Django 用户认证及OneToOneField

Django 用户认证如果自己不想写就可以用django自带的认证

首选导入模块 models.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
#_*_ coding:utf8 _*_

from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.db import models
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

每创建一个用户都在

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    school = models.ForeignKey('School')
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

OneToOneField字段是一对一不能重复关联的关系

用户认证

首选实现一个简单的访问

大项目urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^$', views.index),
]

views.py views.py在app01下面

#!/usr/bin/env python
#_*_ coding:utf8 _*_
from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
import models
from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger


def index(request):
    return render(request,'crm/index.html')

在crm下面创建index.html 代码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
Welcome to Oldboy CRM
</body>
</html>

访问http://127.0.0.1:8000

认证之后才能看到页面信息如何实现呢这个在实际工作当中经常遇到的如何实现呢一步一步实现

views.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
#_*_ coding:utf8 _*_
from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
import models
from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger
from app01 import forms
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required

@login_required
def index(request):
    return render(request,'crm/index.html')

导入模块 login_required 在函数下面加上装饰器进行验证

再次访问试试

跳转到http://127.0.0.1:8000/accounts/login/?next=/ 这个链接地址

好我们来写个简单的登录页面

urls代码如下

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^$', views.index),
    url(r'^accounts/login/$', views.acc_login),

]

views.py代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#_*_ coding:utf8 _*_
from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,HttpResponseRedirect
import models
from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger
from app01 import forms
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from  django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout


@login_required
def index(request):
    return render(request,'crm/index.html')

def acc_login(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        print(request.POST)
        user = authenticate(username=request.POST.get('username'),
                            password=request.POST.get('password'))
        if user is not None:
            login(request,user)
            return HttpResponseRedirect('/')
        else:
            login_err = "Wrong username or password!"
            return render(request,'crm/login.html',{'login_err':login_err})
    return render(request,"crm/login.html")

建立模板html index.html

index.html代码如下

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Oldboy Welcome</h1>

{% block page-container %}
Welcome to Oldboy CRM
<div>
{% if request.user.is_authenticated %}
<span>{{ request.user.userprofile.name }}</span>
{% else %}
 <span>登录/注册</span>
 {% endif %}
</div>

{% endblock %}

</body>
</html>

{% extends 'crm/index.html' %}

{% block page-container %}
    <form action="" method="post"> {% csrf_token %}

   Username: <input type="text" name="username">
   Password: <input type="password" name="password">
            <input type="submit" value="Log me in">
    {% if login_err %}
    <div style="color: red">{{ login_err }}</div>    #前端判断错误 如果错误显示views里面的内容
    {% endif %}
    </form>
{% endblock %}]

好我们实现了访问用户限制

http://127.0.0.1:8000 自动跳转到

我们输入正确的用户名密码会跳转到index.html页面

user = authenticate(username=request.POST.get('username'),
                            password=request.POST.get('password'))
        if user is not None:
            login(request,user)
            return HttpResponseRedirect('/')

显示用户名登录成功名字如何显示和退出系统

显示登录成功的名字需要在前端显示

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Oldboy Welcome</h1>

{% block page-container %}
Welcome to Oldboy CRM
<div>
{% if request.user.is_authenticated %}
<span>{{ request.user.userprofile.name }}</span>
{% else %}
 <span>登录/注册</span>
 {% endif %}
</div>
<div>
<a href="/accounts/logout/">退出系统</a>
</div>
{% endblock %}

</body>
</html>

看红色显示部分

退出系统代码看黄色部分前端

url代码如下

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^$', views.index),
    url(r'^accounts/login/$', views.acc_login),
    url(r'^accounts/logout/$', views.acc_logout),
]

views.py代码如下：

def acc_logout(request):
    logout(request)
    return HttpResponseRedirect('/')

点击退出系统跳转到

<a href="/accounts/logout/">退出系统</a>

def acc_logout(request):
    logout(request)
    return HttpResponseRedirect('/') 跳转到登录页面