property name="username" value="root"/>
 20       <property name="password" value="usbw"/>
 21    </bean>
 22 
 23    <tx:advice id="txAdvice"  transaction-manager="transactionManager">
 24       <tx:attributes>
 25         <tx:method name="create"/>
 26       </tx:attributes>
 27    </tx:advice>
 28 
 29 <!--    <aop:config> -->
 30 <!--       <aop:pointcut id="createOperation"  -->
 31 <!--       expression="execution(* com.springjdbc.StudentJDBCTemplate.create(..))"/> -->
 32 <!--       <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="createOperation"/> -->
 33 <!--    </aop:config> -->
 34 
 35    <!-- Initialization for TransactionManager -->
 36    <bean id="transactionManager"
 37    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
 38       <property name="dataSource"  ref="dataSource" />    
 39    </bean>
 40 
 41    <!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean -->
 42    <bean id="studentJDBCTemplate"  
 43    class="com.springjdbc.StudentJDBCTemplate">
 44       <property name="dataSource"  ref="dataSource" />  
 45    </bean>
 46 
 47 </beans>
 48 
 49 //StudentDao.java
 50 public interface StudentDao {
 51     public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);
 52     public void create(String name, Integer age, Integer marks, Integer year);
 53     public List<StudentMarks> listStudent();
 54 }
 55 
 56 // StudentMarks.java
 57 public class StudentMarks {
 58     private Integer age;
 59     private String name;
 60     private Integer id;
 61     private Integer marks;
 62     private Integer year;
 63     private Integer sid;
 64     public Integer getAge() {
 65         return age;
 66     }
 67     public void setAge(Integer age) {
 68         this.age = age;
 69     }
 70     public String getName() {
 71         return name;
 72     }
 73     public void setName(String name) {
 74         this.name = name;
 75     }
 76     public Integer getId() {
 77         return id;
 78     }
 79     public void setId(Integer id) {
 80         this.id = id;
 81     }
 82     public Integer getMarks() {
 83         return marks;
 84     }
 85     public void setMarks(Integer marks) {
 86         this.marks = marks;
 87     }
 88     public Integer getYear() {
 89         return year;
 90     }
 91     public void setYear(Integer year) {
 92         this.year = year;
 93     }
 94     public Integer getSid() {
 95         return sid;
 96     }
 97     public void setSid(Integer sid) {
 98         this.sid = sid;
 99     }
100 }
101 
102 // StudentMarksMapper.java
103 public class StudentMarksMapper implements RowMapper<StudentMarks>{
104 
105     @Override
106     public StudentMarks mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
107         StudentMarks studentMarks = new StudentMarks();
108         studentMarks.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
109         studentMarks.setName(rs.getString("name"));
110         studentMarks.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
111         studentMarks.setSid(rs.getInt("sid"));
112         studentMarks.setMarks(rs.getInt("marks"));
113         studentMarks.setYear(rs.getInt("year"));
114         return studentMarks;
115     }
116 }
117 
118 // StudentJDBCTemplate.java
119 public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDao {
120     private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject;
121     public void setDataSource(DataSource ds) {
122         this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(ds);
123     }
124     @Override
125     public void create(String name, Integer age, Integer marks, Integer year) {
126         System.out.println("StudentJDBCTemplate create()");
127         try {
128             String sql1 = "insert into student(name, age) values(?,?)";
129             jdbcTemplateObject.update(sql1, name, age);
130             
131             String sql3 = "insert into Marks(marks, year) values(?,?)";
132             jdbcTemplateObject.update(sql3, marks, year);
133             System.out.println("created name = "+name+", age = "+age);
134             throw new RuntimeException("simulate Error condition");
135         } catch (DataAccessException e) {
136             System.out.println("Error in creating record, rolling back");
137             throw e;
138         }
139     }
140     @Override
141     public List<StudentMarks> listStudent() {
142         String sql = "select * from student, marks where student.id=marks.sid";
143         List<StudentMarks> studentMarks = jdbcTemplateObject.query(sql, new StudentMarksMapper());
144         return studentMarks;
145     }
146 }
147 
148 // MainApp.java
149 public class MainApp {
150     public static void main(String[] args) {
151         ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
152         StudentDao studentJDBCTemplate = (StudentDao) context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");
153         System.out.println("----------插入记录----------");
154         studentJDBCTemplate.create("Zara", 11, 99, 2010);
155         studentJDBCTemplate.create("Nuha", 20, 97, 2010);
156         System.out.println("----------获取所有记录----------");
157         List<StudentMarks> listStudent = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudent();
158         for (StudentMarks record : listStudent) {
159              System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId() );
160              System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName() );
161              System.out.print(", Marks : " + record.getMarks());
162              System.out.print(", Year : " + record.getYear());
163              System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge());
164         }
165     }
166 }

运行结果：
----------插入记录----------
StudentJDBCTemplate create()
created name = Zara, age = 11
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: simulate Error condition